It
is
highly
desired
to
get
rid
of
the
high-temperature
annealing
process
in
manufacturing
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
reduce
production
costs.
Herein,
films
are
designed
by
rapidly
evaporating
a
mixture
solvent
consisting
methylamine
ethanol
solution
(MA-EtOH
sol)
and
acetonitrile
(ACN)
(MA-EtOH-ACN)
dopping
different
amounts
formamidinium
iodide
(FAI)
into
CH3NH2PbI3
(MAPbI3)
precursor
solution;
as
result,
step
effectively
eliminated
while
cell
efficiency
remains
unchanged.
The
situ
UV-vis
absorption
for
monitoring
crystallization
shows
that
FAI
retards
rate,
leading
dense
smooth
film.
also
found
synergistic
effect
composition
engineering
reduces
defect
density,
boosts
strength,
enhances
film
stability.
Consequently,
high-performance
ITO/SnO2/FA0.05MA0.95PbI3/carbon
device
obtained
with
high
18.74%,
an
excellent
short
circuit
current
25.04
mA
cm-2,
open
voltage
1.16
V,
fill
factor
64.53%.
carbon-based
exhibit
outstanding
This
strategy
offers
reference
producing
efficient
stable
straightforward
ink
method.
ACS Applied Energy Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
The
defect
formation
energy
of
perovskites
is
low,
and
ions
can
easily
migrate
evaporate
during
annealing
usage.
Here,
we
introduce
5-aminopyridine-2-carboxylic
acid
(5-APA)
for
modifying
the
perovskite
layer
to
enhance
device
efficiency
stability.
pyridine
N
carbonyl
(C═O)
form
strong
anchoring
effects
with
uncoordinated
Pb2+,
effectively
suppressing
nonradiative
recombination.
Simultaneously,
amino
group
(−NH2)
forms
hydrogen
bonds
organic
cations
in
film
bind
VMA
VFA
vacancies,
thereby
significantly
enhancing
stability
device.
After
surface
modification,
crystallinity
was
improved,
level
alignment
C60
optimized.
Specifically,
VOC
modified
increases
from
1.09
1.17
V,
PCE
reaches
24.19%.
aging
1000
h
at
85
°C
a
nitrogen
atmosphere,
remains
81%,
while
unmodified
retains
only
51%.
Additionally,
sunlight
air
simulated
30
days.
82%,
compared
52%
Our
findings
fully
demonstrate
significant
effect
multifunctional
derivative
modification
solar
cells.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025
Perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
have
emerged
as
a
promising
photovoltaic
technology
due
to
their
long
carrier
diffusion
lengths,
tunable
bandgaps,
and
high
light
absorption
coefficients.
However,
instability
remains
significant
barrier
commercialization.
In
this
study,
we
introduce
two
carbonyl
small
molecule
additives
with
varying
fluorine
atom
counts:
4,5-difluoro-phthalic
anhydride
(2FPA)
tetrafluorophthalic
(4FPA).
The
atoms
groups
interact
passivate
defects
in
the
perovskite
structure.
strong
interaction
between
4FPA
facilitates
slow
crystal
growth
effective
defect
passivation,
significantly
suppressing
nonradiative
recombination
enhancing
transport
efficiency.
Consequently,
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
of
PSCs
incorporating
has
improved
from
21.49
23.21%.
Additionally,
additive
FA+
form
hydrogen
bonds
coordinate
Pb2+,
thereby
device
stability.
unencapsulated
conditions,
after
approximately
1000
h
ambient
air
50
60%
humidity,
retains
87%
its
initial
Advanced Energy Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025
Abstract
The
unavoidable
migration
of
organic
cation
within
formamidinium
(FA)‐based
mixed
halide
perovskite
leads
to
severe
phase
segregation
and
device
degradation.
intrinsic
weak
chemical
bond
between
[PbI
6
]
4−
octahedra
can
easily
break
during
operation,
resulting
in
the
formation
vacancies
undesirable
structural
transformation.
In
this
work,
a
pyrrolidine
compound
is
incorporated,
with
strong
electron‐withdrawing
fluorine
substitution,
which
strengthened
lattice
octahedra.
Meanwhile,
1D/3D
heterojunction
films
are
also
achieved
due
reaction
PbI
2
pyrrolidine,
successfully
constructing
new
1D
such
as
PYFPbI
3
.
resultant
hetero‐perovskite
retained
their
photoactive‐α
even
after
eight
days
ambient
exposure,
demonstrating
superior
stability
without
any
post‐encapsulation.
More
importantly,
ion‐migration
channels
inside
effectively
blocked
by
heterojunctions.
rigid
flexible
solar
cells
exhibited
an
enhanced
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
from
initial
24.48%
25.39%,
well
23.86%
24.26%,
respectively,
among
highest
records
1D/3D‐based
works.
Furthermore,
unencapsulated
devices
90%
PCE
maximum
point
tracking
for
over
350
hours
under
continuous
illuminations.
It
is
highly
desired
to
get
rid
of
the
high-temperature
annealing
process
in
manufacturing
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
reduce
production
costs.
Herein,
films
are
designed
by
rapidly
evaporating
a
mixture
solvent
consisting
methylamine
ethanol
solution
(MA-EtOH
sol)
and
acetonitrile
(ACN)
(MA-EtOH-ACN)
dopping
different
amounts
formamidinium
iodide
(FAI)
into
CH3NH2PbI3
(MAPbI3)
precursor
solution;
as
result,
step
effectively
eliminated
while
cell
efficiency
remains
unchanged.
The
situ
UV-vis
absorption
for
monitoring
crystallization
shows
that
FAI
retards
rate,
leading
dense
smooth
film.
also
found
synergistic
effect
composition
engineering
reduces
defect
density,
boosts
strength,
enhances
film
stability.
Consequently,
high-performance
ITO/SnO2/FA0.05MA0.95PbI3/carbon
device
obtained
with
high
18.74%,
an
excellent
short
circuit
current
25.04
mA
cm-2,
open
voltage
1.16
V,
fill
factor
64.53%.
carbon-based
exhibit
outstanding
This
strategy
offers
reference
producing
efficient
stable
straightforward
ink
method.
