A Highly Conductive n-Type Conjugated Polymer Synthesized in Water

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 146(23), С. 15860 - 15868

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a benchmark hole-transporting (p-type) polymer that finds applications in diverse electronic devices. Most of its success due to facile synthesis water, exceptional processability from aqueous solutions, and outstanding electrical performance ambient. Applications fields like (opto-)electronics, bioelectronics, energy harvesting/storage devices often necessitate the complementary use both p-type n-type (electron-transporting) materials. However, availability materials amenable water-based polymerization processing remains limited. Herein, we present novel method enabling direct yielding highly conductive, water-processable conjugated polymer, namely, poly[(2,2′-(2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-phenylene)diacetic acid)-stat-3,7-dihydrobenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]difuran-2,6-dione] (PDADF), with remarkable conductivity as high 66 S cm–1, ranking among highest for polymers processed using green solvents. The new PDADF also exhibits stability, maintaining 90% initial after 146 days storage air. Our synthetic approach, along it yields, promises significant advancements sustainable development organic

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing the Thermoelectric Properties of Conjugated Polymers by Suppressing Dopant‐Induced Disorder

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(25)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Doping is a crucial strategy to enhance the performance of various organic electronic devices. However, in many cases, random distribution dopants conjugated polymers leads disruption polymer microstructure, severely constraining achievable Here, it shown that by ion‐exchange doping polythiophene‐based P[(3HT) 1‐x ‐stat‐(T) x ] ( = 0 (P1), 0.12 (P2), 0.24 (P3), and 0.36 (P4)), remarkably high electrical conductivity >400 S cm −1 power factor >16 µW m K −2 are achieved for copolymer P3, ranking among highest ever reported unaligned P3HT‐based films, significantly higher than P1 (<40 , <4 ). Although both exhibit comparable field‐effect transistor hole mobilities ≈0.1 2 V s pristine state, after doping, Hall effect measurements indicate P3 exhibits large mobility up 1.2 outperforming (0.06 GIWAXS measurement determines in‐plane π – stacking distance doped 3.44 Å, distinctly shorter (3.68 Å). These findings contribute resolving long‐standing dopant‐induced‐disorder issues P3HT serve as an example achieving fast charge transport highly efficient electronics.

Язык: Английский

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Dual Engine Boosts Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor for Enhanced Modulation and Bioanalysis

Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 96(17), С. 6847 - 6852

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024

Organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) has shown substantial potential in the development of next-generation bioanalysis yet is limited by either-or situation between photoelectrode types and channel types. Inspired dual-photoelectrode systems, we propose a new architecture dual-engine OPECT for enhanced signal modulation its biosensing application. Exemplified incorporating CdS/Bi2S3 photoanode Cu2O photocathode within gate-source circuit Ag/AgCl-gated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) channel, device shows capability larger transconductance (gm) against single-photoelectrode ones. Moreover, light irritation upon effectively shifts peak value gm to zero gate voltage without degradation generates current steps that are advantageous sensitive bioanalysis. Based on as-developed OPECT, target-mediated recycling etching reactions designed CdS/Bi2S3, which could result dual amplification realize microRNA-155 biodetection with linear range from 1 fM 100 pM lower detection limit 0.12 fM.

Язык: Английский

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n‐Type Organic Mixed Ionic‐Electronic Conductors for Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Advanced Engineering Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(9)

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

n‐Type organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are fundamental building blocks of biosensors and complementary circuits along with p‐type. Yet, their development has been lagging behind p‐type counterparts since first emergence in 2016. The key component an OECT is the channel material, which mixed ionic‐electronic conductor (OMIEC), that dictates function performance via interactions electrolyte ions. OMIECs OECTs benchmarked by product charge‐carrier mobility ( μ ) volumetric capacitance C * ), μC . Significant progress made for novel n‐type OMIECs, best now reaching 180 F cm −1 V s This review elucidates such material emphases on underlying molecular design strategies structure‐property relationships. Furthermore, operational stability materials applications also discussed to offer readers a comprehensive view field. Finally, current limitations outlook.

Язык: Английский

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High‐Performance, Single‐Component Ambipolar Organic Electrochemical Transistors with Balanced n/p‐Type Properties for Inverter and Biosensor Applications

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2024

Abstract Ambipolar organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) with a single mixed ionic‐electronic conductor (OMIEC) have unique advantages by reducing fabrication complexity and cost in complementary logic circuit bioelectronic applications. However, the design synthesis of high‐performance ambipolar OMIECs for efficient transport coupling both cation/anion electron/hole remain challenging. Herein, donor–acceptor (D–A)‐typed OMIEC polymer (DHF‐gTT) is presented, whose superior ambipolarity stems from concurrent oligoethyleneglycol‐functionalized D/A units that facilitates injection transport. Additionally, fluorination acceptor unit improves hole/electron transports due to fully‐locked backbone promotes electron down‐shifting molecular energy levels. Consequently, DHF‐gTT‐based OECTs achieve balanced figure‐of‐merit ( µC * ) p‐ type n‐ operations (12.4–14.6 F cm −1 V s ), setting new benchmarks OECTs, terms mobilities. Such enable inverter record‐high gain (102 V/V) associated detectors offer real‐time highly sensitive detection histamine hydrogen peroxide detection, respectively. These results indicate effectiveness judicious on achieving OMIECs, allowing state‐of‐the‐art single‐component integrated

Язык: Английский

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Rigid Fluorescent Indacenetetraone‐Based Semiconducting Polymers via Knoevenagel Condensation

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025

Abstract The synthesis of new donor‐acceptor polymers is reported through Knoevenagel condensation indacenetetraone with aromatic dialdehydes. obtained possess exceptionally rigid planar backbones a rotational barrier (for single C─C bonds) 16–20 kcal mol −1 , the highest among known conjugated polymers. These structural features confer several unusual properties, including remarkably narrow absorption bands very high coefficient (up to ≈3×10 5 cm ) and efficient fluorescence in red near‐IR region (λ max 694–850 nm, quantum yield 10–29%). Systematic spectroscopic, electrical, microstructural characterization supported by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations reveals effects heteroatoms conjugation lengths on optoelectronic properties these materials. exhibit ambipolar charge transport field‐effect transistors, which can be tailored show unipolar p ‐type (0.1 2 V s n (0.05 behavior adjusting energy levels at polymer/metal contacts. Additionally, their application demonstrated as acceptors all‐polymer organic photovoltaic devices commercial donor polymers, achieving power conversion efficiency (PCE) 11%.

Язык: Английский

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Gel‐Based Electrolytes for Organic Electrochemical Transistors: Mechanisms, Applications, and Perspectives

Small, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Abstract Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have emerged as the core component of specialized bioelectronic technologies due to their high signal amplification capability, low operating voltage (<1 V), and biocompatibility. Under a gate bias, OECTs modulate device operation via ionic drift between electrolyte channel. Compared common electrolytes with fluid nature (including salt aqueous solutions ion liquids), gel electrolytes, an intriguing structure consisting physically and/or chemically crosslinked polymer network where interstitial spaces polymers are filled liquid or mobile species, promising candidates for quasi‐solid electrolytes. Due relatively conductivity, potential large‐scale integration, capability suppress channel swelling, been research highlight in recent years. This review summarizes progress on that demonstrate good mechanical well physical chemical stabilities. Moreover, various components forming including different phases components, introduced. Furthermore, applications these areas sensors, neuromorphics, organic circuits, discussed. Last, future perspectives based discussed along possible existing challenges.

Язык: Английский

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Synthesis of Electron-Deficient BisAzaCoroneneDiimide-Conjugated Polymers by Light-Locking Dynamic Covalent Bonds

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 29, 2025

We present a novel light-locked dynamic covalent polymerization methodology to synthesize conjugated polymers based on BisAzaCoroneneDiimides (BACDs). This metal-free process converts reversible poly imines into kinetically locked using visible light, generating minimal side products. By incorporating aldehyde-functionalized comonomers, the approach enables creation of diverse n-type semiconducting with tunable optical band gaps and low LUMO levels. The exhibit exceptional thermal, electrochemical, photostability strong interchain interactions upon electrochemical reduction observed in solution, attributed BACD core. Broad absorption from near-infrared range underscores their potential charge energy transport applications for organic electronics. scalable, sustainable strategy unlocks access versatile class diimide polymers.

Язык: Английский

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4-[2-(Chlorodiphenylstannyl)phenyl]-4-hydroxybutan-2-one

Molbank, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 2025(2), С. M1991 - M1991

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025

An aldol condensation reaction between [2-(O=CH)C6H4]SnPh2Cl and acetone gave [2-{CH3C(=O)CH2(OH)CH}C6H4]SnPh2Cl (1). The compound was characterized in a solution using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy HR-MS spectrometry solid state IR single-crystal X-ray diffraction. molecular structure revealed the presence of both enantiomers crystal.

Язык: Английский

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Green Synthesis of High-Performance Conjugated Polymers through Optimizing Fused-Ring Structures and Molecular Weights for Organic Field-Effect Transistors

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Facile and ecofriendly syntheses are of vital importance to the development organic semiconductors. Herein, we present a straightforward green approach for preparing high-performance conjugated polymers. A series polymers based on three commercially available multifused rings benzodifuranedione were designed synthesized application in field-effect transistors (OFETs). The optical properties, molecular orbital energy levels, microstructures systematically investigated. Polymer-based devices also fabricated electrical properties optimized by extending conjugation length, varying ring structures, enhancing weight. polymer featuring heptacyclic arenes (dithienothiophen[3,2-b]-pyrrolobenzothiadiazole) achieved maximum mobility exceeding 1.4 cm2 V-1 s-1 an Ion/Ioff ratio surpassing 106. This work presents aldol synthesis strategy preparation semiconductor materials.

Язык: Английский

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