Electroless Plating on Polymer Surfaces: Comprehensive Review of Mechanism, Process, Analysis, and Future Applications
Advanced Materials Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Abstract
Electroless
plating
is
a
solution‐based
metal
deposition
technique
through
redox
reaction,
without
external
power.
Due
to
its
simple,
versatile,
and
low‐cost
process,
coupled
with
high
compatibility
various
metals,
electroless
has
become
key
technology
in
many
industrial
fields
such
as
electronics,
automotive,
aerospace,
biomedical
engineering.
Recent
advances
have
enabled
sophisticated
on
polymers
three‐dimensional
surfaces,
making
it
prominent
emerging
selective
laser
sintering,
additive
manufacturing,
wearable
technology.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
overview
of
plating,
from
core
theory
the
latest
research
trends.
Initially,
detailed
mechanism
described,
followed
by
an
examination
process.
Then,
compositions
typical
bath
are
introduced,
critical
operating
parameters
categorized.
Next,
evaluation
factors
plated
surfaces
discussed,
along
current
limitations
Finally,
applications
studied
date
presented,
future
directions
for
this
suggested.
Язык: Английский
Numerical investigation into the transition of electrohydrodynamic spraying modes and behaviors
Physics of Fluids,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(10)
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Electrohydrodynamic
(EHD)
spraying
is
an
interesting
phenomenon
where
the
liquid
subjected
to
electrical
stress
deforms
into
electrified
drop,
a
thin
jet,
or
so-called
Taylor
cone,
which
also
highly
complicated
owing
its
various
modes
and
behaviors.
Due
lack
of
critical
information
such
as
electric
charge
density
internal
velocity
profile,
underlying
physics
behind
transition
different
EHD
are
still
not
adequately
understood.
In
light
this,
we
conducted
numerical
investigation
behaviors
under
three
most
important
operating
parameters
including
voltage,
nozzle
height,
flow
rate.
Four
typical
modes,
namely,
dripping,
cone-jet,
multi-jet,
jetting,
observed.
From
results,
obtained
voltage
distribution
in
environment,
at
liquid–air
interface,
profile
inside
liquid,
help
us
comprehensively
analyze
explicate
influences
these
on
This
eventually
leads
mode
map
showing
correlation
between
Bond
number.
To
best
our
knowledge,
this
first
work
focusing
mode,
from
intend
expand
knowledge
phenomenon.
Язык: Английский
Microfabricated Conductive PEDOT:PSS Hydrogels for Soft Electronics
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Язык: Английский
A three-dimensional numerical model for the simulation of electrohydrodynamic varicose and whipping instabilities
Applied Mathematical Modelling,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 116133 - 116133
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Micro-cylindrical temperature sensors array via conformal electrohydrodynamic printing
Science China Technological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
68(5)
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025
Язык: Английский
Microscale Templating of Functional Particles Using Self‐Limiting Electrospray Deposition
Small,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2024
Electrospray
deposition
(ESD)
uses
strong
electric
fields
applied
to
solutions
and
dispersions
exiting
a
capillary
produce
charged
monodisperse
droplets
driven
toward
grounded
targets.
Self-limiting
electrospray
(SLED)
is
phenomenon
in
which
highly
directed,
uniform,
even
3D
coatings
can
be
achieved
by
trapping
charge
the
deposited
film,
redirecting
field
lines
uncoated
regions
of
target.
However,
when
inorganic
particles
are
added
SLED
sprays,
buildup
required
repel
incoming
material
disrupted
as
particle
loading
increases.
Due
its
fibril
gelling
behavior,
methylcellulose
(MC)
form
nanowire
morphologies.
These
wires,
used
binder,
separate
prevent
percolation.
In
this
work,
variety
conductive
insulating
explored
using
patterned
un-patterned
substrates.
This
exploration
allows
us
maximally
load
for
high-concentration
controlled
self-limiting
functional
sprays.
demonstrated
Ti
Язык: Английский