Halogen Modulation and Physical Property Variation in Two Novel Mixed‐Cation Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites^†

Chinese Journal of Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025

Comprehensive Summary Organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) offer precise control over material properties through the substitution of organic cations and halogens. In this study, two OIHPs, [(C 6 H 10 P)( n ‐BA)]Sb 2 X 9 ([C P] + = [Me 3 PCH CH ] , [ ‐BA] ‐butylamine cation, I ( 1 ), Br )), were synthesized by varying halogens within a mixed‐cation system. The halogen induced shift from compound which remains stable without phase transitions, to undergoes ferroelastic transition mmmF 2/ m ). Compound crystallizes in non‐centrosymmetric Pca space group demonstrates second harmonic generation (SHG) response, while displays elasticity nanoindentation tests. Halogen alters Sb—X bond lengths, inducing structural distortions inorganic framework influencing spatial configuration anions. These changes lead distinct crystallization behaviors, resulting different physical for compounds . This work contributes development multifunctional materials based on regulation OIHPs.

Язык: Английский

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Mn(II)-Doped Perovskites with Carboxylic Acid Dimers Exhibiting Scintillation

Inorganic Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Layered hybrid metal halide perovskites, characterized by their distinctive quantum well structures and significant exciton binding energies, exhibit exceptional fluorescence properties, rendering them ideal candidates for high light yield scintillators. However, challenges remain in synthesizing layered perovskites with photoluminescence yields (PLQY), large Stokes shifts, stable radioluminescence (RL). In this study, a Mn(II)-doped perovskite was successfully synthesized. Structural rigidity is largely enhanced the unique carboxylic acid dimers, as result reducing nonradiative recombination induced stretching vibration. Mn(II) doping into (HOOC6H10NH3)2PbBr4 allows efficient energy transfer, which optimizes luminescence performance. The effects of self-absorption are almost eliminated shift doping. 4T1g-6A1g transition induces pronounced orange-red emission at 613 nm, PLQY significantly increasing from 14.76% to 64.24%. Additionally, scintillator demonstrates an outstanding 28,600 photons/MeV low detection limit 100.8 nGyair/s, maintaining stability under continuous X-ray exposure. These properties render it applications luminescent devices

Язык: Английский

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Halide perovskite x-ray detectors: Fundamentals, progress, and outlook

Applied Physics Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(2)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Halide perovskites have demonstrated great potential in x-ray detectors, due to their high attenuation coefficient, large bulk resistance, ultralong carrier diffusion length, and adjustable bandgap. Moreover, abundant raw materials simple processing combined with excellent compatibility integrated circuits make them ideal for cost-efficient high-efficiency real-world imaging applications. Herein, we comprehensively reviewed advances progress detection devices based on halide perovskites. We expound the fundamental mechanisms of interactions between x rays matter as background indicate different parameters types which guides basic requirements how select design suitable active layers. After emphasizing superb properties through shortcomings commercial materials, evaluate latest advancements ongoing dimensions structures both direct indirect discuss effect dimensional varieties device performance. also highlight current challenges area perovskite detectors propose corresponding solutions optimize next-generation

Язык: Английский

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Wearable Photoferroelectric Perovskite X‐Ray Detectors

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(46)

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024

Abstract High‐sensitivity wearable radiation detectors are essential for personnel protection in environments such as defense, nuclear facilities, and medical fields. Traditional using bulk crystals lack flexibility, emerging perovskite films suffer from lead toxicity poor charge transport. Herein, lead‐free photoferroelectric hybrid metal halide flexible membranes presented, offering superior X‐ray response with sensitivities up to 7872 ± 517 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 at 50 V bias 394 67 a self‐driven mode, detection limit of lower than 77 nGy s , excellent imaging capabilities. This exceptional performance is attributed the spontaneous polarization that promotes efficient Additionally, they show remarkable stability, long‐term mechanical fatigue resistance, water stability. They also exhibit energy under Compton effect meet angle requirements International Electrotechnical Commission standard direct‐reading personal dose equivalent meters, paving way their integration into flexible, dosimeters. These advancements have potential drive realization next generation detectors.

Язык: Английский

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Novel Self‐Powered Sensitive X‐Ray Detection Crystal Bi₂Mo_0.36W_1.64O₉ with Effective Functional Motif Coupling in a Quasi‐2D Perovskite Structure

Small, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025

Abstract The demand for medical imaging with reduced patient dosage and higher resolution is growing, driving the need advanced X‐ray detection technologies. This paper proposes a design paradigm semiconductors by coupling constituent motifs through crystal structure engineering. study introduces strongly anisotropic Aurivillius‐type quasi‐2D perovskite structure, combining [Bi 2 O ] 2+ groups stereochemically active lone pair electrons (SCALPEs) [W/Mo 7 2− anionic groups, enabling enhanced Compton scattering self‐powered capabilities local electric field ordering. results in first Bi‐based tungstate Bi Mo 0.36 W 1.64 9 (BMWO) detector, achieving record sensitivity of 381 µC Gy −1 cm −2 . Additionally, demonstrates capability detector operating self‐driven mode. work highlights BMWO as promising candidate stable direct validates material strategy that leverages large anisotropy structures sensitive detection.

Язык: Английский

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Ultra‐stable and Sensitive X‐ray Detectors Using 3D Hybrid Perovskitoid Single Crystals

Small, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

Abstract Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have shown great potential for direct X‐ray detection in security screening and medical diagnostics. However, their humidity stability is compromised due to the susceptibility of structural components water molecules, thereby limiting practical application. In this work, stable sensitive achieved using high‐quality bulk single crystals 3D perovskitoid (DMPZ)Pb 2 Br 6 ( DPB , DMPZ = N ′‐dimethyl‐pyrazinium), wherein ‐acid protons are replaced with hydrophobic alkyl groups. Notably, maintain phase after 60 days immersion at room temperature, demonstrating significant moisture‐stable detectors. Based on detectors successfully fabricated, achieving a high sensitivity 6437.2 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 70 V bias limit low 46.7 nGy s outperforming most low‐dimensional perovskite Most strikingly, retain 79.6% initial 14 immersion, highlighting exceptional moisture stability. This work first construct high‐performance crystals, advancing development detection.

Язык: Английский

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Methylhydrazine Lone‐Pair Engineering for Polar Lead‐Free Perovskite Enables Self‐Powered X‐Ray Detection

Small Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(5)

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

Lead‐free A 3 Bi 2 I 9 ‐type perovskites demonstrate excellent performance in direct X‐ray detection owing to their high bulk resistivity and reduced ion migration. However, the reported centrosymmetric can only operate with external voltage, inevitably resulting energy consumption bulky monolithic circuits, limiting further development. Herein, exploiting methylhydrazine (MHy) cation s lone‐pair electrons (LPEs), a chiral‐polarity perovskite MHy are obtained explored its self‐powered properties. Where forms strong hydrogen bond interaction inorganic framework, asymmetric unit. Meanwhile, LPEs contribute generating dipole moments, leading spontaneous polarization. On one hand, polarization acts as driving force realize X‐ray‐generated carriers’ separation transport acquire ability. other noise current dark under zero bias increase signal‐to‐noise ratio lower limit. Notably, single‐crystal‐based detector displays considerable sensitivity (106 μC Gy −1 cm −2 ) an ultralow limit (55 nGy mode. new insights for constructing polar lead‐free realizing unprecedented detectors provided.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence of Cation Symmetry Reduction Induced Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in Metal‐Free Perovskite for Efficient Self‐Powered X‐Ray Detection

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025

Abstract Metal‐free perovskite (MFP) X‐ray detectors have attracted attention due to biocompatibility and synthesizability. However, the necessity of high voltages for MFP affects stability safety. Although, bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) with spontaneous electric field is a potential alternative detection without voltage, constitutive relationship BPVE in remains unclear. Herein, between cation symmetry explored, self‐powered detector realized by first time. Theoretical studies show that reduction can distort halide octahedron one direction, which increases dipole moment crystal polarity induce BPVE. The from drive defect passivation equilibrium carrier enhance nonequilibrium performance Then, polar (mPAZE‐NH 4 Br 3 H 2 O) excellent designed. Due nonlinear response, obtains numerically recorded equivalent sensitivity (≈10 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 ) at 0 V. Moreover, imaging demonstrated two image convolution kernels it are constructed. Finally, features continuous operation (20000 s) temperature (‐55–250 °C). It believed method will further application detectors.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of Internal Electrostatic Fields on Self‐Powered X‐Ray Detectors with High Sensitivity and Low Detection Limits in Polar Oxide Crystals α/β‐BaTeMo₂O₉

Small, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2025

Self-powered X-ray detectors enable operating without applying bias, enabling detector portability and making them highly valuable in the industrial medical fields. This study demonstrates high-performance self-powered using polar α-BaTeMo2O9 (α-BTM) β-BaTeMo2O9 (β-BTM) oxide crystals. It is proven that carriers are driven by internal electrostatic field along axis, has a favorable effect on crystal detector. The β-BTM sensitivity of 300.2 µCGyair -1cm-2 under 40 keV X-rays, which 15 times α-Se (20 -1cm-2). structure simultaneously addresses inherent trade-off between dark current photocurrent enhancement observed conventional detectors. polarization α-BTM crystals leads to macroscopic resulting fields 34 66 V mm-1. Furthermore, ion activation energies BTM larger than 828 meV, higher most perovskite materials, excellent stability low current. breakthrough performance stems from synergistic effects built-in robust crystalline structure, opening new avenues for portable radiation detection technologies.

Язык: Английский

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High Performance Water Based X‐Ray Detector

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 20, 2025

Abstract Existing semiconductor X‐ray sensors are based on solid materials, and there few liquid‐based works detects. Compared with device, water liquid constructed devices have the advantage of compatible huge sets materials which is hardly incorporated into traditional devices. Herein, this study reports first‐generation water‐based detector, demonstrates a high sensitivity response to X‐rays. This shows transient polarization current, steady current depolarization that can be repeatedly observed in semiconductor/polar liquid/semiconductor structure under multiple switching cycles. In self‐driven mode, dark detector does not exceed 1.8 nA cm −2 , it has good linear dose rate, 104.5 µC·Gy −1 ·cm short time 19 ms. Through utilization different we introducing elements atomic number (such as iodine) polar liquid, X‐rays reach an extremely 224 surpasses those most detectors. The forthcoming research detectors will undoubtedly usher new era high‐performance suitable for wide range practical applications.

Язык: Английский

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