Cardiotoxicity
is
a
prominent
cause
of
drug
withdrawal,
impacting
development
during
preclinical
and
clinical
phases,
as
well
post-market
approval.
Traditional
2-dimensional
cell
culture
models,
despite
being
resource-rich,
suffer
from
suboptimal
physiological
environment.
Animal
models
provide
an
in
vivo
setting;
however,
their
use
declining
due
to
interspecies
variability
ethical
concerns.
Cardiac
organoids,
which
are
derived
human
induced
pluripotent
stem
cells,
incorporate
genetic
information
contain
various
types
within
3-dimensional
environment
that
mimics
the
heart.
As
result,
they
becoming
increasingly
popular
for
testing.
To
effectively
cardiac
organoids
standardized
quality
assessment
crucial.
This
review
discusses
current
trends
organoid
generation
examines
recent
analytical
techniques
assessment.
Abstract
The
peripheral
nervous
system
(PNS)
is
a
fascinatingly
complex
and
crucial
component
of
the
human
body,
responsible
for
transmitting
vital
signals
throughout
body's
intricate
network
nerves.
Its
efficient
functioning
paramount
to
our
health,
with
any
dysfunction
often
resulting
in
serious
medical
conditions,
including
motor
disorders,
neurological
diseases,
psychiatric
disorders.
Recent
strides
science
technology
have
made
neuromodulation
PNS
promising
avenue
addressing
these
health
issues.
Neuromodulation
involves
modifying
nerve
activity
using
range
techniques,
such
as
electrical,
chemical,
optical,
mechanical
stimulation.
Bioelectronics
plays
critical
role
this
effort,
allowing
precise,
controlled,
sustained
stimulation
PNS.
This
paper
provides
an
overview
PNS,
discusses
current
state
devices,
presents
emerging
trends
field,
advances
wireless
power
transfer
materials,
that
are
shaping
future
neuromodulation.
Micro and Nano Systems Letters,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2024
Abstract
Organoids
are
three-dimensional
cell
clusters
derived
from
stem
cells
and
closely
resemble
the
physiological
characteristics
of
human
tissues.
As
next-generation
biological
model,
organoids
provide
new
opportunities
for
drug
discovery,
disease
modeling,
personalized
medicine.
To
fully
harness
potential
organoids,
real-time
monitoring
states
functional
evaluation
crucial.
This
review
highlights
recent
advances
in
real-time,
situ
biosensing
technologies,
including
microelectrode
arrays
electrophysiological
recordings,
chemical
sensors
biochemical
detection,
strain
mechanical
properties.
While
development
miniature
non-invasive,
long-term,
is
early
stage,
these
an
essential
part
organoid
technology
which
would
insights
into
developmental
biology,
pathophysiology,
discovery.
After
reviewing
seminal
works
on
microfabricated
we
also
outlook
field
a
discussion
remaining
challenges
future
directions
with
focus
integration
multiple
to
facilitate
research
applications.
Advanced Engineering Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
26(16)
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024
Implantable
bioelectronics
capable
of
electrophysiological
monitoring
intimately
interfacing
with
biological
tissue
have
provided
massive
information
for
profound
understanding
systems.
However,
their
invasive
nature
induces
a
potential
risk
acute
damage,
limiting
accurate
and
chronic
signals.
To
address
this
issue,
advanced
studies
developed
effective
strategies
to
engineer
the
soft,
flexible
device
using
preclinical
animal
models.
In
addition,
optional
but
innovative
approaches
improve
device's
function
been
also
explored.
Herein,
these
satisfying
essential
supplemental
requirements
engineering
implantable
are
summarized.
Three
types
devices,
classified
by
structural
designs,
introduced
describe
suitable
specific
purpose.
conclusion,
further
advancement
addresses
remaining
challenges.
Such
advancements
contribute
enhanced
functionality,
encouraging
more
delicate
physiology
systems
broadening
applicability
in
field
biomedical
technology.
Cardiotoxicity
is
a
prominent
cause
of
drug
withdrawal,
impacting
development
during
preclinical
and
clinical
phases,
as
well
post-market
approval.
Traditional
2-dimensional
cell
culture
models,
despite
being
resource-rich,
suffer
from
suboptimal
physiological
environment.
Animal
models
provide
an
in
vivo
setting;
however,
their
use
declining
due
to
interspecies
variability
ethical
concerns.
Cardiac
organoids,
which
are
derived
human
induced
pluripotent
stem
cells,
incorporate
genetic
information
contain
various
types
within
3-dimensional
environment
that
mimics
the
heart.
As
result,
they
becoming
increasingly
popular
for
testing.
To
effectively
cardiac
organoids
standardized
quality
assessment
crucial.
This
review
discusses
current
trends
organoid
generation
examines
recent
analytical
techniques
assessment.
