Artificial intelligence in preclinical research: enhancing digital twins and organ-on-chip to reduce animal testing
Drug Discovery Today,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 104360 - 104360
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Artificial
intelligence
(AI)
is
reshaping
preclinical
drug
research
offering
innovative
alternatives
to
traditional
animal
testing.
Advanced
techniques,
including
machine
learning
(ML),
deep
(DL),
AI-powered
digital
twins
(DTs),
and
AI-enhanced
organ-on-a-chip
(OoC)
platforms,
enable
precise
simulations
of
complex
biological
systems.
AI
plays
a
critical
role
in
overcoming
the
limitations
DTs
OoC,
improving
their
predictive
power
scalability.
These
technologies
facilitate
early-stage,
reliable
evaluations
safety
efficacy,
addressing
ethical
concerns,
reducing
costs,
accelerating
development
while
adhering
3Rs
principle
(Replace,
Reduce,
Refine).
By
integrating
with
these
advanced
models,
can
achieve
greater
accuracy
efficiency
discovery.
This
review
examines
transformative
impact
research,
highlighting
its
advancements,
challenges,
steps
needed
establish
as
cornerstone
efficient
Язык: Английский
Characterizing Recent PDMS Changes in Electrokinetic‐Based Microfluidic Devices’ Performance and Manufacturing for Cell Sorting Applications
Electrophoresis,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
ABSTRACT
Understanding
cells
from
complex
biological
samples
is
vital
to
understanding
cellular
biology
and
medical
applications.
One
evolving
tool
for
cell
sorting
the
use
of
microfluidic
devices
achieve
higher
precision
remove
need
labeling
subpopulations.
However,
few
have
been
translated
commercially
beyond
academic
research
often
due
challenges
in
larger
scale
fabrication.
Here,
we
initially
investigated
a
compelling
label‐free
device
with
geometries
perform
contactless
dielectrophoresis
(cDEP)
applications
enriching
subpopulations
oncology,
neurology,
stem
cells,
sample
preparation.
We
began
scaling
manufacturing
cDEP
using
Dow
Sylgard
184,
more
commonly
referred
as
PDMS
(polydimethylsiloxane).
observing
new,
dynamic
bubble
formation
phenomenon
which
had
significant
impacts
on
performance.
Within
just
5
min
exposure
at
typical
experimental
values,
death
was
nearly
100%.
Variables
related
manufacturing,
environment,
equipment,
personnel,
raw
materials
sourcing,
lithography
methods
conditions/parameters
were
systematically
evaluated
find
root
cause
exacerbated
observed.
Further,
alternate
polymers
sourced
performance
comparisons.
All
variables
failed
solve
decline
increase
death.
Upon
completing
chemical
analysis
this
work,
conclude
that
direct
result
changes
expected
properties
composition.
Despite
these
challenges,
our
robust
quality
control
combined
protocols
bubbles
achieved
consistent
including
2–3
h
run
times
>90%
viability
after
sorting.
These
new
behaviors
will
continue
be
monitored
controlled
ensure
consistency
experimentation,
application
commercialization
feasibility
wide
variety
designs
Язык: Английский
Types of Crosslinkers and Their Applications in Biomaterials and Biomembranes
Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
7(2), С. 61 - 61
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025
Biomaterials
and
biomembranes
play
a
crucial
role
in
variety
of
applications,
particularly
the
medical
field
due
to
their
ability
mimic
natural
biological
structures
functions.
Crosslinkers
also
an
important
enhancing
structural
integrity
functionality
biomaterials
design
biomembranes.
This
review
article
explores
fundamentals
biomembranes,
with
particular
focus
on
crosslinkers
biology,
chemistry
medicine.
We
explore
various
types
commonly
used
synthesis,
examining
chemical
structure,
classification,
synthesis
methods.
Additionally,
we
analyze
properties
interactions,
highlighting
impact,
cellular
behavior
cytotoxicity.
further
emphasizes
recent
advances
innovation,
tissue
engineering,
drug
delivery,
wound
healing.
Finally,
conclude
by
addressing
current
challenges
suggesting
potential
futures
directions
for
research
this
field.
Язык: Английский
Biological Barrier Models-on-Chips: A Novel Tool for Disease Research and Drug Discovery
Biosensors,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(6), С. 338 - 338
Опубликована: Май 26, 2025
The
development
of
alternatives
to
animal
models
and
traditional
cell
cultures
has
led
the
emergence
organ-on-chip
(OoC)
systems,
which
replicate
organ
functions
under
both
physiological
pathological
conditions.
These
microfluidic
platforms
simulate
key
tissue
interfaces—such
as
tissue–air,
tissue–liquid,
tissue–tissue
interactions—while
incorporating
biomechanical
stimuli
closely
resemble
in
vivo
environments.
This
makes
OoC
systems
particularly
suitable
for
modeling
biological
barriers
such
skin,
placenta,
blood–brain
barrier,
play
essential
roles
maintaining
homeostasis.
review
explores
various
barrier
that
can
be
replicated
using
technology,
discussing
integration
induced
pluripotent
stem
cells
(iPSCs)
advance
personalized
medicine.
Additionally,
we
examine
methods
assessing
formation,
including
real-time
monitoring
through
integrated
sensors,
discuss
advantages
challenges
associated
with
these
technologies.
potential
disease
modeling,
drug
discovery,
therapeutic
strategies
is
also
highlighted.
Язык: Английский