Room-temperature
sodium-sulfur
(RT
Na-S)
batteries
are
potential
candidates
for
next-generation
energy
storage
systems
because
of
low-cost
resources,
high
theoretical
capacity,
and
density.
However,
their
commercialization
is
hindered
by
the
inherent
shuttle
effect,
insulation
sulfur,
slow
catalytic
conversion.
This
study
proposes
a
novel
approach
involving
design
C/CoFe
alloy
catalyst
coupled
with
Ti3C2Tx
MXene
substrate
(C/CoFe-MXene)
as
three-dimensional
porous
conductive
sulfur
host.
Polysulfide
adsorption/catalytic
experiments
density
functional
theory
calculation
confirmed
excellent
affinity
strong
conversion
ability
C/CoFe-MXene
composite
polysulfides.
The
heterostructure
formed
between
CoFe
promotes
Na+
transport
accelerates
reaction
kinetics
species.
Consequently,
assembled
RT
Na-S
host
(2.0
mg
cm-2)
deliver
initial
specific
capacity
572
mAh
g-1
at
1
C.
Even
5
C,
battery
achieves
ultralong-term
cycling
over
5,400
cycles
retention
rate
61.9%,
corresponding
to
fading
0.0089%
per
cycle,
demonstrating
outstanding
high-rate
tolerance.
work
provides
new
insights
into
preparation
cathodes
surface
area
activity
using
catalysts
loaded
on
substrates
in
batteries.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025
The
profound
understanding
of
chemical
reaction
essence
and
kinetic
behaviors
is
crucial
to
develop
rechargeable
battery
technologies.
Based
on
multi-electron
conversion,
sulfur
redox
reactions
hold
great
promise
for
establishing
low-cost,
high-energy-density,
longstanding
batteries.
However,
the
processes
suffer
from
a
series
common
daunting
cruxes,
leading
incomplete
inferior
performance
when
working
in
These
innate
challenges
include
poor
reactivity,
sluggish
charge
transmission,
severe
polysulfide
shuttling,
high
energy
barrier,
undesirable
reversibility.
Accordingly,
it
becomes
consensus
effectively
manipulate
kinetics
developing
competent
metal-sulfur
Herein,
this
review
centers
reactions,
within
compass
electrochemical
fundamentals,
principles,
thermodynamics,
dynamics,
as
well
emphatically
presents
universal
methodologies
boost
unique
viewpoint
batteries
can
provide
deepened
electrochemistry
lead
new
insights
into
cathode
designs
configurations,
thus
accelerating
cathodes
promoting
practical
progress
high-energy-density
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2025
Sodium-sulfur
batteries
face
significant
challenges
due
to
the
high
solubility
of
sodium
polysulfides
and
resulting
shuttle
effect,
which
compromise
cycling
stability
efficiency.
This
study
introduces
Cu(111)
facet-selective
reactivity
sulfur
redox,
promotes
formation
a
stable
intermediate,
NaCu5S3,
enabling
efficient
conversion,
rapid
ionic
transport,
fully
solid-solid
reaction
pathway.
The
system
achieves
exceptional
performance,
retaining
specific
capacity
602
mAh
g-1
over
800
cycles
at
0.5
A
delivering
463
current
density
5
in
ether-based
electrolytes,
representing
highest
rate
capability
reported
for
cathodes
with
content
≥
60
wt
%.
Comparative
studies
Cu(100),
Cu(110),
aluminum
substrates
highlight
unique
Cu(111).
Density
functional
theory
calculations
further
reveal
structural
electronic
interactions
between
copper
polysulfides,
clarifying
facet-dependent
mechanisms.
work
establishes
facet
engineering
as
promising
approach
modulating
redox
pathways
improving
electrochemical
reversibility
metal-sulfur
batteries.
Room-temperature
sodium-sulfur
(RT
Na-S)
batteries
are
potential
candidates
for
next-generation
energy
storage
systems
because
of
low-cost
resources,
high
theoretical
capacity,
and
density.
However,
their
commercialization
is
hindered
by
the
inherent
shuttle
effect,
insulation
sulfur,
slow
catalytic
conversion.
This
study
proposes
a
novel
approach
involving
design
C/CoFe
alloy
catalyst
coupled
with
Ti3C2Tx
MXene
substrate
(C/CoFe-MXene)
as
three-dimensional
porous
conductive
sulfur
host.
Polysulfide
adsorption/catalytic
experiments
density
functional
theory
calculation
confirmed
excellent
affinity
strong
conversion
ability
C/CoFe-MXene
composite
polysulfides.
The
heterostructure
formed
between
CoFe
promotes
Na+
transport
accelerates
reaction
kinetics
species.
Consequently,
assembled
RT
Na-S
host
(2.0
mg
cm-2)
deliver
initial
specific
capacity
572
mAh
g-1
at
1
C.
Even
5
C,
battery
achieves
ultralong-term
cycling
over
5,400
cycles
retention
rate
61.9%,
corresponding
to
fading
0.0089%
per
cycle,
demonstrating
outstanding
high-rate
tolerance.
work
provides
new
insights
into
preparation
cathodes
surface
area
activity
using
catalysts
loaded
on
substrates
in
batteries.
