Ten Years of Progress in the Synthesis and Development of MXenes

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 33(39)

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2021

Abstract Since their discovery in 2011, the number of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) has steadily increased. Currently more than 40 MXene compositions exist. The ultimate is far greater time they may develop into largest family materials known. MXenes’ unique properties, such as metal‐like electrical conductivity reaching ≈20 000 S cm −1 , render them quite useful a large applications, including energy storage, optoelectronic, biomedical, communications, environmental. papers patents published been growing quickly. first generation synthesized using selective etching layers from MAX phases, layered carbonitrides hydrofluoric acid. then, multiple synthesis approaches have developed, mixture fluoride salts various acids, non‐aqueous etchants, halogens, molten salts, allowing for new MXenes with better control over surface chemistries. Herein, brief historical overview 10 years research perspective on future development are provided. fact that production readily scalable aqueous environments, high yields bodes well commercialization.

Язык: Английский

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High-entropy nanoparticles: Synthesis-structure-property relationships and data-driven discovery

Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 376(6589)

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2022

High-entropy nanoparticles have become a rapidly growing area of research in recent years. Because their multielemental compositions and unique high-entropy mixing states (i.e., solid-solution) that can lead to tunable activity enhanced stability, these received notable attention for catalyst design exploration. However, this strong potential is also accompanied by grand challenges originating from vast compositional space complex atomic structure, which hinder comprehensive exploration fundamental understanding. Through multidisciplinary view synthesis, characterization, catalytic applications, high-throughput screening, data-driven materials discovery, review dedicated discussing the important progress unveiling critical needs future development catalysis, energy, sustainability applications.

Язык: Английский

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Unraveling the electronegativity-dominated intermediate adsorption on high-entropy alloy electrocatalysts

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Май 13, 2022

Abstract High-entropy alloys have received considerable attention in the field of catalysis due to their exceptional properties. However, few studies hitherto focus on origin outstanding performance and accurate identification active centers. Herein, we report a conceptual experimental approach overcome limitations single-element catalysts by designing FeCoNiXRu (X: Cu, Cr, Mn) system with various sites that different adsorption capacities for multiple intermediates. The electronegativity differences between mixed elements HEA induce significant charge redistribution create highly Co Ru optimized energy barriers simultaneously stabilizing OH * H intermediates, which greatly enhances efficiency water dissociation alkaline conditions. This work provides an in-depth understanding interactions specific opens up fascinating direction breaking scaling relation issues multistep reactions.

Язык: Английский

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High‐Entropy Enhanced Microwave Attenuation in Titanate Perovskites

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(11)

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

High-entropy oxides (HEOs), which incorporate multiple-principal cations into single-phase crystals and interact with diverse metal ions, extend the border for available compositions unprecedented properties. Herein, a high-entropy-stabilized (Ca0.2 Sr0.2 Ba0.2 La0.2 Pb0.2 )TiO3 perovskite is reported, effective absorption bandwidth (90% absorption) improves almost two times than that of BaTiO3 . The results demonstrate regulation entropy configuration can yield significant grain boundaries, oxygen defects, an ultradense distorted lattice. These characteristics give rise to strong interfacial defect-induced polarizations, thus synergistically contributing dielectric attenuation performance. Moreover, large strains derived from lattice distortions in high-entropy offer varied transport electron carriers. high-entropy-enhanced positive/negative charges accumulation around boundaries strain-concentrated location, quantitatively validated by holography, unusual polarization loss. This study opens up avenue designing microwave materials satisfy increasingly demanding requirements advanced integrated electronics. work also offers paradigm improving other interesting properties HEOs through engineering.

Язык: Английский

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High‐Entropy Prussian Blue Analogues and Their Oxide Family as Sulfur Hosts for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 61(41)

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2022

The introduction of high-entropy into Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) has yet to attract attention in the field lithium-sulfur battery materials. Herein, we systematically synthesize a library PBAs from binary by facile coprecipitation method. coordination environment is explored X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, which together with elemental mapping confirm successful all metals. Importantly, electrochemical tests demonstrate that PBA can serve as polysulfide immobilizer inhibit shuttle effect and catalyst promote polysulfides conversion, thereby boosting its outstanding performance. Additionally, variety nanocubic metal oxides senary are fabricated using sacrificial precursors. We believe wide range new materials obtained our pyrolysis methodology further developments research on systems sulfur hosts.

Язык: Английский

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High‐Entropy Carbonitride MAX Phases and Their Derivative MXenes

Advanced Energy Materials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(6)

Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2021

Abstract Although high‐entropy layered transition metal carbonitride MAX phases and their derivative MXenes have been proposed to exhibit unique physicochemical features for widespread applications, it is still challenging synthesize them owing the easy formation of separated during traditional synthetic process. Here, a new phase (HE CN‐MAX, (Ti 1/3 V 1/6 Zr Nb Ta ) 2 AlC x N 1–x synthesized on basis metallurgically treating medium‐entropy (ME‐MAX) (Zr other 4 AlN 3 AlC). During metallurgical process, usage effectively solves separation issue low entropy difference. After selective extraction an A species, MXene CN‐MXene) with high mechanical strains five types metal‐nitrogen bonds achieved, which shows good adsorption catalytic activities lithium polysulfides. As result, lithium–sulfur battery HE CN‐MXene delivers high‐rate capability (702 mAh g −1 at C) cycling stability.

Язык: Английский

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MXenes: trends, growth, and future directions

Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(3-4), С. 75 - 79

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2022

Язык: Английский

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MXene-Based Electrodes for Supercapacitor Energy Storage

Energy & Fuels, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 36(5), С. 2390 - 2406

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

MXenes, a new class of two-dimensional advanced functional nanomaterials, have been widely researched in the past decade for applications diverse fields including clean energy and fuels production. The unique layered structures MXenes simultaneously enhance electrolyte ion transport provide transition metal active redox sites on surface. These features make particularly promising as high-performance electrodes electrochemical capacitors (supercapacitors). This paper critically reviews latest advancements utilization supercapacitor electrodes. key structural other properties that them ideal electrodes, strategies fabrication, performance improvement, scalable manufacture industry-relevant MXene films, are elaborated. Future research needs, challenges, opportunities this rapidly emerging area discussed well.

Язык: Английский

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MAX phases – Past, present, and future

Materials Today, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 72, С. 1 - 24

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

The MAX phases are a class of nanolaminated materials composed an early transition-metal (M), A-group element (A) and C, N, B and/or P (X). Progress in phase research recent years has increased their number from the original 50 or so, to more than 300 phases. Since half 342 have been discovered after 2018, overview progress made field is timely. Currently, 28 M elements, A 6 X elements incorporated phases, alloys included. We further categorize based on synthesis route used make them; if via one-step approach bottom-up formed through elemental replacement reactions top-down synthesis. This classification also correlated theoretical stability predictions, that turn, can be identify novel synthesizable compositions as well suggest suitable routes. Furthermore, using predictions we 182 new theoretically stable awaiting experimental confirmation. Notably, precursors for MXenes, dramatically interest latter large host potential applications renders former even valuable.

Язык: Английский

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MXenes: The two-dimensional influencers

Materials Today Advances, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13, С. 100202 - 100202

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2021

MXenes have significantly impacted materials science and nanotechnology since their discovery in 2011. Theoretical calculations predicted more than 100 possible compositions of lab-scale fabrication 40 MXene structures has been reported to date. The unique characteristics made them an ideal fit for a wide variety applications, including energy storage, environmental, electronics, communications, gas liquid separations adsorption, biomedical, optoelectronics. attracted many researchers, as result, publication trends on grown exponentially recent years. By 2021, already shown promise several research areas, storage devices, electromagnetic interference shielding, nanocomposites, hybrid materials. In parallel, new applications are emerging where outperform other nanomaterials, such tribology. also being expanded rapidly. Here, we briefly overview the history, properties, trends, application better understand potentials familiarize audiences with this 2D material family.

Язык: Английский

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