3d Transition Metals for C–H Activation

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 119(4), С. 2192 - 2452

Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2018

C–H activation has surfaced as an increasingly powerful tool for molecular sciences, with notable applications to material crop protection, drug discovery, and pharmaceutical industries, among others. Despite major advances, the vast majority of these functionalizations required precious 4d or 5d transition metal catalysts. Given cost-effective sustainable nature earth-abundant first row metals, development less toxic, inexpensive 3d catalysts gained considerable recent momentum a significantly more environmentally-benign economically-attractive alternative. Herein, we provide comprehensive overview on until summer 2018.

Язык: Английский

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Organic synthesis provides opportunities to transform drug discovery

Nature Chemistry, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 10(4), С. 383 - 394

Опубликована: Март 22, 2018

Язык: Английский

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First-Row Transition Metal (De)Hydrogenation Catalysis Based On Functional Pincer Ligands

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 119(4), С. 2681 - 2751

Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2018

The use of 3d metals in de/hydrogenation catalysis has emerged as a competitive field with respect to "traditional" precious metal catalyzed transformations. introduction functional pincer ligands that can store protons and/or electrons expressed by metal-ligand cooperativity and ligand redox-activity strongly stimulated this development conceptual starting point for rational catalyst design. This review aims at providing comprehensive picture the utilization first-row transition hydrogenation dehydrogenation related synthetic concepts relying on these such hydrogen borrowing methodology. Particular emphasis is put implementation relevance cooperating redox-active within mechanistic scenarios.

Язык: Английский

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Reduction of Nitro Compounds Using 3d-Non-Noble Metal Catalysts

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 119(4), С. 2611 - 2680

Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2018

The reduction of nitro compounds to the corresponding amines is one most utilized catalytic processes in fine and bulk chemical industry. latest development catalysts with cheap metals like Fe, Co, Ni, Cu has led their tremendous achievements over last years prompting greater application as "standard" catalysts. In this review, we will comprehensively discuss use homogeneous heterogeneous based on non-noble 3d-metals for using various reductants. different systems be revised considering both performances synthetic aspects highlighting also advantages disadvantages.

Язык: Английский

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The Green ChemisTREE: 20 years after taking root with the 12 principles

Green Chemistry, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 20(9), С. 1929 - 1961

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018

A broad overview of the achievements and emerging areas in field Green Chemistry.

Язык: Английский

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Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

ACS Central Science, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 2(11), С. 778 - 789

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2016

The current status of homogeneous iron catalysis in organic chemistry is contemplated, as are the reasons why this particular research area only recently starts challenging enduring dominance late and mostly noble metals over field. Centered middle d-block able to support formal oxidation states ranging from -II +VI, catalysts hold promise being encompass synthesis at large. They expected serve reductive well oxidative regimes, can emulate "noble tasks", but also adopt "early" transition metal character. Since a comprehensive coverage multidimensional agenda beyond scope an Outlook anyway, emphasis laid article on analysis factors that perhaps allow one control multifarious chemical nature earth-abundant metal. challenges significant, not least analytical frontier; their mastery mandates mindset differs routines most chemists interested (noble metal) tend cultivate. This aspect notwithstanding, it safe predict bears chance enable responsible paradigm for sustained catalyst economy, while potentially providing substantial economic advantages. will spur systematic in-depth investigations takes upgrade strategy-level beyond.

Язык: Английский

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Toxicity of Metal Compounds: Knowledge and Myths

Organometallics, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 36(21), С. 4071 - 4090

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2017

Organometallic reagents and metal catalysts are used ubiquitously in academia industry. Not surprisingly, the biological activity environmental danger of compounds have become topics outstanding importance. In spite rapid development toxicology during last decades, several common historically established "beliefs" still frequently circulating organometallic community. this Tutorial, we discuss existing opinions concerning (1) possibilities toxicity measurements, (2) high toxicities heavy-metal compounds, (3) correlation between structure a compound its toxicity, (4) effect direct/indirect contacts with (5) dangers nanoparticles. Basic concepts studies known data described Tutorial step by upon discussion these issues. The main goal is to demonstrate that cannot be regarded as constant property, since it depends on oxidation state, ligands, solubility, morphology particles, properties environment, other factors. As far such chemically labile species concerned, nature effects should not assumed or taken for granted; indeed, reliable conclusions made without dedicated measurements.

Язык: Английский

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Antiferromagnetic Pyrite as the Tumor Microenvironment‐Mediated Nanoplatform for Self‐Enhanced Tumor Imaging and Therapy

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 29(47)

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2017

Several decades of research have identified the specific tumor microenvironment (TME) to develop promising nanotheranostics, such as pH-sensitive imaging, acidity-sensitive starving therapy, and hydrogen peroxide-activated chemotherapy, etc. Herein, a novel TME-mediated nanoplatform employing antiferromagnetic pyrite nanocubes is presented, exploiting intratumoral, overproduced peroxide for self-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) photothermal therapy (PTT)/chemodynamic (CDT). Through activation excessive in microenvironment, can lead situ surface oxidation generate hydroxyl radicals kill cells (i.e., CDT). The increase valence state Fe significantly promotes performance MRI accompanied by CDT. Furthermore, localized heat treatment accelerate intratumoral Fenton process, enabling synergetic PTT/CDT. To our best knowledge, this first study use TME-response valence-variable strategy based on developing nanotheranostic, which will open up new dimension design other TME-based anticancer strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Well-defined nickel and palladium precatalysts for cross-coupling

Nature Reviews Chemistry, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 1(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Computational Approach to Molecular Catalysis by 3d Transition Metals: Challenges and Opportunities

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 119(4), С. 2453 - 2523

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2018

Computational chemistry provides a versatile toolbox for studying mechanistic details of catalytic reactions and holds promise to deliver practical strategies enable the rational in silico catalyst design. The reactivity nontrivial electronic structure effects, common systems based on 3d transition metals, introduce additional complexity that may represent particular challenge standard computational strategies. In this review, we discuss challenges capabilities modern methods reaction mechanisms promoted by metal molecular catalysts. Particular focus will be placed ways addressing multiconfigurational problem calculations role expert bias utilization available methods. development density functionals designed address metals is also discussed. Special emphasis account solvation effects multicomponent nature systems. This followed an overview recent studies processes catalysts metals. Cases involve noninnocent ligands, systems, metal-ligand metal-metal cooperativity, as well modeling complex such metal-organic frameworks are presented. Conventionally, heavily dependent chemical intuition input researcher. Recent developments advanced automated path analysis hold eliminating human-bias from catalysis studies. A brief these approaches presented final section review. paper closed with general concluding remarks.

Язык: Английский

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