Polymer Degradation and Stability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 111147 - 111147
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63(7), С. 771 - 797
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024
This review examines the fire retardant potential of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites derived from plant fibers such as sisal, jute, hemp and coir etc. While these materials offer eco-friendly cost-effective advantages, their inherent flammability remains a concern. The study consolidates various methodologies employed in evaluating performance composites, encompassing cone calorimetry, Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) test, UL-94 vertical burning Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), smoke density which have been extensively discussed prior literature. However, despite this coverage, there exists gap lack standardized evaluation methods comprehensive studies addressing real-world conditions. To address gaps, critically analyzes existing research landscape proposes strategies for improvement. It emphasizes necessity testing protocols comparative using uniform to enable direct comparisons among studies. Furthermore, suggests investigating effects environmental factors (humidity, temperature, UV exposure, aging) on resistance longitudinal assess stability durability treatments over extended periods. Additionally, it explores emerging nanotechnologies, highlighting enhance flame retardancy while calling further efficacy, compatibility, impact future endeavors. Through this, aims bridge between knowledge practical application improving properties sustainable safer material development.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10
Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2024
Abstract The two obvious drawbacks of aluminum trihydrate (ATH) as a flame retardant to polymers are its low efficiency and poor resistance both acid alkali. To overcome these faults, ATH‐filled fire‐retarded polypropylene (PP) was modified by microencapsulated red phosphorus (MRP) the flammability, alkali obtained PP/ATH/MRP composite were investigated. Results reveal that addition 63 wt% ATH cannot impart V‐0 rating PP in UL‐94 test, but incorporating 50 ATH/MRP can endow with rating. synergizes notably MRP enhancing fire retardancy presence suitable boost PP/ATH remarkably. production high‐quality char layer upon combustion is key reason for improvement retardance. MRP‐induced charring responsible heightened composite. This work offers simple cheap route will expand application field flame‐retarded ATH. Highlights flame‐retarding PP. Formation answers improved Presence enhances chemical considerably. root cause enhanced resistance.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
Applied Thermal Engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 125545 - 125545
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
SPE Polymers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(3), С. 318 - 330
Опубликована: Март 6, 2024
Abstract This study aims to investigate the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP)‐based intumescent retardants (IFRs) consisting melamine phosphate (MP) pentaerythritol (PER), different additives; boron (BP), antimony oxide (AO), preceramic polymers, namely poly(dimethylsilane) (PDMS) poly(methylsilsesquioxane) (PMSQ). The composites were produced by twin‐screw extrusion, then molded injection molding. Their characterizations performed with limiting oxygen index (LOI), horizontal burning tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile impact tests. total amount IFRs additives in was kept constant at 20 wt%. additive concentration varied as 1, 3, 5 wt% composites. highest LOI value 29% obtained for PP/MP/PER composite MP/PER ratio 3/1. PP/IFR‐based 1 exhibited higher performance than other 3 additives. It is revealed that modulus strength neat PP improved addition IFRs, each type used study. Highlights Usage BP AO retardancy. Lower (1%) PP/IFR led values. Additive incorporation enhanced PP.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 347, С. 123706 - 123706
Опубликована: Март 9, 2024
Fly ash consists of a considerable amount hazardous elements with high mobility, posing substantial environmental risks during storage in surface impoundments and landfills. This hinders its efficient reuse construction or material industries. To enhance the versatility fly applications, novel modification technique, termed SuMo, has been developed to create hydrophobic polysulfide polymer coating on particles. The physicochemical properties SuMo samples were examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron (ESEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), leaching was tested under practical conditions (pH 4–12) based EPA's assessment framework (LEAF). successful verified through an increased percentage C, S, O elemental mapping, coupled identification S–O, CO, C–H functional groups consistent chemical structure polymer. While particles maintained their spherical shape, they exhibited roughness, robust hydrophobicity, stability up 250 °C. Notably, owing coating's resilience against water leaching, demonstrated reduction (up 60-fold) leachate concentrations multiple concerning elements, including B, Be, Ba, Mn, Zn, As, Cr, Hg, etc., various pH compared uncoated ash. Furthermore, polysulphide effectively prevented Hg volatilization from below 163 study highlights efficacy mitigating diffusion ash, thereby enhancing potential reutilization material, construction, agriculture
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(6), С. 111505 - 111505
Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(13), С. e34007 - e34007
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024
Flame-retardant finishing of textile materials is crucial for ensuring human safety and mitigating fire hazards. Though various fibers have inherent flame-resistant properties, cotton fiber has a higher affinity to burn. This research focused on developing non-durable FR treatments cotton-rich polyester-cotton (T/C) blended products economically, using boron-containing compounds. Because the high melting point use borax T/C fabric reduces fabric's flammability. Boric acid was also used as an auxiliary substrate Di-sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate its cleaning softening properties. Borax boric create layer char when burned stop flame. We impregnation method this process. After chemical finish different types fabric, we completed tests like 450 flame retardant, LOI, SEM, breaking strength, drapability, crease recovery, water vapor transmission tests, found desired It increased retardancy recovery properties but slight reduction strength noticed in case excessive coating. Water property reduced gradually with increase concentration. Since chemicals are available local market lower cost than common chemicals, it more economical.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Polymer Degradation and Stability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 111147 - 111147
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0