Identification and characterization of neuropeptides in sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius

General and Comparative Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 114716 - 114716

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Discovery and functional characterization of a bombesin-type neuropeptide signaling system in an invertebrate

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 122(13)

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

Neuropeptide signaling systems are key regulators of physiological and behavioral processes in animals. However, the evolutionary history some neuropeptides originally discovered vertebrates is unknown. The peptide bombesin (BN) was first isolated from skin toad Bombina bombina subsequently BN-related have been identified other chordates, including gastrin-releasing (GRP) neuromedin B (NMB) mammals, a GRP-like cephalochordate Branchiostoma japonicum . BN-type hitherto not any nonchordate Here, we report discovery functional characterization neuropeptide system an echinoderm—the starfish Asterias rubens precursor proteins were several echinoderm species based on their amino acid sequences gene structures, mature structure A. ArBN determined using mass spectrometry. A protein related to vertebrate GRP/NMB-type G protein–coupled receptors experimentally as receptor for Analysis distribution mRNA situ hybridization immunohistochemistry revealed widespread pattern expression central nervous system, digestive locomotory organs. Moreover, effects included contraction retraction evertible stomach inhibition feeding behavior. Our findings show that can be traced back deuterostome common ancestor echinoderms chordates. Furthermore, ancient role behavior has revealed.

Язык: Английский

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Functional characterization of a second pedal peptide/orcokinin‐type neuropeptide signaling system in the starfish Asterias rubens

The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 526(5), С. 858 - 876

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2017

Molluscan pedal peptides (PPs) and arthropod orcokinins (OKs) are prototypes of a family neuropeptides that have been identified in several phyla. Recently, starfish myorelaxant peptide (SMP) was as PP/OK-type neuropeptide the Patiria pectinifera (phylum Echinodermata). Furthermore, analysis transcriptome sequence data from Asterias rubens revealed two precursors: an SMP-type precursor (A. PP-like 1; ArPPLNP1) second (ArPPLNP2). We reported previously detailed ArPPLNP1 expression A. here we report first functional characterization ArPPLNP2-derived neuropeptides. Sequencing cDNA encoding ArPPLNP2 it comprises eleven related (ArPPLN2a-k), structures which were confirmed using mass spectrometry. Analysis derived this mRNA situ hybridization immunohistochemistry widespread distribution, including radial nerve cords, circumoral ring, digestive system, tube feet innervation interossicular muscles. In vitro pharmacology ArPPLN2h has no effect on contractility or body wall-associated apical muscle, contrasting with relaxing ArPPLN1b (ArSMP) these preparations. does, however, cause dose-dependent relaxation cardiac stomach preparations, greater potency/efficacy than similar to SALMFamide S2. conclusion, there similarities patterns but our also indicate specialization roles precursors starfish.

Язык: Английский

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Receptor deorphanization in an echinoderm reveals kisspeptin evolution and relationship with SALMFamide neuropeptides

BMC Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2022

Abstract Background Kisspeptins are neuropeptides that regulate reproductive maturation in mammals via G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated stimulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion from the hypothalamus. Phylogenetic analysis kisspeptin-type receptors indicates this neuropeptide signaling system originated a common ancestor Bilateria, but little is known about kisspeptin invertebrates. Results Contrasting with occurrence single receptor mammalian species, here, we report discovery an expanded family eleven deuterostome invertebrate — starfish Asterias rubens (phylum Echinodermata). Furthermore, derived four precursor proteins were identified as ligands for six these receptors. One or more kisspeptin-like two (ArKPP1, ArKPP2) act A. (ArKPR1,3,8,9). muscle relaxants echinoderms (SALMFamides) (ArKPR6,7). The SALMFamide S1 (or ArS1.4) and ‘cocktail’ seven protein (ArS1.1-ArS1.7) ArKPR7. S2 ArS2.3) eight (ArS2.1-ArS2.8) ArKPR6. Conclusions Our findings reveal remarkable diversity provide important new insights into evolution signaling. hitherto unknown relationship kisspeptins SALMFamides, discovered prior to identification mammals, presents radical change perspective research on

Язык: Английский

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Discovery and functional characterization of neuropeptides in crinoid echinoderms

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2022

Neuropeptides are one of the largest and most diverse families signaling molecules in animals and, accordingly, they regulate many physiological processes behaviors. Genome transcriptome sequencing has enabled identification genes encoding neuropeptide precursor proteins species from a growing variety taxa, including bilaterian non-bilaterian animals. Of particular interest deuterostome invertebrates such as phylum Echinodermata, which occupies phylogenetic position that facilitated reconstruction evolution systems Bilateria. However, our knowledge echinoderms is largely based on bioinformatic experimental analysis eleutherozoans-Asterozoa (starfish brittle stars) Echinozoa (sea urchins sea cucumbers). Little known about crinoids (feather stars lilies), sister clade to Eleutherozoa. Therefore, we have analyzed transcriptome/genome sequence data three feather star species, Anneissia japonica, Antedon mediterranea, Florometra serratissima, produce first comprehensive precursors crinoids. These include representatives several predicted crinoid precursors. Using A. mediterranea an model, investigated expression selected neuropeptides larvae (doliolaria), post-metamorphic pentacrinoids adults, providing new insights into cellular architecture nervous systems. Thus, using mRNA situ hybridization F-type SALMFamide transcripts were revealed previously undescribed population peptidergic cells located dorso-laterally doliolaria. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry calcitonin-type was aboral nerve center, circumoral ring oral tube feet ectoneural entoneural compartments system adults. Moreover, functional vasopressin/oxytocin-type (crinotocin), expressed brachial arms this peptide causes dose-dependent change mechanical behavior arm preparations vitro-the reported biological action crinoid. In conclusion, findings provide perspectives foundations for further exploration expression/function eleutherozoan echinoderms.

Язык: Английский

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A potential feeding regulation strategy during aestivation: Relaxation of intestine mediated by pedal peptide/orcokinin-type neuropeptides in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Aquaculture, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 579, С. 740150 - 740150

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Characterization of NGFFYamide Signaling in Starfish Reveals Roles in Regulation of Feeding Behavior and Locomotory Systems

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2018

Neuropeptides in deuterostomian invertebrates that have an Asn-Gly motif (NG peptides) been identified as orthologs of vertebrate neuropeptide-S (NPS)-type peptides and protostomian crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP)-type peptides. To obtain new insights into the physiological roles NG invertebrates, here we characterised signalling system echinoderm – starfish Asterias rubens. The neuropeptide NGFFYamide was ligand for A. rubens NPS/CCAP-type receptor, providing further confirmation are neuropeptides. Using mRNA situ hybridisation, cells expressing precursor transcript were revealed radial nerve cords, circumoral ring, coelomic epithelium, apical muscle, body wall, stomach tube feet rubens, indicating may a variety starfish. One most remarkable aspects biology is their feeding behaviour, where everted out mouth over soft tissue prey. Previously, reported triggers retraction show vivo injection causes significant delay onset on investigate regulating other physiology, examined vitro effects found it relaxation acetylcholine-contracted muscle preparations induction tonic phasic contraction feet. Furthermore, analysis locomotor activity reduction mean velocity distance travelled. Interestingly, experimental studies mammals NPS anxiolytic suppresses appetite induces hyperactivity mammals. Our characterisation actions indicates NPS/NG peptide/CCAP-type evolutionarily ancient regulator locomotion.

Язык: Английский

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Nervous System Development and Neuropeptides Characterization in Embryo and Larva: Insights from a Non-Chordate Deuterostome, the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(10), С. 1538 - 1538

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2022

Here, we described the complex nervous system at five early developmental stages (blastula, gastrula, auricularia, doliolaria and pentactula) of a holothurian species with highly economic value, Apostichopus japonicus. The results revealed that embryos larvae is mainly distributed in anterior apical region, ciliary bands or rings, feeding attachment organs, serotonergic immunoreactivity was not observed until embryo developed into late gastrula; these are evolutionarily conserved features echinoderm, hemichordate protostome larvae. Furthermore, based on available transcriptome data, reported neuropeptide precursors profile different embryonic larval stages. This analysis showed 40 present adult sea cucumbers were also identified larvae, only four (SWYG precursor 2, GYWKDLDNYVKAHKT precursor, Neuropeptide 14-like GLRFAmprecursor-like precursor) predicted adults absent Combining quantitative expression ten specific genes (NPs) by qRT-PCR, potential important roles neuropeptides development, A. japonicus In conclusion, this work provides novel perspectives diverse physiological functions contributes to understanding evolution neuropeptidergic systems echinoderm

Язык: Английский

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Expression of the neuropeptide SALMFamide-1 during regeneration of the seastar radial nerve cord following arm autotomy

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 286(1901), С. 20182701 - 20182701

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2019

Arm loss through a separation at specialized autotomy plane in echinoderms is inextricably linked to regeneration, but the link between these phenomena poorly explored. We investigated nervous system regeneration post-autotomy asteriid seastar Coscinasterias muricata, focusing on reorganization of radial nerve cord (RNC) into ectoneural neuroepithelium and neuropile, hyponeural region, using antibodies seastar-specific neuropeptide SALMFamide-1 (S1). Parallel changes associated haemal coelomic vessels were also examined. A new arm bud appeared 3-5 days with over three weeks. At stump RNC immediately behind, sinus/hyponeural compartments enlarged hypertrophied space filled migratory cells that appear be involved wound healing regeneration. The provided conduit for gain rapid access site. An increase number glia-like indicates importance Proximal plane, original exhibited Wallerian-type degeneration, as seen disorganized axons S1-positive varicosities. imperative regrow lost arms quickly reflected efficiency from facilitated by appearance progenitor-like cells. In parallel its specialization defensive detachment, appears adapted promote This highlights examining autotomy-induced seastars model study deuterostomes mechanisms massive migration stem-like facilitate recovery.

Язык: Английский

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Neuropeptide expression and action in the reproductive system of the starfish Asterias rubens

The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 532(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Reproductive processes are regulated by a variety of neuropeptides in vertebrates and invertebrates. In starfish (phylum Echinodermata), relaxin‐like gonad‐stimulating peptide triggers oocyte maturation spawning. However, little is known about other as potential regulators reproduction starfish. To address this issue, here, we used histology immunohistochemistry to analyze the reproductive system Asterias rubens at four stages seasonal cycle male female animals, investigating expression eight neuropeptides: corticotropin‐releasing hormone‐type neuropeptide ArCRH, calcitonin‐type ArCT, pedal peptide‐type ArPPLN1b ArPPLN2h, vasopressin/ocytocin‐type asterotocin, gonadotropin‐releasing ArGnRH, somatostatin/allatostatin‐C‐type ArSS1 ArSS2. The five neuropeptides, ArPPLN1b, was detected gonoducts and/or gonads. For example, extensive ArPPLN2h revealed coelomic epithelial layer gonads throughout both males females. sexual differences patterns were also observed. Informed these findings, vitro pharmacological effects on gonad preparations from investigated. This that causes gonadal contraction relaxation, with being more effective ovaries than testes. Collectively, findings indicate multiple signaling systems involved regulation function starfish, some exerting excitatory or inhibitory contractility may be physiologically relevant when gametes expelled during

Язык: Английский

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