IntechOpen eBooks,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2024
The
necessity
for
freshwater
is
growing
as
the
global
population
continues
to
expand.
One
of
practices
scientific
community
has
proposed
address
present
crisis
water
desalination.
This
process
promotes
production
fresh
from
salty
water.
Due
significance
high
salt
removal
efficiency,
cheap
cost,
minimal
environmental
effect,
and
comparatively
low
energy
requirement,
adsorption
considered
a
potential
method
Predominantly,
techniques
do
not
use
chemicals.
Among
frequently
studied
adsorbents
desalination
are
activated
carbons,
zeolites,
carbon
nanomaterials,
graphene,
metal
or
covalent
organic
framework
materials.
These
materials
exhibit
various
capabilities
in
terms
rate,
capacity,
stability,
recyclability.
Carbon
nanotubes
(CNTs)
two
next-generation
that
show
numerous
functions
with
increased
transport
capabilities,
play
significant
role
have
been
very
appealing
enhancers
process.
However,
most
functional
drawbacks,
including
need
specialized
synthesis
methods,
agglomeration,
leaching,
issues
related
environment
human
health.
chapter
will
focus
on
current
trends
adsorbent
material
development
evaluate
recent
their
properties,
which
might
help
design
an
engineering
application
standpoint.
Abstract
Silver
(Ag)
is
deemed
a
promising
anode
material
for
capacitive
deionization
(CDI)
due
to
its
high
theoretical
capacity
and
efficient
selectivity
Cl
−
.
However,
the
strong
volume
change
during
conversion
reaction
significantly
undermines
cycling
performance
of
Ag
electrode.
Additionally,
achieving
well‐dispersed
in
active
matrix
challenging,
as
electrodes
prepared
by
conventional
thermal
reduction
tend
agglomerate.
Herein,
organic
linker
confinement
strategy
proposed,
applying
metal–organic
framework
(MOF)
chemistry
between
nodes
ligands
construct
Ag‐based
MOF.
The
uniform
dispersion
at
molecular
level,
confined
matrix,
efficiently
enhances
utilization
sites,
strengthens
interfacial
stability
Ag.
Consequently,
Ag‐MOF
CDI
exhibits
an
excellent
removal
121.52
mg
g
−1
20
mA
500
L
NaCl
solution,
rate
60.54%.
After
100
cycles,
retention
96.93%
achieved.
Furthermore,
capture
mechanism
elucidated
through
density
functional
theory
(DFT)
calculations,
ex
situ
XRD,
Raman
XPS.
This
ingenious
electrode
design
can
offer
valuable
insights
development
high‐performance
applications.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2024
Abstract
Unraveling
the
fundamental
mechanisms
of
sodium
ion
adsorption
behavior
is
crucial
for
guiding
design
electrode
materials
and
enhancing
performance
capacitive
deionization
systems.
Herein,
optimization
systematically
investigated
through
robust
d–d
orbital
interactions
within
zinc‐doped
iron
carbide,
facilitated
by
a
novel
liquid
nitrogen
quenching
treatment.
Liquid
treatment
can
enhance
coordination
number,
strengthen
interactions,
promote
electron
transfer,
shift
d‐band
center
Fe
closer
to
Fermi
level,
thereby
ions
energy.
Consequently,
obtained
material
achieves
superior
gravimetric
capacity
121.1
mg
g
−1
attractive
cyclic
durability.
The
highly
competitive
compared
vast
majority
related
research
works
in
field
deionization.
Furthermore,
adsorption/desorption
are
substantiated
ex
situ
techniques,
revealing
dynamic
atomic
electronic
structure
evolutions
under
operational
conditions.
This
work
demonstrates
that
optimizing
via
modulation
enabled
an
effective
approach
developing
efficient
materials.
