Molecules,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
30(11), С. 2391 - 2391
Опубликована: Май 30, 2025
Hydrogen-centered
electrochemical
technologies
play
a
vital
role
in
sustainable
energy
conversion
and
storage.
One
of
the
challenges
achieving
cheap
hydrogen
is
to
bridge
gap
between
advanced
electrocatalysts
highly
effective
electrodes.
The
key
lies
designing
with
high
intrinsic
activity
understanding
structure–activity
relationship
water
electrolysis.
Being
proposed
as
promising
electrocatalysts,
bulk
oxides,
their
compositional
crystal
structure
flexibility,
provide
good
platform
for
studying
correlation
electronic
also
screening
superior
catalysts
In
this
review,
we
discuss
recent
developments
oxide
relationship.
Firstly,
present
thorough
overview
advances
from
both
theoretical
experimental
aspects.
Subsequently,
highlight
design
principles
guidance
promoting
performance.
Finally,
remaining
perspectives
about
field
are
presented.
This
review
aims
electrolysis
large-scale
green
supply.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 3, 2025
Abstract
Oxygen
electrocatalysis
is
a
core
reaction
in
renewable
energy
devices,
greatly
promoting
the
transformation
and
upgrading
of
structure.
Nonetheless,
performance
conversion
devices
hindered
by
large
overpotential
slow
kinetics
oxygen
electrocatalytic
reactions.
Recently,
single‐atom
catalysts
(SACs)
have
emerged
as
promising
contenders
field
because
their
exceptional
metal
atom
utilization,
distinctive
coordination
environment,
adjustable
electronic
properties.
This
review
presents
latest
advancements
design
Co‐based
SACs
for
electrocatalysis.
First,
OER
ORR
mechanisms
are
introduced.
Subsequently,
strategies
regulating
structure
summarized
three
aspects,
including
centers,
support
carriers.
A
particular
emphasis
given
to
relationship
between
properties
catalysts.
Afterward,
applications
explored.
Ultimately,
challenges
prospects
prospected.
The
past
decade
has
seen
significant
progress
in
proton
exchange
membrane
water
electrolyzers
(PEMWE),
but
the
growing
demand
for
cost-effective
electrolytic
hydrogen
pushes
higher
efficiency
at
lower
costs.
As
a
complex
system,
performance
of
PEMWE
is
governed
by
combination
multiscale
factors.
This
review
summarizes
latest
from
quantum
to
macroscopic
scales.
At
level,
electron
spin
configurations
can
be
optimized
enhance
catalytic
activity.
nano
and
meso
scales,
advancements
atomic
structure
optimization,
crystal
phase
engineering,
heterostructure
design
improve
mass
transport.
macro
scale,
innovative
techniques
gas
bubble
management
internal
resistance
reduction
drive
further
gains
under
ampere-level
operating
conditions.
These
modifications
level
cascade
through
meso-
macro-scales,
affecting
charge
transfer,
reaction
kinetics,
evolution
management.
Unlike
conventional
approaches
that
focus
solely
on
one
scale-either
catalyst
(e.g.,
atomic,
or
modifications)
device
porous
transport
layers
design)-combining
optimizations
unlocks
greater
improvements.
Finally,
perspective
future
opportunities
engineering
anode
toward
commercial
viability
offered.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 20, 2025
Phase
transition
engineering
of
metal–organic
frameworks
(MOFs)
presents
a
promising
strategy
for
enhancing
electrocatalytic
performance
in
water
splitting
applications.
In
this
study,
we
demonstrate
controlled
phase
to
synthesize
multiphase
composite
(op&cp)
composed
open
(op)
and
closed
(cp)
through
precise
desolvation
treatment.
When
used
as
an
alkaline
electrocatalyst,
op&cp
exhibits
exceptional
oxygen
evolution
reaction
(OER)
performance,
achieving
remarkably
low
overpotential
140
mV
under
10
mA
cm–2
maintaining
stable
operation
over
75
h
at
100
cm–2.
situ
Raman
spectroscopy
X-ray
photoelectron
show
that
the
catalytically
active
substance
NiOOH
is
formed
on
engineered
with
lower
potential
(1.2
V
vs
RHE)
than
single-phase
material
(1.3
RHE).
This
work
establishes
viable
improving
MOF-based
catalysis
explores
fundamental
mechanism
dynamic
sites
during
OER.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Abstract
In
water
electrolysis,
the
long‐term
stability
of
anodes
is
compromised
by
their
degradation
under
oxidative
conditions.
This
issue
becomes
more
pronounced
in
seawater
where
natural
chloride
ion
(Cl
−
)
induces
chlorine
evolution
reaction
(ClER)
to
produce
corrosive
byproducts.
Herein,
a
series
small
organic
molecules
(SOMs),
featuring
an
aromatic
carbon
ring
with
para‐positioned
carbonyl
groups,
are
integrated
conventional
nickel‐iron
(Ni‐Fe)
based
anode.
integration
triggers
unique
electron
buffering
effect
address
anode
seawater‐based
electrolytes.
It
found
that
preferential
adsorption
Cl
onto
SOMs
prevents
its
direct
interaction
metal
active
sites.
Furthermore,
SOM‐Cl
serving
as
group
significantly
reduces
dissolution
Fe
sites
highly
environment.
As
result,
SOM‐Cl‐engineered
enhances
oxygen
activity
≈1.7
times
compared
pure
water.
addition,
rationally
designed
works
stably
for
over
200
h
at
high
current
density
1.3
A
cm
−2
alkaline
electrolyzer
(ASE).
