Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
35(25)
Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2022
Abstract
Substituting
toxic
lead
with
tin
(Sn)
in
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
is
the
most
promising
route
toward
development
of
high‐efficiency
lead‐free
devices.
Despite
encouraging
efficiencies
Sn‐PSCs,
they
are
still
yet
to
surpass
15%
and
suffer
detrimental
oxidation
Sn(II)
Sn(IV).
Since
their
first
application
2014,
investigations
into
properties
Sn‐PSCs
have
contributed
a
growing
understanding
mechanisms,
both
complementary
stability.
This
review
summarizes
evolution
including
early
developments
latest
state‐of‐the‐art
approaches
benefitting
stability
The
degradation
pathways
associated
outlined,
followed
by
describing
how
composition
engineering
(A,
B
site
modifications),
additive
(oxidation
prevention),
interface
(passivation
strategies)
can
be
employed
as
different
avenues
improve
knowledge
about
these
also
not
limited
PSCs
applicable
other
types
devices
now
employing
Sn‐based
absorber
layers.
A
detailed
analysis
materials
chemistry
reveals
clear
set
design
rules
for
stable
Sn‐PSCs.
Applying
strategies
highlighted
this
will
essential
further
efficiency
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025
All-perovskite
tandem
solar
cells
(APTSCs)
offer
the
potential
to
surpass
Shockley-Queisser
limit
of
single-junction
at
low
cost.
However,
high-performance
APTSCs
contain
unstable
methylammonium
(MA)
cation
in
tin-lead
(Sn-Pb)
narrow
bandgap
subcells.
Currently,
MA-free
Sn-Pb
perovskite
(PSCs)
show
lower
performance
compared
with
their
MA-containing
counterparts.
This
is
due
high
trap
density
associated
Sn2+
oxidation,
which
exacerbated
by
rapid
crystallization
Sn-containing
perovskite.
Here,
a
multifunctional
additive
rubidium
acetate
(RbAC)
proposed
passivate
We
find
that
RbAC
can
suppress
alleviate
microstrain,
and
improve
crystallinity
Consequently,
resultant
PSCs
achieve
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
23.02%,
an
open
circuit
voltage
(Voc)
0.897
V,
filling
factor
(FF)
80.64%,
more
importantly
stability
device
significantly
improved.
When
further
integrated
1.79-electron
volt
wide-bandgap
PSC,
29.33%
(certified
28.11%)
efficient
Voc
2.22
volts
achieved.
The
tin
(II)
oxidation
impacts
cation-free
cells.
authors
employ
for
defect
passivation
stable
all-perovskite
Advanced Energy Materials,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(30)
Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2022
Abstract
Pb‐based
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
as
one
of
the
most
promising
photovoltaic
technologies
for
commercialization
have
attracted
tremendous
attention
in
recent
years.
However,
toxicity
and
leakage
heavy
metal
Pb
from
film
become
critical
obstacles
eco‐friendly
development.
Extreme
weather
conditions
such
rain,
high
temperature,
or
strong
sunlight
may
accelerate
undesired
decomposition
cause
inevitable
contamination
ecosystem,
which
results
a
potential
threat
to
animals
environment.
In
this
review,
guidelines
successfully
managing
PSCs
are
provided
open
pathway
toward
sustainable
First,
toxicological
research
that
can
health
problems
humans
contaminate
environment
is
discussed.
Then,
mechanism
pathways
under
simulated
environments
terms
moisture,
illumination
briefly
reviewed.
Moreover,
strategies
inhibit
including
physical
sequestration,
chemical
adsorption,
component
substitution
engineering
systematically
summarized.
Finally,
different
achieving
goal
recycling
utilization
analyzed.
With
comprehensive
understanding
these
effects,
rational
management
be
made
development
emerging
field.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
35(25)
Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2022
Abstract
Substituting
toxic
lead
with
tin
(Sn)
in
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
is
the
most
promising
route
toward
development
of
high‐efficiency
lead‐free
devices.
Despite
encouraging
efficiencies
Sn‐PSCs,
they
are
still
yet
to
surpass
15%
and
suffer
detrimental
oxidation
Sn(II)
Sn(IV).
Since
their
first
application
2014,
investigations
into
properties
Sn‐PSCs
have
contributed
a
growing
understanding
mechanisms,
both
complementary
stability.
This
review
summarizes
evolution
including
early
developments
latest
state‐of‐the‐art
approaches
benefitting
stability
The
degradation
pathways
associated
outlined,
followed
by
describing
how
composition
engineering
(A,
B
site
modifications),
additive
(oxidation
prevention),
interface
(passivation
strategies)
can
be
employed
as
different
avenues
improve
knowledge
about
these
also
not
limited
PSCs
applicable
other
types
devices
now
employing
Sn‐based
absorber
layers.
A
detailed
analysis
materials
chemistry
reveals
clear
set
design
rules
for
stable
Sn‐PSCs.
Applying
strategies
highlighted
this
will
essential
further
efficiency
