Frontiers in Physiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2024
In
recent
years,
high-density
microelectrode
arrays
(HD-MEAs)
have
emerged
as
a
valuable
tool
in
preclinical
research
for
characterizing
the
electrophysiology
of
human
induced
pluripotent
stem-cell-derived
cardiomyocytes
(iPSC-CMs).
HD-MEAs
enable
capturing
both
extracellular
and
intracellular
signals
on
large
scale,
while
minimizing
potential
damage
to
cell.
However,
despite
technological
advancements
HD-MEAs,
there
is
lack
effective
data-analysis
platforms
that
are
capable
processing
analyzing
data,
particularly
context
cardiac
arrhythmias
drug
testing.
Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
44(11), С. e1446232023 - e1446232023
Опубликована: Март 13, 2024
The
axon
is
a
neuronal
structure
capable
of
processing,
encoding,
and
transmitting
information.
This
assessment
contrasts
with
limiting,
but
deeply
rooted,
perspective
where
the
functions
solely
as
transmission
cable
somatodendritic
activity,
sending
signals
in
form
stereotypical
action
potentials.
arose,
at
least
partially,
because
technical
difficulties
probing
axons:
their
extreme
length-to-diameter
ratio
intricate
growth
paths
preclude
study
dynamics
through
traditional
techniques.
Recent
findings
are
challenging
this
view
revealing
much
larger
repertoire
axonal
computations.
Axons
display
complex
signaling
processes
structure–function
relationships,
which
can
be
modulated
via
diverse
activity-dependent
mechanisms.
Additionally,
axons
exhibit
patterns
activity
that
dramatically
different
from
those
corresponding
soma.
Not
surprisingly,
many
these
recent
discoveries
have
been
driven
by
novel
technology
developments,
allow
for
vitro
electrophysiology
unprecedented
spatiotemporal
resolution
signal-to-noise
ratio.
In
review,
we
outline
state-of-the-art
toolset
summarize
function
it
has
enabled.
We
also
review
increasing
microtechnologies
controlling
guidance
which,
combination
available
cutting-edge
imaging
approaches,
potential
more
controlled
high-throughput
studies.
anticipate
adoption
new
technologies
neuroscience
community
will
drive
era
experimental
opportunities
physiology
consequently,
function.
Abstract
The
electrophysiological
technology
having
a
high
spatiotemporal
resolution
at
the
single‐cell
level
and
noninvasive
measurements
of
large
areas
provide
insights
on
underlying
neuronal
function.
Here,
complementary
metal‐oxide
semiconductor
(CMOS)‐microelectrode
array
(MEA)
is
used
that
uses
236
880
electrodes
each
with
an
electrode
size
11.22
×
µm
covering
wide
area
5.5
5.9
mm
in
presenting
detailed
single‐cell‐level
neural
activity
analysis
platform
for
brain
slices,
human
iPS
cell‐derived
cortical
networks,
peripheral
neurons,
organoids.
Propagation
pattern
characteristics
between
regions
changes
synaptic
propagation
into
compounds
based
time‐series
patterns,
classification
single
DRG
neuron
firing
patterns
compound
responses,
axonal
conduction
to
anticancer
drugs,
network
activities
transition
organoids
are
extracted.
This
using
CMOS‐MEA
provides
new
understanding
basic
mechanisms
circuits
vitro
ex
vivo,
neurological
diseases
drug
discovery,
toxicity
assessment.
ACS Applied Electronic Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025
Developing
the
in
vitro
cardiac
sensing
platform
is
promising
to
study
physiology,
disease
mechanisms,
drug
development,
and
personalized
medicine.
Changes
electrophysiological
activity
contractile
strength
of
cardiomyocytes
are
particularly
important
for
generating
accurate
platforms.
Existing
platforms
generally
have
situ
capabilities
capture
changes
or
mechanical
behavior
cardiomyocytes.
However,
still
face
challenges
high-throughput
detection
simultaneous
mechano-electrophysiological
detection.
This
review
covers
latest
progress
shortcomings
from
single
physiological
parameter
Finally,
we
discuss
future
prospects
cardiomyocyte
order
achieve
a
more
efficient
facilitate
heart
research
screening.
Abstract
In
situ
physiological
signals
of
in
vitro
neural
disease
models
are
essential
for
studying
pathogenesis
and
drug
screening.
Currently,
an
increasing
number
established
using
human‐induced
pluripotent
stem
cell
(hiPSC)
derived
neurons
(hiPSC‐DNs)
to
overcome
interspecific
gene
expression
differences.
Microelectrode
arrays
(MEAs)
can
be
readily
interfaced
with
two‐dimensional
(2D),
more
recently,
three‐dimensional
(3D)
cell‐derived
the
human
brain
monitor
their
activity
real
time.
Therefore,
MEAs
emerging
useful
tools
model
neurological
disorders
iPSCs.
This
is
enabling
a
real‐time
window
into
neuronal
signaling
at
network
scale
from
patient
derived.
paper
provides
comprehensive
review
MEA's
role
analyzing
by
hiPSC‐DNs.
It
covers
significance
MEA
fabrication,
surface
structure
modification
schemes
hiPSC‐DNs
culturing
signal
detection.
Additionally,
this
discusses
advances
development
use
technology
study
models,
including
epilepsy,
autism
spectrum
developmental
disorder
(ASD),
others
The
also
highlights
application
combined
detecting
neurotoxic
substances.
Finally,
future
outlook
multifunctional
integrated
devices
medical
diagnostics
treatment
discussed.
Abstract
Organoids
have
gained
significant
interest
due
to
their
ability
recapitulate
the
structural,
molecular,
and
functional
complexity
of
corresponding
organs.
While
methods
been
developed
characterize
benchmark
organoid
structural
molecular
properties,
capturing
development
maturation
organoids
remains
challenging.
To
address
this,
multifunctional
bioelectronics
for
interfacing
with
has
actively
pursued.
However,
conventional
electronics
face
limitations
in
achieving
recording
control
across
entire
three-dimensional
(3D)
volume
a
long-term
stable
manner
large
morphological
cellular
composition
changes
during
development.
In
this
review,
we
first
discuss
application
interfacing.
We
then
focus
on
flexible
stretchable
designed
create
organoid/electronics
hybrids
chronically
interfaces.
also
review
recent
advancements
charting
multimodal
cell
activities
throughout
Furthermore,
explore
integration
other
characterization
modalities
comprehensive
cells
within
3D
tissues.
Finally,
potential
integrating
artificial
intelligence
into
system
through
embedded
electronics,
harnessing
biosymbiotic
computational
systems.
These
could
provide
valuable
tools
characterizing
maturation,
establishing
patient-specific
models,
developing
therapeutic
opportunities,
exploring
novel
strategies.
Graphical
abstract
An
in
vitro
Au
multi-electrode
array
was
fabricated
with
a
50
nm-thick
indium–tin
oxide
track
layer
and
passivation
stack
of
plasma-enhanced
atomic
layer-deposited
Al
2
O
3
(40
nm)
HfO
(20
nm),
modified
nanoporous
structure.
