Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 123(23), С. 12795 - 13208

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2023

Transition metal borides, carbides, pnictides, and chalcogenides (X-ides) have emerged as a class of materials for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Because their high earth abundance, electrical conductivity, OER performance, these electrocatalysts potential to enable practical application green energy conversion storage. Under potentials, X-ide demonstrate various degrees oxidation resistance due differences in chemical composition, crystal structure, morphology. Depending on oxidation, catalysts will fall into one three post-OER electrocatalyst categories: fully oxidized oxide/(oxy)hydroxide material, partially core@shell unoxidized material. In past ten years (from 2013 2022), over 890 peer-reviewed research papers focused electrocatalysts. Previous review provided limited conclusions omitted significance "catalytically active sites/species/phases" this review, comprehensive summary (i) experimental parameters (e.g., substrates, loading amounts, geometric overpotentials, Tafel slopes, etc.) (ii) electrochemical stability tests post-analyses publications from 2022 is provided. Both mono polyanion X-ides are discussed classified with respect material transformation during OER. Special analytical techniques employed study reconstruction also evaluated. Additionally, future challenges questions yet be answered each section. This aims provide researchers toolkit approach showcase necessary avenues investigation.

Язык: Английский