Applications in Plant Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(3)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Evolution has generated an extraordinary diversity of life on Earth that drives the function natural ecosystems (Xu et al., 2020), human cultures (Clark 2014), and economies (Hanley Perrings, 2019; Paul 2020). Plants are most dominant form (Bar-On 2018) decline plant caused drastic shifts in (Pugnaire 2019), resulting a loss hundreds billions dollars (USD) per year from global economy (Austin 2020; Diagne 2021). Plant species face unprecedented challenges to their survival, growth, reproduction due numerous threats, including anthropogenic factors such as land-use change, habitat destruction, climate illegal poaching (IUCN, 2023). The urgent threats vary by region species; thus, addressing individual survival worldwide will require broad knowledge organismal function, ecology, evolution creation innovative, targeted tools applications. This special issue features new techniques approaches across multiple disciplines (from molecules ecosystems) scales inquiry plants perspectives), with central focus development dissemination methods perspectives conservation biology. Conservation biologists practitioners around globe conducting research enacting policies conserve preserve at local regional scales. One primary obstacle larger been lack directly aid coordination efforts world. Linsky al. (2024) present collaborative framework called Global Consortia (GCC). Under this framework, researchers united shared specific ecological or taxonomic group (e.g., trees, cycads, magnolias, oaks) develop comprehensive action plans scaffold local, regional, While gathering collating data historically challenge, tool hosted Botanic Gardens International (BGCI), reported here Quintana (2024), aims close gaps status threatened tree regions, increase collaboration, provide information decision-makers. Action Tracker, part GlobalTree Portal, gathers about current species, action/recovery plans, ex situ collections, protections, policy outreach programs. online database is freely available so it can be used guide monitor success. It allows for comparisons between different importantly, highlights areas where deficient. Large-scale databases networks like GCC BGCI key developments improve effectiveness among practitioners. A main goal create expand metacollections living high value. preservation wild (meta)collections one effective Thus, understanding extent which collection practices capture biological populations critical effectiveness, strategies represented collections extreme interest alike. Linan describe approach assess genetic individuals tropical Karomia gigas, fewer than 100 remain Earth. Using approach, authors were able determine relative proportion share kinship thus better inform breeding outcrossing collections. Similarly, Rosenberger Hoban computer simulations understand contribution propagule dispersal population structure distribution maternal individuals. These empirical theoretical demonstrate importance preserving extant species. reversing and/or restoration, often performed source material However, many restoration unsuccessful, improving success could transform broadly. Prakash considering when maximizing outplanting evolvability Picea rubens, declining forest eastern North America. By integrating genomic data, field experiments, boots-on-the-ground conservation, positive association combined outplanted individuals, early-life fitness, evolvability. Despite advances made research, there gap sharing outcomes disconnect practice. Bellis introduce reintroductions within United States, Center Reintroduction Database (CPCRD), enable progress outcomes. CPCRD collaboration offers great promise facilitate management decisions practitioners, well encourage scientific engagement providing long-term database. limitation working seed-plant systems collecting identifying seeds both rare common Currently expensive time-consuming, using either machines separate size- shape-specific time, time highly skilled Multi-year projects also user error if same not responsible sorting each season. Reek tested novel way sort conifer image recognition machine learning. After training model set seeds, they validated against manual identification found similar accuracy. method seed counting was more efficient and, applied other cost savings availability various Predicting extinction risk possible future changes aspects species' biology distribution, phenology, reproductive success, physiological performance, gene expression) before intensive become cornerstone research. For example, Evolutionarily Distinct Globally Endangered (EDGE) EDGE2 metrics two recent integrate evolutionary distinctiveness geographic identify priorities. Pizzardo compared performance these traditional phylogenetic diversity) prioritization legume clade (Chamaecrista ser. Coriaceae) Brazilian campo rupestre ecosystem. EDGE incorporate risk, draw attention requirement complete may unrealistic data-deficient regions groups. In contrast broad-scale rely priorities, models (SDMs) commonly predict potential ecology into future. Evolving use types geographic, biological, historical core aim predictability Hansen correlative SDMs invasive aquatic European frog-bit without observations. interpretations outputs very based included, driving distributions. show direct implications integration perception misinform concern. Edwards-Calma (2014) integrated recently developed statistical estimating hypothetical fundamental niche naturalized native ferns. make robust occupancy light reveal portions fern niches occupied discuss biotic interactions limit studies power value space time. presented speak botanists employing work biodiversity crisis worldwide. Many papers originally symposium "From Theory Practice: New Innovations Their Application Biology," held Botany 2023 meeting; had goals: (1) highlight technologies uses sets document promote (2) celebration 10th anniversary Applications Sciences publication Botanical Society issue—which grew out symposium—highlights some those advances, others, efforts, repositories, techniques, learning, refined models. As continue innovate prevent further biodiversity, important applications wider community. We hope useful resource community continues solve problems while facing ahead. C.P.K. R.L. initiated issue, C.M.T. contributed its development. All editorial duties manuscripts included issue. text manuscript, contributions led writing editing. approved final version manuscript. upon supported National Science Foundation awards DBI-2109835 IOS-2243970 Any opinions, findings, recommendations expressed do necessarily reflect views Foundation. would thank Dr. Lauren Trotta during initial stages reviewing proposals manuscripts, Editor-in-Chief Briana L. Gross Managing Editor Beth Parada assistance throughout process feedback

Язык: Английский