Morphological diversity of single neurons in molecularly defined cell types

Nature, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 598(7879), С. 174 - 181

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2021

Abstract Dendritic and axonal morphology reflects the input output of neurons is a defining feature neuronal types 1,2 , yet our knowledge its diversity remains limited. Here, to systematically examine complete single-neuron morphologies on brain-wide scale, we established pipeline encompassing sparse labelling, whole-brain imaging, reconstruction, registration analysis. We fully reconstructed 1,741 from cortex, claustrum, thalamus, striatum other brain regions in mice. identified 11 major projection neuron with distinct morphological features corresponding transcriptomic identities. Extensive projectional was found within each these types, basis which some were clustered into more refined subtypes. This follows set generalizable principles that govern long-range projections at different levels, including molecular correspondence, divergent or convergent projection, axon termination pattern, regional specificity, topography, individual cell variability. Although clear concordance profiles evident level type, fine-grained often does not readily correlate subtypes derived unsupervised clustering, highlighting need for single-cell cross-modality studies. Overall, study demonstrates crucial quantitative description anatomy cell-type classification, as reveals plethora ways their members may contribute configuration function respective circuits.

Язык: Английский

---

Models of psychedelic drug action: modulation of cortical-subcortical circuits

Brain, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 145(2), С. 441 - 456

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2021

Classic psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have recaptured the imagination of both science popular culture, may efficacy in treating a wide range psychiatric disorders. Human animal studies drug action brain demonstrated involvement serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor cerebral cortex acute action, but different models evolved to try explain impact 5-HT2A activation on neural systems. Two prominent (the cortico-striatal thalamo-cortical, or CSTC, model relaxed beliefs under psychedelics, REBUS, model) emphasized role subcortical structures crucial mediating effects. We describe these discuss gaps knowledge, inconsistencies literature extensions models. then introduce third circuit-level involving claustrum, thin strip grey matter between insula external capsule that densely expresses receptors cortico-claustro-cortical, CCC, model). In this model, we propose claustrum entrains canonical cortical network states, disrupt 5-HT2A-mediated coupling cortex, leading attenuation networks during Together, three many phenomena experience, using framework, future research help delineate functional specificity each circuit serotonergic non-serotonergic hallucinogens.

Язык: Английский

---

The Anatomy and Physiology of Claustrum-Cortex Interactions

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 43(1), С. 231 - 247

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2020

The claustrum is one of the most widely connected regions forebrain, yet its function has remained obscure, largely due to experimentally challenging nature targeting this small, thin, and elongated brain area. However, recent advances in molecular techniques have enabled anatomy physiology be studied with spatiotemporal cell type–specific precision required eventually converge on what area does. Here we review early anatomical electrophysiological results from cats primates, as well work rodent, identifying connectivity, types, physiological circuit mechanisms underlying communication between cortex. emerging picture which rodent closely tied frontal/limbic plays a role processes, such attention, that are associated these areas.

Язык: Английский

---

Synaptic Connectivity between the Cortex and Claustrum Is Organized into Functional Modules

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(14), С. 2777 - 2790.e4

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

A Role for the Claustrum in Salience Processing?

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2019

The claustrum (CLA) is a subcortical structure, present only in mammals, whose function remains uncertain. Previously, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) awake head-fixed rats, we found evidence that the CLA part of rodent homolog default mode network (DMN; Smith et al., 2017). This emerged as strong connections between medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), mediodorsal (MD) thalamus, and state, which was not following administration isoflurane anesthesia. In report, review indicating also has with structures identified salience (SN), circuit directs attention towards most relevant stimuli among multitude sensory inputs (Seeley 2007; Menon Uddin, 2010). humans, this consists anterior cingulate (ACC) region encompasses both insular cortex. We further go on to similarities differences anatomical insula rodents rs-fMRI neuroanatomical tracing, respectively. analyze detail connectivity cortex, major node SN been shown modulate attention. When considered other recent behavior physiology studies, data reveal role for salience-guided orienting. More specifically, hypothesize limbic information from mPFC, MD basolateral amygdala (BLA) are integrated by guide modality-related regions motor directing (i.e., salient) events.

Язык: Английский

---

Neuroanatomical tract-tracing techniques that did go viral

Brain Structure and Function, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 225(4), С. 1193 - 1224

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2020

Neuroanatomical tracing methods remain fundamental for elucidating the complexity of brain circuits. During past decades, technical arsenal at our disposal has been greatly enriched, with a steady supply fresh arrivals. This paper provides landscape view classical and modern tools tract-tracing purposes. Focus is placed on that have gone viral, i.e., became most widespread used fully reliable. To keep an historical perspective, we start by reviewing one-dimensional, standalone transport-tracing tools; these including today's two favorite anterograde neuroanatomical tracers such as Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin biotinylated dextran amine. Next, emphasis several widely retrograde purposes, where Fluoro-Gold in opinion represents best example. Furthermore, it worth noting multi-dimensional paradigms can be designed combining different or applying given tracer together detecting one more neurochemical substances, illustrated here examples. Finally, without any doubt are currently witnessing unstoppable spectacular rise molecular-genetic techniques based use modified viruses delivery vehicles genetic material, therefore, pushing field forward into new era. In summary, here, aim to provide neuroscientists advice background required when facing choice which tracer-or combination thereof-might suited addressing experimental design.

Язык: Английский

---

In search of common developmental and evolutionary origin of the claustrum and subplate

The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 528(17), С. 2956 - 2977

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2020

The human claustrum, a major hub of widespread neocortical connections, is thin, bilateral sheet gray matter located between the insular cortex and striatum. subplate largely transient cortical structure that contains some earliest generated neurons cerebral has important developmental functions to establish intra- extracortical connections. In macaque cells undergo regulated cell death, but remain as interstitial white cells. mouse rat brains compact layer formed, Layer 6b, it remains underneath cortex, adjacent matter. Whether 6b in rodents homologous primate or still debated. Gene expression patterns, such those Nurr1/Nr4a2, have suggested rodent persistent claustrum might similar origins. Moreover, birthdates are similarly precocious mice. These observations prompted our speculations on common evolutionary origin subplate. Here we systematically compare currently available data cytoarchitecture, origin, gene expression, types, birthdates, neurogenesis, lineage migration, circuit connectivity, death contribute Based their similarities differences propose partially early become subplate, likely scenario shared these populations across all amniotes.

Язык: Английский

---

The claustrum

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(23), С. R1401 - R1406

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

Neural activity in the mouse claustrum in a cross-modal sensory selection task

Neuron, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 110(3), С. 486 - 501.e7

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

Claustrum mediates bidirectional and reversible control of stress-induced anxiety responses

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(11)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2022

The processing of stress responses involves brain-wide communication among cortical and subcortical regions; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that claustrum (CLA) is crucial for control stress-induced anxiety-related behaviors. A combined approach using brain activation mapping machine learning showed CLA serves as a reliable marker exposure to acute stressors. In TRAP2 mice, which allow activity-dependent genetic labeling, chemogenetic neuronal ensemble tagged by social defeat (DS) elicited behaviors, whereas silencing attenuated DS-induced Moreover, received strong input from DS-activated basolateral amygdala neurons, its circuit-selective optogenetic photostimulation temporarily Last, during increased resistance chronic DS. thus bidirectionally controls emotional responses, inactivation can serve preventative strategy increase resilience.

Язык: Английский

---