Synthetic Methods Driven by the Photoactivity of Electron Donor–Acceptor Complexes

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 142(12), С. 5461 - 5476

Опубликована: Март 5, 2020

The association of an electron-rich substrate with electron-accepting molecule can generate a new molecular aggregate in the ground state, called electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex. Even when two precursors do not absorb visible light, resulting EDA complex often does. In 1952, Mulliken proposed quantum-mechanical theory to rationalize formation such colored complexes. However, and besides few pioneering studies 20th century, it is only past years that photochemistry has been recognized as powerful strategy for expanding potential visible-light-driven radical synthetic chemistry. Here, we explain why this photochemical approach was overlooked so long. We critically discuss historical context, scientific reasons, serendipitous observations, landmark discoveries were essential progress field. also outline future directions identify key advances are needed fully exploit photochemistry.

Язык: Английский

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Technological Innovations in Photochemistry for Organic Synthesis: Flow Chemistry, High-Throughput Experimentation, Scale-up, and Photoelectrochemistry

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 122(2), С. 2752 - 2906

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2021

Photoinduced chemical transformations have received in recent years a tremendous amount of attention, providing plethora opportunities to synthetic organic chemists. However, performing photochemical transformation can be quite challenge because various issues related the delivery photons. These challenges barred widespread adoption steps industry. past decade, several technological innovations led more reproducible, selective, and scalable photoinduced reactions. Herein, we provide comprehensive overview these exciting advances, including flow chemistry, high-throughput experimentation, reactor design scale-up, combination photo- electro-chemistry.

Язык: Английский

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Water treatment technologies in removing heavy metal ions from wastewater: A review

Environmental Nanotechnology Monitoring & Management, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 17, С. 100617 - 100617

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Photons or Electrons? A Critical Comparison of Electrochemistry and Photoredox Catalysis for Organic Synthesis

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 122(2), С. 2487 - 2649

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2021

Redox processes are at the heart of synthetic methods that rely on either electrochemistry or photoredox catalysis, but how do and catalysis compare? Both approaches provide access to high energy intermediates (e.g., radicals) enable bond formations not constrained by rules ionic 2 electron (e) mechanisms. Instead, they 1e mechanisms capable bypassing electronic steric limitations protecting group requirements, thus enabling chemists disconnect molecules in new different ways. However, while providing similar intermediates, differ several physical chemistry principles. Understanding those differences can be key designing transformations forging disconnections. This review aims highlight these similarities between comparing their underlying principles describing impact electrochemical photochemical methods.

Язык: Английский

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Multi‐Photon Excitation in Photoredox Catalysis: Concepts, Applications, Methods

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 59(26), С. 10266 - 10284

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2020

Abstract The energy of visible photons and the accessible redox potentials common photocatalysts set thermodynamic limits to photochemical reactions that can be driven by traditional visible‐light irradiation. UV excitation damaging induce side reactions, hence or even near‐IR light is usually preferable. Thus, photochemistry currently faces two divergent challenges, namely desire perform ever more thermodynamically demanding with increasingly lower photon energies. pooling low‐energy address both challenges simultaneously, whilst multi‐photon spectroscopy well established, synthetic photoredox chemistry has only recently started exploit processes on preparative scale. Herein, we have a critical look at developed mechanistic concepts, discuss pertinent experimental methods, provide an outlook into possible future developments this rapidly emerging area.

Язык: Английский

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Organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds used in photocatalysis

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 50(13), С. 7587 - 7680

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Organic compounds that show Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) have become wildly popular as next generation emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), but since 2016, received significant and increasing attention photocatalysts.

Язык: Английский

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Photocatalytic ammonia synthesis: Recent progress and future

EnergyChem, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 1(2), С. 100013 - 100013

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Photocatalysis in the Life Science Industry

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 122(2), С. 2907 - 2980

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2021

In the pursuit of new pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, chemists in life science industry require access to mild robust synthetic methodologies systematically modify chemical structures, explore novel space, enable efficient synthesis. this context, photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful technology for synthesis complex often highly functionalized molecules. This Review aims summarize published contributions field from industry, including research industrial-academic partnerships. An overview developed strategic applications synthesis, peptide functionalization, isotope labeling, both DNA-encoded traditional library is provided, along with summary state-of-the-art photoreactor effective upscaling photocatalytic reactions.

Язык: Английский

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Catalyst‐Free Deaminative Functionalizations of Primary Amines by Photoinduced Single‐Electron Transfer

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 58(17), С. 5697 - 5701

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2019

Abstract The use of pyridinium‐activated primary amines as photoactive functional groups for deaminative generation alkyl radicals under catalyst‐free conditions is described. By taking advantage the visible light absorptivity electron donor–acceptor complexes between Katritzky pyridinium salts and either Hantzsch ester or Et 3 N, photoinduced single‐electron transfer could be initiated in absence a photocatalyst. This general reactivity platform has been applied to alkylation (Giese), allylation, vinylation, alkynylation, thioetherification, hydrodeamination reactions. mild are amenable diverse range secondary pyridiniums demonstrate broad group tolerance.

Язык: Английский

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Nanostructured metal phosphides: from controllable synthesis to sustainable catalysis

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 50(13), С. 7539 - 7586

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Metal phosphides (MPs) with unique and desirable physicochemical properties provide promising potential in implementable sustainable catalytic fields including electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, mild thermocatalysis, interdisciplinary hybrid systems.

Язык: Английский

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