Variations on an ancient theme — the central complex across insects
Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
57, С. 101390 - 101390
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024
The
central
complex
(CX)
is
a
highly
conserved
region
of
the
insect
brain,
and
its
ubiquitous
occurrence
suggests
that
neural
circuits
are
fundamental
importance.
While
overall
layout
has
not
changed
since
evolution
flight,
substantial
variations
exist
in
internal
organization
all
CX
components.
By
changing
details
system
repeating
columns
layers,
these
differences
affect
almost
crystalline
thus
characteristic
neuroarchitecture
directly
links
structure
with
function.
neuropil
level
changes
suggest
widespread
cellular
architecture
circuits,
data
at
deeper
levels
mostly
limited
to
fruit
fly
Drosophila.
Nevertheless,
interspecies
neuron-level
have
begun
emerge.
Whereas
small
compared
astounding
degree
conservation,
they
reveal
evolvable
aspects
circuitry,
providing
promising
starting
points
for
future
research
using
comparative
circuit-level
analysis.
Язык: Английский
Evolution of neural circuitry and cognition
Biology Letters,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
20(5)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2024
Neural
circuits
govern
the
interface
between
external
environment,
internal
cues
and
outwardly
directed
behaviours.
To
process
multiple
environmental
stimuli
integrate
these
with
state
requires
considerable
neural
computation.
Expansion
in
network
size,
most
readily
represented
by
whole
brain
has
historically
been
linked
to
behavioural
complexity,
or
predominance
of
cognitive
Yet,
it
is
largely
unclear
which
aspects
circuit
variation
impact
performance.
A
key
question
field
evolutionary
neurobiology
therefore
how
evolve
allow
improved
performance
innovation.
We
discuss
this
first
exploring
volumetric
changes
areas
reflect
actual
change.
explore
three
major
axes
evolution-replication,
restructuring
reconditioning
cells
circuits-and
could
relate
broader
phenotypes
variation.
This
discussion
touches
on
relevant
uses
limitations
volumetrics,
while
advocating
a
more
circuit-based
view
cognition.
then
use
framework
showcase
an
example
from
insect
brain,
multi-sensory
integration
processing
that
shared
mushroom
bodies
central
complex.
end
identifying
future
trends
research
area,
promise
advance
neurobiology.
Язык: Английский
Conservation and divergence of the retinal homeobox genetic neural lineage between Drosophila melanogaster and Tribolium castaneum
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Brains
are
the
central
organ
integrating
sensory
information
and
orchestrating
behaviour.
Their
function
development
of
great
scientific
interest,
but
their
enormous
complexity
makes
them
difficult
to
study.
The
reduced
size
insect
brains
compared
mammal
brains,
together
with
extraordinary
experimental
toolkits,
make
model
organisms
an
excellent
study
case.
Insect
have
a
conserved
structure
functional
subunits,
neuropils,
at
same
time,
strong
divergence
across
large
number
species
is
observed.
These
aspects
offer
opportunity
developmental
processes
responsible
for
evolutionary
divergence.
complex
(CX)
very
neuropil
navigation
by
orientation
motor
control.
A
curious
between
shift
in
timing,
so-called
heterochrony:
some
CX
larva
while
others
develop
it
during
metamorphosis.
It
has
remained
enigmatic,
how
homologous
cells
divergently
different
realise
these
changes.
transcription
factor
(TF)
retinal
homeobox
(rx)
expressed
anterior
brain
many
animals
involved
development.
In
insects,
Rx-positive
contribute
formation
CX.
this
study,
I
applied
concept
genetic
neural
lineage
(GNL)
brains.
GNL
includes
all
neurons
expressing
certain
regulatory
gene
likely
species,
particularly
GNLs
TFs
like
rx.
genetically
labelled
rx
beetle
Tribolium
castaneum
using
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated
knock-in
reporter
GFP,
as
was
previously
done
Drosophila
melanogaster.
Using
two
transgenic
lines,
able
compare
stages
revealing
conservation
GNL.
Cells
were
analysed
terms
number,
cell
body
position,
projection
pattern
neurotransmitter
content.
Based
on
factors,
defined
expression
domains
clusters
assessed
basically
population.
showed
association
CX,
most
projections
entering
upper
unit
noduli.
Additionally,
there
lateral
accessory
lobe
well
involvement
neuroendocrine
system
pars
intercerebralis.
found
several
cases
including
additional
clusters,
organisation
arrangements,
numbers
diverged
roles
mushroom
that
do
not
express
neurotransmitters
GABA,
serotonin
or
dopamine,
nonetheless,
data
provided
framework
homologising
clusters.
Furthermore,
volume
larval
adult
melanogaster
discovered
set
serotonergic
tangential
lower
castaneum,
which
described
before.
This
work
reveals
interesting
divergences
brain,
now
allows
studying
underpinnings
Further,
shows
potential
powerful
tool
biology.
Expanding
approach
include
more
could
provide
insights
into
evolution
Язык: Английский
The neuroethology of ant navigation
Current Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
35(3), С. R110 - R124
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Unlike
any
other
group
of
animals,
all
ant
species
are
social:
individual
ants
share
the
food
they
gather
with
their
nestmates
and
as
a
consequence
must
repeatedly
leave
nest
to
find
then
return
home
it.
These
back-and-forth
foraging
trips
have
been
studied
for
about
century
much
our
growing
understanding
strategies
underlying
animal
navigation
has
come
from
these
studies.
One
important
strategy
that
use
keep
track
where
on
trip
is
'path
integration',
in
which
continuously
update
'home
vector'
gives
estimated
distance
direction
nest.
As
path
integration
accumulates
errors,
it
cannot
be
relied
bring
precisely
home:
such
precision
accomplished
by
using
views
acquired
before
start
foraging.
Further
learning
scaffolded
vectors
or
remembered
vectors,
guide
route
help
useful
experienced
way.
Many
rely
olfaction
well
vision
guidance
full
details
paths
revealed
how
mix
innate
learnt
multisensory
cues.
Wood
ants,
we
focus
this
review,
take
an
oscillating
along
pheromone
trail
sample
odours,
but
acquire
visual
information
only
at
peaks
troughs
oscillations.
To
provide
working
model
neural
basis
multimodal
navigational
outline
anatomy
functioning
major
central
brain
areas
circuits
-
complex,
mushroom
bodies
lateral
accessory
lobes
involved
coordination
behaviour
olfactory
patterns.
Because
brains
not
yet
well-studied,
work
done
notably,
Drosophila,
silkworm
moths
bees
derive
plausible
circuitry
can
deliver
ants'
strategies.
Язык: Английский
Mosaic evolution of a learning and memory circuit in Heliconiini butterflies
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2024
Abstract
A
critical
function
of
central
neural
circuits
is
to
integrate
sensory
and
internal
information
cause
a
behavioural
output.
Evolution
modifies
such
generate
adaptive
change
in
detection
behaviour,
but
it
remains
unclear
how
selection
does
so
the
context
existing
functional
developmental
constraints.
Here,
we
explore
this
question
by
analysing
evolutionary
dynamics
insect
mushroom
body
circuits.
Mushroom
bodies
are
constructed
from
conserved
wiring
logic,
mainly
consisting
Kenyon
cells,
dopaminergic
neurons
output
neurons.
cells
carry
identity
signals,
which
modified
strength
carried
forward
into
other
brain
areas
Despite
makeup
circuit,
there
huge
diversity
size
shape
across
insects.
However,
an
empirical
framework
evolution
architecture
circuit
largely
lacking.
To
address
this,
leverage
recent
radiation
Neotropical
tribe
butterflies,
Heliconiini
(Nymphalidae),
show
extensive
variation
over
comparatively
short
phylogenetic
timescales,
linked
specific
changes
foraging
ecology,
life
history
cognition.
understand
mechanism
increase
accommodated
through
lobe
architecture,
first
combined
immunostainings
structural
markers,
neurotransmitters
injections
generate,
our
knowledge,
most
detailed
description
Papilionoidea
butterfly
lobe.
We
then
provide
comparative,
quantitative
dataset
shows
that
some
cell
populations
expanded
with
higher
rate
than
others
Heliconius
,
providing
anatomical
parallel
shifts
behaviour.
Finally,
identified
GABA-ergic
feedback
essential
for
non-elemental
learning
sparse
coding,
conservation
neuron
number.
Taken
together,
results
demonstrate
mosaic
functionally
related
systems
types
identify
malleability
architecturally
guides
adaptation
cognitive
ability.
Язык: Английский
Immunolocalization of SIFamide-like neuropeptides in the adult and developing central nervous system of the amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis (Malacostraca, Peracarida, Amphipoda)
Arthropod Structure & Development,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
77, С. 101309 - 101309
Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2023
Язык: Английский
Mosaic evolution of a learning and memory circuit in Heliconiini butterflies
Current Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Neuroarchitecture of the Central Complex in the Madeira Cockroach Rhyparobia maderae: Tangential Neurons
The Journal of Comparative Neurology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
532(12)
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Navigating
in
diverse
environments
to
find
food,
shelter,
or
mating
partners
is
an
important
ability
for
nearly
all
animals.
Insects
have
evolved
navigational
strategies
survive
challenging
and
unknown
environments.
In
the
insect
brain,
central
complex
(CX)
plays
role
spatial
orientation
directed
locomotion.
It
consists
of
protocerebral
bridge
(PB),
body
with
upper
(CBU)
lower
division
(CBL),
paired
noduli
(NO).
As
shown
various
species,
CX
integrates
multisensory
cues,
including
sky
compass
signals,
wind
direction,
ego-motion
provide
goal-directed
vector
output
used
steering
locomotion
flight.
While
most
these
data
originate
from
studies
on
day-active
insects,
less
known
about
night-active
species
such
as
cockroaches.
Following
our
analysis
columnar
pontine
neurons,
present
study
complements
investigation
cellular
architecture
Madeira
cockroach
by
analyzing
tangential
neurons.
Based
single-cell
tracer
injections,
we
further
details
internal
organization
distinguished
27
types
neuron,
three
neuron
innervating
PB,
six
CBL,
18
CBU.
The
anterior
lip,
a
brain
area
flies
highly
reduced
bees,
crepine
are
strongly
connected
CBU
contrast
other
species.
One
revealed
direct
connection
between
mushroom
bodies
Язык: Английский