Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org – a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family

Willdenowia - Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 51(2)

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2021

This data paper presents a largely phylogeny-based online taxonomic backbone for the Cactaceae compiled from literature and sources using tools of EDIT Platform Cybertaxonomy. The will form contribution Caryophyllales Network World Flora Online serve as base further integration research results systematic community. final aim is to treat all effectively published scientific names in family. checklist includes 150 accepted genera, 1851 species, 91 hybrids, 746 infraspecific taxa (458 heterotypic, 288 with autonyms), 17,932 synonyms taxa, 16 definitely excluded names, 389 uncertain application, 672 unresolved 454 belonging (probably artificial) named totalling 22,275 names. process compiling this database described editorial rules compilation are proposed. A depicting current state provided supplemental material. All also available on website be constantly updated expanded future. Citation: Korotkova N., Aquino D., Arias S., Eggli U., Franck A., Gómez-Hinostrosa C., Guerrero P. Hernández H. M., Kohlbecker Köhler Luther K., Majure L. Müller Metzing Nyffeler R., Sánchez Schlumpberger B. & Berendsohn W. G. 2021: at Caryophyllales.org – dynamic species-level Willdenowia 51: 251–270. Version record first 31 August 2021 ahead inclusion issue. Data through: http://caryophyllales.org/cactaceae/Checklist

Язык: Английский

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Insights Into Chloroplast Genome Evolution Across Opuntioideae (Cactaceae) Reveals Robust Yet Sometimes Conflicting Phylogenetic Topologies

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2020

Chloroplast genomes are frequently treated as highly conserved among plants. However, many lineages of vascular plants have experienced structural rearrangements, including inversions and modifications to the size content genes. Cacti one these lineages, containing smallest plastome known for an obligately photosynthetic angiosperm, loss copy inverted repeat ndh gene suite, but only a few cacti from subfamily Cactoideae been characterized. Here, we investigated variation sequences across second-major lineage Cactaceae, Opuntioideae, address 1) how variable is arrangement chloroplast genome subfamily, 2) phylogenetically informative resolving major relationships clades Opuntioideae. Our de novo assembly Opuntia quimilo recovered organelle 150,347 bp in length with both copies presence all suite. An expansion large single unit reduction small was observed, translocations inversion genes well putative pseudogenization some loci. Comparative analyses within Opuntioideae suggested that structure vary taxa this independent losses suite disparate further demonstrating dynamic nature plastomes Cactaceae. dataset robust three tribes high support Opuntioideae: Cylindropuntieae, Tephrocacteae Opuntieae. conflicting topologies were when exploring different assemblies markers. A plastome-wide survey phylogenetic markers revealed previously unused regions future use Sanger-based studies, presenting valuable primers designed continued evolutionary studies These results bring new insights into evolution cacti, suggesting should be carried out ecological drivers, physiological constraints morphological traits may related common rearrangements reported family.

Язык: Английский

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Pleistocene aridification underlies the evolutionary history of the Caribbean endemic, insular, giant Consolea (Opuntioideae)

American Journal of Botany, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 108(2), С. 200 - 215

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2021

Premise The Caribbean islands are in the top five biodiversity hotspots on planet; however, biogeographic history of seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) there is poorly studied. Consolea consists nine species dioecious, hummingbird‐pollinated tree cacti endemic to West Indies, which form a conspicuous element SDTF. Several threatened by anthropogenic disturbance, disease, sea‐level rise, and invasive conservation concern. However, no comprehensive phylogeny yet exists for clade. Methods We reconstructed , sampling all using plastomic data determine relationships, understand evolution key morphological characters, test their history. estimated divergence times role climate change may have played shaping current diversity Results appears evolved very recently during latter part Pleistocene Cuba/Hispaniola likely from South American ancestor and, there, moved into Bahamas, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Florida, Lesser Antilles. growth synapomorphy aided establishment diversification Conclusions aridification associated with glaciation insular gigantism been innovation leading success these invade often‐dense This in‐situ radiation provides window generation complexity SDTF community within

Язык: Английский

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Molecular phylogeny of the Mammilloid clade (Cactaceae) resolves the monophyly of Mammillaria

Taxon, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 70(2), С. 308 - 323

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2021

Abstract To resolve more than 150 years of taxonomic confusion regarding the genus Mammillaria , molecular phylogeny Mammilloid clade, including genera Cochemiea Coryphantha Cumarinia Escobaria Neolloydia and Ortegocactus is reconstructed. We included broad sampling as well a regionally nearly complete taxon from Baja California region. Employing large single‐copy region plastid genome sequence data, we conducted maximum likelihood, parsimony Bayesian inference to reconstruct clade. The phylogenetic topology was further supported by reconstructing ancestral states 10 characters, which three traditionally taxonomically important characters for sampled taxa were selected. Results our analyses clarify evolutionary relationships these closely related taxa, providing high resolution with strongly clades subclades. currently circumscribed non‐monophyletic, thus, propose recircumscription clade yielding monophyletic genera, s.str., s.l. . herein make appropriate combinations accommodate circumscription genera.

Язык: Английский

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A New Approach Using Targeted Sequence Capture for Phylogenomic Studies across Cactaceae

Genes, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(2), С. 350 - 350

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

Relationships within the major clades of Cactaceae are relatively well known based on DNA sequence data mostly from chloroplast genome. Nevertheless, some nodes along backbone phylogeny, and especially generic species-level relationships, remain poorly resolved in need more informative genetic markers. In this study, we propose a new approach to solve relationships Cactaceae, applying targeted capture pipeline. We designed custom probe set for using MarkerMiner complemented it with Angiosperms353 set. then tested both sets against 36 different transcriptomes Hybpiper preferentially retaining phylogenetically loci reconstructed RAxML-NG Astral. Finally, each through sequencing 96 accessions, representing 88 species across Cactaceae. Our preliminary analyses recovered well-supported phylogeny near identical topology among clade as that plastome data. As expected, however, found incongruences when comparing our nuclear results datasets, at level. reveal great potential combination Cactaceae-specific Angiosperm353 application improve phylogenetic resolution other studies.

Язык: Английский

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Identifying the multiple drivers of cactus diversification

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024

Abstract Our understanding of the complexity forces at play in rise major angiosperm lineages remains incomplete. The diversity and heterogeneous distribution most is so extraordinary that it confounds our ability to identify simple drivers diversification. Using machine learning combination with phylogenetic modelling, we show five separate abiotic biotic variables significantly contribute diversification Cactaceae. We reconstruct a comprehensive phylogeny, build dataset 39 variables, predict central importance, while accounting for potential interactions between those variables. use state-dependent models confirm shape cactus family. Of highest importance are diurnal air temperature range, soil sand content plant size, lesser identified isothermality geographic range size. Interestingly, each estimated optimal conditions were intermediate, indicating promoted by moderate, not extreme, climates. results reveal primary diversification, need account underlying evolution lineages.

Язык: Английский

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Prickly Problems: Cylindropuntia's Low Genetic Diversity Despite Inbreeding Avoidance

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Dioecy, the separation of sexes, is found in 6% flowering plants. One widely known hypothesis suggests that it an adaptation to mitigate inbreeding. A contrary dioecy evolutionary dead end. However, contrasting patterns emerged from population genetic studies compared diversity between versus hermaphroditic species. Specifically, Silene , was shown dioecious species possess higher than species, challenging end hypothesis. To evaluate whether indeed advantageous, further are needed systems with diverse sexual such as genus Cylindropuntia (Cactaceae). It encompasses observed solely polyploids. Notably, these polyploids ( C. wolfii and chuckwallensis ) share similar ploidy, flower colors, geographic proximity, raising speculation about their shared ancestry. Moreover, has been reported have a low seed production, highlighting need assess reproductive strategies Our first goal compare among different within second investigate ancestry polyploid As struggling sexually reproduce, our third objective dominated by clonal reproduction, parameters, structure. The clonality assessed using combination field survey analysis. pattern did not support revealed no recruitment, but analysis on current adult plants showed signs clonality, suggesting this recently shifted reproduction. Results overall, had high differentiation, implying vulnerable environmental threats.

Язык: Английский

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Phylogenomics of African Melastomateae (Melastomataceae): Revisiting generic relationships, placement of three enigmatic taxa and description of two new genera

Taxon, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2025

Abstract Evolutionary relationships within the Melastomateae, a diverse tribe Melastomataceae, are not yet completely resolved, and some putatively paleoendemic taxa that might alter still unsampled. This study employs phylogenomic approach, utilizing target capture data, to revisit generic shed light on placement of three enigmatic ( Dionychastrum schliebenii , Dissotis leonensis Diss. splendens ) African Melastomateae. Using 90 accessions (64 newly sequenced), spanning known genera, unplaced phylogenetically unsampled taxa, leveraging high‐throughput sequencing Melastomataceae‐specific baits, we captured set 384 putative single‐copy protein‐coding nuclear loci. Overall, our analyses reaffirm monophyly Paleotropical its two primary lineages (Euheterotis clade, Pseudoheterotis clade), sister‐group relationship Malagasy Asian Melastomateae which nested Except for Melastomastrum Osbeckia monophyletic in analyses, rest genera previously circumscribed again recovered. For Guinea endemic create new genus Allodissotis combination . We also elevate subg. Paleodissotis rank genus, with D. from Sierra Leone as lone species, Morphologically, seed wood anatomy support their latter being sister clade. Our presents molecular insight into Uluguru Mountains (Tanzania) species revealing it eastern Dissotidendron

Язык: Английский

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Phylogenomics of One of the World’s Most Intriguing Groups of CAM Plants, the Opuntioids (Opuntioideae: Cactaceae): Adaptation to Tropical Dry Forests Helped Drive Prominent Morphological Features in the Clade

Diversity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(4), С. 570 - 570

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

Opuntioideae, composed of roughly 370 species, occur in almost every biome the Americas, from seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) to high-elevation Andean grasslands, American deserts and temperate zones. The interrelationships among three major clades Opuntioideae (Cylindropuntieae, Opuntieae Tephrocacteae) are not well resolved, thus, ancestral habitat, biogeographic history evolution morphological characters, such as large photosynthetic leaves flattened stems, poorly understood. To test their geographic origin key we built largest phylogenomic dataset for Cactaceae date using 103 plastid genes 107 taxa Opuntioideae. subfamily likely evolved South America a combination forest (SDTF)/desert habitats. most SDTF and, there, moved into desert regions, Chaco temperate/subtropical zones, while Tephrocacteae Cylindropuntieae regions SDTF, Analyses suggest that, although plesiomorphic long-lived, photosynthetically active homoplasious do represent retained plesiomorphy, is often assumed. Flattened stems synapomorphic Opuntieae, possibly representing adaptation competition light resources area.

Язык: Английский

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A Novel Divergent Geminivirus Identified in Asymptomatic New World Cactaceae Plants

Viruses, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 12(4), С. 398 - 398

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2020

Cactaceae comprise a diverse and iconic group of flowering plants which are almost exclusively indigenous to the New World. The wide variety growth forms found amongst cacti have led trafficking many species throughout world as ornamentals. Despite evolution physiological properties these having been extensively studied, little research has focused on cactus-associated viral communities. While only single-stranded RNA viruses had ever reported in cacti, here we report discovery cactus-infecting DNA viruses. These all apparently belong single divergent family Geminiviridae tentatively named Opuntia virus 1 (OpV1). A total 79 complete OpV1 genomes were recovered from 31 different cactus (belonging 20 both Cactoideae Opuntioideae clades) nine cactus-feeding cochineal insects (Dactylopius sp.) sampled USA Mexico. share > 78.4% nucleotide identity with one another < 64.9% previously characterized geminiviruses. Collectively, display evidence frequent recombination, some displaying up five recombinant regions. In case, regions span ~40% genome. We demonstrate that an infectious clone genome can replicate Nicotiana benthamiana microdasys. addition expanding inventory known infect is so distantly related other geminiviruses it likely represents new geminivirus genus. It remains be determined whether, like its hosts, geographical distribution spans globe.

Язык: Английский

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