iScience,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
24(11), С. 103174 - 103174
Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2021
Skin-like
electronics
are
developing
rapidly
to
realize
a
variety
of
applications
such
as
wearable
sensing
and
soft
robotics.
Hydrogels,
biomaterials,
have
been
studied
intensively
for
skin-like
electronic
utilities
due
their
unique
features
softness,
wetness,
biocompatibility
ionic
capability.
These
could
potentially
blur
the
gap
between
biological
systems
hard
artificial
machines.
However,
development
hydrogel
devices
is
still
in
its
infancy
faces
challenges
including
limited
functionality,
low
ambient
stability,
poor
surface
adhesion,
relatively
high
power
consumption
(as
sensors).
This
review
aims
summarize
current
skin-inspired
address
these
challenges.
We
first
conduct
an
overview
hydrogels
existing
strategies
increase
toughness
conductivity.
Next,
we
describe
approaches
leverage
with
advanced
merits
anti-dehydration,
anti-freezing,
adhesion.
Thereafter,
highlight
state-of-the-art
electronics,
robotics,
energy
harvesting.
Finally,
conclude
outline
future
trends.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
30(2)
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2019
Abstract
Adhering
hydrogels
to
various
materials
is
fundamental
a
large
array
of
established
and
emerging
applications.
The
last
few
years
have
seen
transformative
advances
in
achieving
strong
hydrogel
adhesion,
which
supramolecular
phenomenon.
Two
adherends
connect
through
covalent
bonds,
noncovalent
complexes,
polymer
chains,
networks,
or
nanoparticles.
Separating
the
dissipates
energy
cascading
events
across
length
scales,
including
bond
cleavage,
chain
retraction,
bulk
hysteresis.
A
unifying
principle
has
emerged:
adhesion
requires
synergy
chemistry
topology
connection,
mechanics
dissipation.
This
characterizes
(another
hydrogel,
tissue,
elastomer,
plastic,
metal,
glass,
ceramic)
operations
(cast,
coat,
print,
attach,
pierce,
glue).
Strong
can
be
made
permanent,
reversible,
degradable,
on‐demand
detachable.
development
its
applications
adheres
disciplines,
discovers
interlinks,
forges
cohesion.
Discussed
throughout
review
are
immediate
opportunities
for
studies
practical
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
121(8), С. 4309 - 4372
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2021
Hydrogels
are
polymer
networks
infiltrated
with
water.
Many
biological
hydrogels
in
animal
bodies
such
as
muscles,
heart
valves,
cartilages,
and
tendons
possess
extreme
mechanical
properties
including
being
extremely
tough,
strong,
resilient,
adhesive,
fatigue-resistant.
These
also
critical
for
hydrogels'
diverse
applications
ranging
from
drug
delivery,
tissue
engineering,
medical
implants,
wound
dressings,
contact
lenses
to
sensors,
actuators,
electronic
devices,
optical
batteries,
water
harvesters,
soft
robots.
Whereas
numerous
have
been
developed
over
the
last
few
decades,
a
set
of
general
principles
that
can
rationally
guide
design
using
different
materials
fabrication
methods
various
remain
central
need
field
materials.
This
review
is
aimed
at
synergistically
reporting:
(i)
achieve
physical
properties,
(ii)
implementation
strategies
unconventional
networks,
(iii)
future
directions
orthogonal
multiple
combined
mechanical,
physical,
chemical,
properties.
Because
these
based
on
generic
they
applicable
other
elastomers
organogels.
Overall,
will
not
only
provide
comprehensive
systematic
guidelines
rational
materials,
but
provoke
interdisciplinary
discussions
fundamental
question:
why
does
nature
select
constitute
major
parts
bodies?
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
121(18), С. 11385 - 11457
Опубликована: Май 3, 2021
Advances
in
hydrogel
technology
have
unlocked
unique
and
valuable
capabilities
that
are
being
applied
to
a
diverse
set
of
translational
applications.
Hydrogels
perform
functions
relevant
range
biomedical
purposes-they
can
deliver
drugs
or
cells,
regenerate
hard
soft
tissues,
adhere
wet
prevent
bleeding,
provide
contrast
during
imaging,
protect
tissues
organs
radiotherapy,
improve
the
biocompatibility
medical
implants.
These
make
hydrogels
useful
for
many
distinct
pressing
diseases
conditions
even
less
conventional
areas
such
as
environmental
engineering.
In
this
review,
we
cover
major
hydrogels,
with
focus
on
novel
benefits
injectable
how
they
relate
applications
medicine
environment.
We
pay
close
attention
development
contemporary
requires
extensive
interdisciplinary
collaboration
accomplish
highly
specific
complex
biological
tasks
from
cancer
immunotherapy
tissue
engineering
vaccination.
complement
our
discussion
preclinical
clinical
mechanical
design
considerations
needed
scaling
technologies
application.
anticipate
readers
will
gain
more
complete
picture
expansive
possibilities
practical
impactful
differences
across
numerous
fields
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
116(21), С. 10244 - 10249
Опубликована: Май 8, 2019
Skeletal
muscles
possess
the
combinational
properties
of
high
fatigue
resistance
(1,000
J/m2),
strength
(1
MPa),
low
Young's
modulus
(100
kPa),
and
water
content
(70
to
80
wt
%),
which
have
not
been
achieved
in
synthetic
hydrogels.
The
muscle-like
are
highly
desirable
for
hydrogels'
nascent
applications
load-bearing
artificial
tissues
soft
devices.
Here,
we
propose
a
strategy
mechanical
training
achieve
aligned
nanofibrillar
architectures
skeletal
hydrogels,
resulting
properties.
These
obtained
through
training-induced
alignment
nanofibrils,
without
additional
chemical
modifications
or
additives.
In
situ
confocal
microscopy
fracturing
processes
reveals
that
results
from
crack
pinning
by
require
much
higher
energy
fracture
than
corresponding
amorphous
polymer
chains.
This
is
particularly
applicable
3D-printed
microstructures
can
isotropically
fatigue-resistant,
strong
yet
compliant
Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
52(2), С. 473 - 509
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2022
Hydrogel-based
conductive
materials
for
smart
wearable
devices
have
attracted
increasing
attention
due
to
their
excellent
flexibility,
versatility,
and
outstanding
biocompatibility.
This
review
presents
the
recent
advances
in
multifunctional
hydrogels
electronic
devices.
First,
with
different
components
are
discussed,
including
pure
single
network
based
on
polymers,
additional
additives
(i.e.,
nanoparticles,
nanowires,
nanosheets),
double
additives.
Second,
a
variety
of
functionalities,
self-healing,
super
toughness,
self-growing,
adhesive,
anti-swelling,
antibacterial,
structural
color,
hydrophobic,
anti-freezing,
shape
memory
external
stimulus
responsiveness
introduced
detail.
Third,
applications
flexible
illustrated
strain
sensors,
supercapacitors,
touch
panels,
triboelectric
nanogenerator,
bioelectronic
devices,
robot).
Next,
current
challenges
facing
summarized.
Finally,
an
imaginative
but
reasonable
outlook
is
given,
which
aims
drive
further
development
future.
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
15(4), С. 7765 - 7773
Опубликована: Март 26, 2021
Conductive
hydrogels
have
emerged
as
promising
material
candidates
for
epidermal
sensors
due
to
their
similarity
biological
tissues,
good
wearability,
and
high
accuracy
of
information
acquisition.
However,
it
is
difficult
simultaneously
achieve
conductive
hydrogel-based
with
reliable
healability
long-term
usage,
robust
mechanical
property,
environmental
degradability
decreased
electronic
waste,
sensing
capability
the
physiological
stimuli
electrophysiological
signals.
Herein,
we
propose
synthesis
strategy
a
multifunctional
sensor
based
on
highly
stretchable,
self-healing,
degradable,
biocompatible
nanocomposite
hydrogel,
which
fabricated
from
conformal
coating
MXene
(Ti3C2Tx)
network
by
hydrogel
polymer
networks
involving
poly(acrylic
acid)
amorphous
calcium
carbonate.
The
can
be
employed
sensitively
detect
human
motions
fast
response
time
(20
ms)
serve
skins
wirelessly
monitoring
signals
(such
electromyogram
electrocardiogram
signals).
Meanwhile,
could
degraded
in
phosphate
buffered
saline
solution,
not
cause
any
pollution
environment.
This
line
research
work
sheds
light
fabrication
healable,
signal-sensitive
potential
applications
human–machine
interactions,
healthy
diagnosis,
smart
robot
prosthesis
devices.
