Hydrogel ionotronics

Nature Reviews Materials, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 3(6), С. 125 - 142

Опубликована: Май 14, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Carbon Nanotube Chemical Sensors

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 119(1), С. 599 - 663

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2018

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) promise to advance a number of real-world technologies. Of these applications, they are particularly attractive for uses in chemical sensors environmental and health monitoring. However, based on CNTs often lacking selectivity, the elucidation their sensing mechanisms remains challenging. This review is comprehensive description parameters that give rise capabilities CNT-based application devices sensing. begins with discussion devices, methods CNT functionalization, architectures sensors, performance parameters, theoretical models used describe sensors. It then discusses expansive applications multiple areas including monitoring, food agriculture biological national security. The each analyte focuses strategies impart selectivity molecular interactions between selector analyte. Finally, concludes brief outlook over future developments field prospects commercialization.

Язык: Английский

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Highly Stretchable, Elastic, and Ionic Conductive Hydrogel for Artificial Soft Electronics

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 29(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2018

Abstract High conductivity, large mechanical strength, and elongation are important parameters for soft electronic applications. However, it is difficult to find a material with balanced performance. Here, simple method developed introduce ion‐rich pores into strong hydrogel matrix fabricate novel ionic conductive high level of properties. The proposed achieved by physically cross‐linking the tough biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel as embedding hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) biopolymer fibers inside followed salt solution soaking. wrinkle dense structure induced salting in PVA provides stress (1.3 MPa) strain (975%). well‐distributed porous well ion migration–facilitated environment generated embedded HPC dramatically enhances conductivity (up 3.4 S m −1 , at f = 1 MHz). hybrid can work an artificial nerve 3D printed robotic hand, allowing passing stable tunable electrical signals full recovery under hand finger movements. This natural rubber‐like has promising application flexible electronics.

Язык: Английский

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Hydrogel Adhesion: A Supramolecular Synergy of Chemistry, Topology, and Mechanics

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 30(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2019

Abstract Adhering hydrogels to various materials is fundamental a large array of established and emerging applications. The last few years have seen transformative advances in achieving strong hydrogel adhesion, which supramolecular phenomenon. Two adherends connect through covalent bonds, noncovalent complexes, polymer chains, networks, or nanoparticles. Separating the dissipates energy cascading events across length scales, including bond cleavage, chain retraction, bulk hysteresis. A unifying principle has emerged: adhesion requires synergy chemistry topology connection, mechanics dissipation. This characterizes (another hydrogel, tissue, elastomer, plastic, metal, glass, ceramic) operations (cast, coat, print, attach, pierce, glue). Strong can be made permanent, reversible, degradable, on‐demand detachable. development its applications adheres disciplines, discovers interlinks, forges cohesion. Discussed throughout review are immediate opportunities for studies practical

Язык: Английский

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Recent Advances in Transistor‐Based Artificial Synapses

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 29(42)

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2019

Abstract Simulating biological synapses with electronic devices is a re‐emerging field of research. It widely recognized as the first step in hardware building brain‐like computers and artificial intelligent systems. Thus far, different types have been proposed to mimic synaptic functions. Among them, transistor‐based advantages good stability, relatively controllable testing parameters, clear operation mechanism, can be constructed from variety materials. In addition, they perform concurrent learning, which weight update performed without interrupting signal transmission process. Synergistic control one device also implemented synapse, opens up possibility developing robust neuron networks significantly fewer neural elements. These unique features make them more suitable for emulating functions than other devices. However, development still its very early stages. Herein, this article presents review recent advances order give guideline future implementation transistors. The main challenges research directions are presented.

Язык: Английский

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A supramolecular biomimetic skin combining a wide spectrum of mechanical properties and multiple sensory capabilities

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Март 13, 2018

Biomimetic skin-like materials, capable of adapting shapes to variable environments and sensing external stimuli, are great significance in a wide range applications, including artificial intelligence, soft robotics, smart wearable devices. However, such highly sophisticated intelligence has been mainly found natural creatures while rarely realized materials. Herein, we fabricate type biomimetic iontronics imitate skins using supramolecular polyelectrolyte hydrogels. The dynamic viscoelastic networks provide the skin with spectrum mechanical properties, flexible reconfiguration ability, robust elasticity, extremely large stretchability, autonomous self-healability, recyclability. Meanwhile, polyelectrolytes' ionic conductivity allows multiple sensory capabilities toward temperature, strain, stress. This work provides not only insights into interactions mechanism iontronics, but may also promote development similar skins.

Язык: Английский

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Artificial Synapses Emulated by an Electrolyte‐Gated Tungsten‐Oxide Transistor

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 30(34)

Опубликована: Июль 4, 2018

Considering that the human brain uses ≈10

Язык: Английский

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Electrolyte-gated transistors for enhanced performance bioelectronics

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 1(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021

Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs), capable of transducing biological and biochemical inputs into amplified electronic signals stably operating in aqueous environments, have emerged as fundamental building blocks bioelectronics. In this Primer, the different EGT architectures are described with mechanisms underpinning their functional operation, providing insight key experiments including necessary data analysis validation. Several organic inorganic materials used structures fabrication approaches for an optimal experimental design presented compared. The bio-layers and/or biosystems integrated or interfaced to EGTs, self-organization self-assembly strategies, reviewed. Relevant promising applications discussed, two-dimensional three-dimensional cell monitoring, ultra-sensitive biosensors, electrophysiology, synaptic neuromorphic bio-interfaces, prosthetics robotics. Advantages, limitations possible optimizations also surveyed. Finally, current issues future directions further developments discussed. (EGTs) bioelectronics, which transduce electrical signals. This Primer examines mechanism operation practical considerations related wide range applications.

Язык: Английский

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Recent Progress on Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors: From Design and Materials to Applications

Advanced Materials Technologies, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6(4)

Опубликована: Март 5, 2021

Abstract For decades, the revolution in design and fabrication methodology of flexible capacitive pressure sensors using various inorganic/organic materials has significantly enhanced field wearable electronics with a wide range applications aerospace, automobiles, marine environment, robotics, healthcare, consumer/portable electronics. Mathematical modelling, finite element simulations, unique strategies are utilized to fabricate diverse shapes diaphragms, shells, cantilevers which function normal, touch, or double touch modes, operation principles inspired from microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based sensing techniques. The technique detects changes capacitance due deformation/deflection sensitive mechanical that alters separation gap capacitor. Due advancement state‐of‐the‐art technologies, performance properties enhanced. In this review paper, recent progress techniques terms design, materials, is reported. mechanics steps paper‐based low‐cost MEMS/flexible devices also broadly Lastly, sensors, challenges, future perspectives discussed.

Язык: Английский

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First Decade of Interfacial Iontronic Sensing: From Droplet Sensors to Artificial Skins

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 33(7)

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2020

Abstract Over the past decade, a brand‐new pressure‐ and tactile‐sensing modality, known as iontronic sensing has emerged, utilizing supercapacitive nature of electrical double layer (EDL) that occurs at electrolytic–electronic interface, leading to ultrahigh device sensitivity, high noise immunity, resolution, spatial definition, optical transparency, responses both static dynamic stimuli, in addition thin flexible architectures. Together, it offers unique combination enabling features tackle grand challenges applications, particular, with recent interest rapid progress development robotic intelligence, electronic skin, wearable health well internet‐of‐things, from academic industrial communities. A historical perspective discovery, an overview fundamental working mechanism along its architectures, survey material aspects structural designs dedicated, finally, discussion newly enabled technical challenges, future outlooks are provided for this promising modality implementations. The state‐of‐the‐art developments technology first decade summarized, potentially providing roadmap next wave innovations breakthroughs field.

Язык: Английский

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