Machines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1), С. 62 - 62
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2024
In
recent
years,
the
rapid
advancement
of
technology
has
caused
an
increase
in
development
wearable
products.
These
are
portable
devices
that
can
be
worn
by
people.
The
main
goal
these
products
is
to
improve
quality
life
as
they
focus
on
safety,
assistance
and
entertainment
their
users.
introduction
many
new
technologies
allowed
evolve
into
different
fields
with
multiple
uses.
way
which
design
products/devices
approached
requires
study
recording
factors
so
final
device
functional
efficient
for
its
user.
current
research
presents
in-depth
overview
studies
dealing
development,
manufacturing
applications/systems
general.
More
specifically,
this
review,
a
comprehensive
classification
various
sectors
applications
was
carried
out,
resulting
creation
eight
categories.
A
total
161
from
last
13
years
were
analyzed
commented
on.
findings
review
show
use
such
3D
scanning
printing
essential
tools
addition,
observed
sensors
through
signals
data
could
recorded.
Finally,
categories
divided
into,
two
conclusions
emerged.
first
conclusion
method
used
most
research.
second
directions
concern
safety
users
using
anthropometric
dimensions.
ACS Applied Bio Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024
Soft
matter
bioelectronics
represents
an
emerging
and
interdisciplinary
research
frontier
aiming
to
harness
the
synergy
between
biology
electronics
for
advanced
diagnostic
healthcare
applications.
In
this
context,
a
whole
family
of
soft
gels
have
been
recently
developed
with
self-healing
ability
tunable
biological
mimetic
features
act
as
tissue-like
space
bridging
interface
electronic
device
dynamic
fluids
body
tissues.
This
review
article
provides
comprehensive
overview
electroactive
polymer
gels,
formed
by
noncovalent
intermolecular
interactions
covalent
bonds,
injectable
covering
their
synthesis,
characterization,
First,
hydrogels
crafted
from
conducting
polymers
(poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)
(PEDOT),
polyaniline
(PANi),
polypyrrole
(PPy))-based
networks
which
are
connected
through
physical
(e.g.,
hydrogen
bonding,
π–π
stacking,
hydrophobic
interactions)
or
bonds
imine
Schiff-base,
borate
ester
bonds)
addressed.
Injectable
involving
hybrid
conductive
nanomaterials
(i.e.,
graphene
oxide,
carbon
nanotubes,
metallic
nanoparticles,
etc.)
also
discussed.
Besides,
it
delves
into
recent
advancements
in
ionic
liquid-integrated
(iongels)
deep
eutectic
solvent-integrated
(eutectogels),
present
promising
avenues
future
research.
Finally,
current
applications
prospects
cutting-edge
bioelectronic
ranging
tissue
engineering
biosensing
outlined.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(40)
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024
Abstract
The
development
of
multifunctional
organic
materials
represents
a
vibrant
area
research,
with
applications
spanning
from
biosensing
to
drug
delivery.
This
study
shows
the
bioelectronic
device
suitable
for
prolonged
temperature
monitoring
and
delivery
applications.
relies
on
conducting
thermo‐responsive
hydrogel
made
poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)
doped
poly(styrene
sulfonate)
(PEDOT:PSS)
poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)
(PNIPAM).
is
4D
printable
by
Digital
Light
Processing
(DLP)
method
exhibits
optimal
biocompatibility.
features
low
critical
solution
(LCST)
≈35
°C,
above
which
its
resistance
changes
dramatically
due
shrinkage
it
undergoes
temperature.
integration
PNIPAM/PEDOT
into
an
electrochemical
transistor
(OECT)
as
gate
electrode
allows
generate
miniaturized
reversible
response
variations
between
25
45
along
high
sensitivity
0.05
°C
−1
.
Furthermore,
demonstrates
utility
in
delivery,
achieving
Insulin‐FITC
release
rate
82
±
4%
at
37
mimicking
human
body
conditions.
hydrogel's
functionality
store
insulin
does
not
compromise
thermo‐responsivity
overall
performance
OECT.
OECT
opens
new
avenues
customizable
personalized
sensing
drug‐delivery
systems.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(18)
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2024
Abstract
Therapeutic
deep
eutectic
solvents
(THEDES)
are
an
emerging
family
of
mixtures
gaining
increasing
interest
in
the
biomedical
space.
The
immobilization
THEDES
into
polymer
networks
allows
bioactive
eutectogels
to
expand
their
application
scope
topical
drug
delivery.
Herein,
this
work
presents
first
set
elastomeric
constructed
by
supporting
a
therapeutic
system
with
skin
permeation
ability
protein
scaffold
dynamically
crosslinked
natural
polyphenol.
In
ionic
eutectic,
gelatin
undergoes
gelation
through
unexpected
mechanism
striking
contrast
classical
hydrogels,
which
is
herein
thoroughly
studied.
Interestingly,
polyphenol
controls
conformation
structure,
enabling
tuning
up
mechanical
and
viscoelastic
behavior
dynamic
eutectogel
from
elastic
hyperelastic.
resultant
exhibit
strain‐hardening
behavior,
thermoreversible
gel‐to‐sol
transition,
excellent
adhesive
performance.
Furthermore,
these
versatile
materials
retain
bioactivity
liquid
favor
occlusion,
assisting
delivery
both
hydrophilic
hydrophobic
substances
ex
vivo
porcine
time‐dependent
penetration
process.
These
ultrastretchable
show
new
interplays
between
scaffolds
mixtures,
paving
way
for
innovative
soft
materials.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
62(26)
Опубликована: Май 2, 2023
Eutectogels
are
an
emerging
family
of
soft
ionic
materials
alternative
to
liquid
gels
and
organogels,
offering
fresh
perspectives
for
designing
functional
dynamic
platforms
in
water-free
environments.
Herein,
the
first
example
mixed
electronic
conducting
supramolecular
eutectogel
composites
is
reported.
A
fluorescent
glutamic
acid-derived
low-molecular-weight
gelator
(LMWG)
was
found
self-assemble
into
nanofibrillar
networks
deep
eutectic
solvents
(DES)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
(PEDOT):
chondroitin
sulfate
dispersions.
These
displayed
excellent
injectability
self-healing
properties,
high
conductivity
(up
10-2
S
cm-1
),
good
biocompatibility,
fluorescence
imaging
ability.
This
set
features
turns
eutectogels
promising
adaptive
bioimaging
electrostimulation
applications.
Advanced Materials Technologies,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(7)
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023
Abstract
Ionic
conductors
have
a
wide
range
of
development
prospects
in
the
field
flexible
wearable
electronics.
The
polymerizable
deep
eutectic
solvent
is
more
economical,
resistant
to
extreme
temperature,
and
less
toxic
than
traditional
hydrogels
ionic
liquids.
In
this
paper,
supramolecular
gel
prepared
by
introducing
glycol/choline
chloride
into
acrylamide/choline
as
“hydrogen
bond
cross‐linking
density
regulator”.
Deep
solvents
give
gels
ability
resist
low
(‐25
°C)
high
(60
temperatures.
By
2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic
acid
gel,
adhesion
on
copper
sheet
can
reach
90
kPa
shows
good
reusability.
Due
complex
hydrogen
interaction
it
has
mechanical
properties
(strain
up
2300%,
stress
0.21
MPa).
addition,
conductivity
0.22
ms
cm
−1
due
presence
choline
chloride.
since
polymerization
triggered
quickly
under
UV
light,
allowed
us
print
any
shape
surface.
Such
with
self‐adhesion,
intrinsic
conductivity,
excellent
temperature
resistance
may
applications
motion
sensors.
Materials Horizons,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
10(7), С. 2516 - 2524
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Deep
Eutectic
Solvents
(DES)
are
a
new
class
of
ionic
conductive
compounds
attracting
significant
attention
as
greener
alternatives
to
costly
liquids.
Herein,
we
developed
novel
mixed
ionic-electronic
conducting
materials
by
simple
mixing
poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate)
(PEDOT:PSS)
and
various
DES
additives.
The
addition
induces
the
supramolecular
assembly
gelification
PEDOT:PSS
forming
eutectogels
triggered
extensive
hydrogen
bonding
charge
stabilization.
feature
boosts
conductivity
up
368
S
cm-1,
unveiling
great
potential
flexible
bioelectronics.
All
PEDOT:PSS/DES
gels
showed
shear-thinning
behavior
viscosity
values
ranging
from
100
1000
Pa
s.
show
good
injectability
with
almost
instantaneous
elastic
recovery,
making
them
ideal
for
direct
ink
writing
(DIW).
As
proof
that,
(choline
chloride:lactic
acid)
was
3D
printed
in
different
patterns,
annealed
at
high
temperature,
assembled
into
adhesive
electrodes.
This
way
tattoos-like
electrodes,
denoted
Eutecta2
were
fabricated
placed
vivo
on
forearm
thumb
human
volunteers
electromyography
measurements.
hexagonal
patterns
excellent
conformability,
their
signal-to-noise
ratio
(SNR)
higher
than
Ag/AgCl
commercial
electrodes
motion
Furthermore,
measured
after
14
days
similar
SNR,
demonstrating
long-term
stability
reusability.
all,
our
findings
revealed
that
could
be
used
inexpensive
safe
additives
self-assembly
inks
