Increased functional connectivity of motor regions and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in musicians with focal hand dystonia
Journal of Neurology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
272(4)
Опубликована: Март 22, 2025
Abstract
Background
Musician’s
dystonia
is
the
most
common
form
of
focal
task-specific
and
suggested
to
be
result
dysfunctional
communication
among
sensory-motor
networks.
Thus
far,
few
functional
connectivity
studies
have
investigated
musician’s
specifically,
leaving
its
exact
pathophysiological
mechanisms
unclear.
The
goal
this
study
was
verify
findings
from
other
dystonias
on
a
large
sample
hand
patients
analyze
associations
with
possible
adverse
childhood
experiences,
risk
factor
for
dystonia.
Methods
Forty
professional
musicians
suffering
matched
control
group
healthy
underwent
resting-state
magnetic
resonance
imaging
answered
trauma
questionnaire.
Using
seed-to-whole
brain
approach,
alterations
between
motor
cortices,
prefrontal
cortex,
basal
ganglia
thalamus
were
analyzed.
Results
showed
increased
dorsolateral
cortex
putamen
pallidum,
especially
in
right-side
affected
patients.
Patients
further
displayed
left
right
lateral
premotor
cortex.
No
connectivity,
duration
disorder
adversity
observed.
Conclusion
are
consistent
previous
research,
highlighting
importance
ganglia.
Altered
may
reflect
underlying
neuroplastic
changes
that
lead
an
altered
flow
information,
disrupting
movement
inhibition.
Involvement
cortices
suggests
disturbances
occur
early
planning
phase
movement.
indicate
holistic
re-training
approach
without
instrument
could
beneficial
regaining
control.
Язык: Английский
New Perspectives on Non-Invasive Cerebellar Stimulation for Social and Affective Functions in Children and Adolescents
The Cerebellum,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2025
Cerebellar
dysfunction
affects
socio-affective
abilities
beyond
motor
control.
Recent
studies
suggest
that
non-invasive
cerebellar
neurostimulation
can
modulate
social
cognition
networks,
offering
potential
therapeutic
benefits
for
children
with
autism,
ADHD,
and
mood
disorders.
However,
its
application
in
pediatrics
remains
largely
unexplored.
This
review
summarizes
emerging
pediatric
research
on
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
(TMS)
direct
current
(tDCS).
We
discuss
their
mechanisms,
benefits,
safety
considerations,
highlighting
preliminary
findings
feasibility
effectiveness.
Ethical
concerns
technical
challenges
related
to
neuroanatomy
parameters
are
also
addressed.
While
early
results
promising,
further
clinical
trials
neurophysiological
essential
optimize
protocols
confirm
long-term
efficacy.
Advancing
our
understanding
of
involvement
functions
could
lead
innovative
rehabilitation
strategies
neurodevelopmental
Язык: Английский