Minimum size limits and the reproductive value of numerous, young, mature female fish
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
288(1946), С. 20202714 - 20202714
Опубликована: Март 10, 2021
Fisheries
management
relies
on
various
catch
and
effort
controls
to
preserve
spawning
stock
biomass
maximize
sustainable
yields
while
limiting
fishery
impacts
marine
ecosystems.
These
include
species-specific
minimum
or
maximum
size
limits
protect
either
small
non-reproductive
subadults,
a
portion
of
reproductively
mature
adults,
large
highly
fecund
individuals.
Protecting
classes
fish
is
expected
yield
viable
source
larvae
for
replenishing
populations
reduce
the
risk
recruitment
overfishing,
yet
size-specific
contributions
have
rarely
been
assessed
empirically.
Here,
we
apply
genetic
parentage
analysis
measure
reproductive
success
size-structured
population
commercially
important
species
coral
grouper
(
Plectropomus
maculatus
—Serranidae)
in
no-take
reserves
(NTMRs)
Great
Barrier
Reef
Marine
Park,
Australia.
Although
per
capita
individual
increases
rapidly
with
body
length,
numerous
young
female
fish,
below
limit
(MSL)
(38
cm
total
length),
were
responsible
generating
disproportionately
(36%)
towards
larval
replenishment
both
fished
reserve
reefs.
Our
findings
indicate
that
MSLs
are
an
effective
harvest
control
safeguard
supplement
subsidies
assured
from
NTMRs.
Язык: Английский
Projecting the timescale of initial increase in fishery yield after implementation of marine protected areas
ICES Journal of Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
78(5), С. 1860 - 1871
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2020
Abstract
Adaptive
management
of
marine
protected
areas
(MPAs)
to
determine
whether
they
are
meeting
their
intended
goals
requires
predicting
how
soon
those
will
be
realized.
Such
predictions
have
been
made
for
increases
in
fish
abundance
and
biomass
inside
MPAs.
However,
projecting
fishery
yield
(“fishery
spillover”)
is
more
complex
because
it
involves
both
the
managed
uncertainty
larval
connectivity.
We
developed
a
two-patch,
age-structured
population
model,
based
on
renewal
equation
approach,
project
initial
timing
increase
from
larvae
exported
no-take
MPA.
Our
results
link
our
understanding
predicted
(and
thus
reproduction)
MPAs
with
time-lags
associated
new
recruits
entering
fishery.
show
that
time-lag
between
peaking
within
MPA
increased
outside
reaching
its
maximum
depends,
predictable
way,
age-dependent
patterns
growth,
natural
mortality,
fishing
mortality.
apply
this
analysis
16
species
US
Pacific
coast;
difference
ranged
7
18
years.
This
model
provides
broadly
applicable
guidance
important
emerging
aspect
fisheries
management.
Язык: Английский
Sex analysis in marine biological systems: insights and opportunities
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(7), С. 324 - 332
Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2023
The
ocean
is
facing
unprecedented
challenges
due
to
the
escalating
impacts
of
climate
change
and
other
pressures
threatening
ecosystems
many
benefits
they
provide.
Effective
strategies
for
reversing
loss
biodiversity
rely
on
knowledge
how
marine
organisms,
populations,
communities
respond
environmental
change.
A
fundamental
but
often
overlooked
biological
characteristic
organisms
sex,
which
distinct
from
sociocultural
gender.
Here,
we
examined
sex
influences
communities,
through
a
review
analysis
applications
in
research.
We
found
that
broadly
affects
morphology,
physiology,
behavior,
distribution
populations
across
taxa,
with
evidence
sex‐specific
differences
survival
thermal
stress,
timing
mechanisms,
energetics.
To
facilitate
further
integration
into
research,
synthesize
current
approaches,
discuss
methodological
logistical
challenges,
lay
out
guidelines
future
Язык: Английский
The consequences of size‐selective fishing mortality for larval production and sustainable yield in species with obligate male care
Fish and Fisheries,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
21(6), С. 1135 - 1149
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2020
Abstract
Size‐based
harvest
limits
or
gear
regulations
are
often
used
to
manage
fishing
mortality
and
ensure
the
spawning
biomass
of
females
is
sufficiently
protected.
Yet,
management
interactions
with
species’
mating
systems
that
affect
fishery
sustainability
yield
rarely
considered.
For
species
obligate
male
care,
it
possible
size‐specific
males
will
decrease
larval
production.
In
order
examine
how
size‐based
practices
interact
systems,
we
modelled
fisheries
two
care
nests,
corkwing
wrasse
(
Symphodus
melops
,
Labridae)
lingcod
Ophiodon
elongatus,
Hexigrammidae)
under
scenarios,
a
minimum
size
limit
slot
limit.
We
simulated
population
dynamics,
production
range
mortalities.
also
size‐dependent
determine
its
interaction
management.
both
species,
decreased
by
<12%
(relative
limits)
at
low
mortalities;
higher
mortalities,
individuals
survived
outgrow
potential
substantially
relative
unfished
levels,
similar
limits.
Spawning
less
when
managed
if
included
positive
feedback
between
size,
hatching
success,
but
benefit
implementing
depended
on
proportions
each
sex
selected
our
assumptions
regarding
care.
This
work
highlights
effects
size‐
sex‐selective
can
be
nuanced
produce
counter‐intuitive
results.
Язык: Английский
Recruitment variability and sampling design interact to influence the detectability of protected area effects
Ecological Applications,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
32(2)
Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2021
Abstract
Correctly
identifying
the
effects
of
a
human
impact
on
system
is
persistent
challenge
in
ecology,
driven
partly
by
variable
nature
natural
systems.
This
particularly
true
many
marine
fishery
species,
which
frequently
experience
large
temporal
fluctuations
recruitment
that
produce
interannual
variations
populations.
variability
complicates
efforts
to
maintain
stocks
at
management
targets
or
detect
rebuilding
efforts.
We
address
this
context
no‐take
reserves
exploring
how
larval
could
interact
with
timing
reserve
establishment
and
choice
sampling
design
affect
population
dynamics
detectability
effects.
To
predict
changes
years
following
implementation,
we
first
tested
for
periodicity
an
important
U.S.
Pacific
coast
recreational
species
(kelp
bass,
Paralabrax
clathratus
)
then
included
pattern
model.
also
used
model
determine
increases
under
alternative
approaches
minimum
age
sampled.
Kelp
bass
Channel
Islands,
California,
peaked
every
about
six
(major)
two
(minor)
years.
Our
showed
establishing
during
peak
trough
enhanced
delayed,
respectively,
post‐reserve
increases.
However,
obscure
failing
reserve,
is,
unable
secure
longer‐term
metapopulation
persistence.
Recruitment
peaks
troughs
interacted
Designs
compared
inside‐outside
were
most
robust
recruitment,
but
failed
capture
whether
has
improved
growth.
time
element
(e.g.,
before‐after)
are
more
suited
assessing
effectiveness,
sensitive
variation
can
change
year‐to‐year.
Notably,
did
not
always
increase
monotonically
age;
optimal
depended
organisms
sampled
was
greatest
when
cohort
major
appeared
sampling.
encourage
managers
account
planning
monitoring
assessment
programs.
Язык: Английский
Demographic Recovery of a Reef Fish Population Over 30 Years of Spawning Aggregation Site Protection
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Июль 22, 2022
Over
200
species
of
reef
fish
around
the
world
form
spawning
aggregations
to
reproduce
at
specific
times
and
locations.
The
locations
many
in
Caribbean
have
been
known
fished
for
decades.
Red
Hind
(
Epinephelus
guttatus
),
a
grouper
important
fisheries,
migrate
which
historically
experienced
intense
fishing
pressure.
Bank
Marine
Conservation
District
(MCD)
was
established
United
States
Virgin
Islands
protect
aggregation
site.
MCD
closed
seasonally
1990
then
permanently
1999.
Our
goal
evaluate
success
this
marine
conservation
effort
by
assessing
how
population
responded
changing
levels
protection.
We
documented
demographics
site
during
peak
events
from
2018
2020.
After
30
years
protection,
mean
size
increased
>35%
sex
ratio
females
males
less
skewed
compared
characteristics
prior
To
stock
status
relative
management
benchmarks,
we
used
length-based
assessment
models
that
included
situ
distribution
data
spanning
1988
2020
estimate
potential
(SPR)
over
time.
found
SPR
protection
0.32
(95%
CI:
0.25,
0.39)
under
seasonal
slightly
0.35
0.28,
0.42).
Under
permanent
its
highest
value
yet
0.49
0.42,
0.56),
is
above
benchmark
considered
sustainable
species.
work
demonstrates
demographic
recovery
protected
highlights
using
response
data-limited
populations
sites.
Язык: Английский
Demographic Consequences of Small-Scale Fisheries for Two Sex-Changing Groupers of the Tropical Eastern Pacific
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Март 30, 2022
The
effects
of
fishing
on
the
demography
and
population
ecology
sex-changing
fishes
are
largely
unknown,
despite
fact
that
their
fisheries
provide
important
economic
nutritional
resources
in
coastal
communities
throughout
tropics,
especially
Latin
America.
Species
with
female-first
sex
change
often
have
naturally
skewed
ratios
adult
population,
pressure
can
alter
this
natural
bias,
limiting
egg
production
fertilization
success.
How
alters
vital
rates
depends
which
sizes
sexes
selected.
We
consider
two
types
fishery
selectivity
“asymptotic
(selecting
largest
fish)
plate-sized
fish
between
a
narrow,
but
small,
size
range)”
to
represent
for
species
Tropical
Eastern
Pacific,
Pacific
goliath
grouper
(
Epinephelus
quinquefasciatus
)
endemic
sailfin
Mycteroperca
olfax
Galapagos
Islands,
known
locally
as
bacalao.
Each
these
large,
long-lived
support
small
scale
significant
value,
there
is
limited
information
effort,
selectivity,
or
trends.
Using
model,
we
estimate
how
biology
contributes
risk
overexploitation
under
different
possible
scenarios
reproductive
biology.
Specifically,
variation
growth
interact
affect
age
structure
ratios.
compare
metrics
status:
spawning
potential
ratio
(SPR),
relative
standing
biomass
after
(B
F
/B
0
).
In
our
modeled
populations,
when
were
reduced,
rapidly
decreased
both
species,
did
not
at
moderate
levels
mortality.
However,
predict
low
success,
fast
somatic
growth,
asymptotic
decreases
biomass,
even
exploitation,
suggesting
factors
cause
rapid
depletion
species.
Our
findings
highlight
key
gaps
knowledge
behavior
success
must
be
filled
if
sustainably
manage
culturally
economically
fisheries.
Язык: Английский
A Science Mapping Analysis of Sixty-Seven Years of Scientific Evolution about the Transgender Population
Опубликована: Июль 5, 2021
Gender
and
identity
issues
permeate
society
as
a
whole.
Therefore,
the
matters
involving
transgender
individuals
should
be
analised
in
order
to
understand
difficulties
experienced
by
this
population
social
practices
implemented.
In
sense,
objective
of
study
was
investigate
strategic
themes
their
evolution
relation
theme.
For
this,
bibliometric
performance
network
analysis
(BPNA)
carried
out
with
existing
data
Web
Science
database
between
1954
march
2021.
Twenty-three
thousand
four
hundred
seventy-one
(23,471)
articles
were
identified,
which
included
SciMAT
software
perform
analysis,
resulting
graph
thematic
structure
diagram,
8
motor
cross-cutting
theme
great
magnitude
are
highlighted,
discussed
depth.
The
results
show
gender,
identity,
sexual
orientation,
hormone
therapy
gender-affirming
surgery.
It
is
concluded
that,
despite
large
number
associated
researches,
some
areas
still
incipient,
such
inclusion
people
formal
labor
market
prison
context,
thus
opening
field
for
further
studies.
Язык: Английский
The consequences of size-selective fishing mortality for larval production and sustainable yield in species with obligate male care
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 25, 2020
Abstract
Size-based
harvest
limits
or
gear
regulations
are
often
used
to
manage
fishing
mortality
and
ensure
the
spawning
biomass
of
females
is
sufficiently
protected.
Yet,
management
interactions
with
species’
mating
systems
that
affect
fishery
sustainability
yield
rarely
considered.
For
species
obligate
male
care,
it
possible
size-specific
males
will
decrease
larval
production.
In
order
examine
how
size-based
practices
interact
systems,
we
modeled
fisheries
two
care
nests,
corkwing
wrasse
(
Symphodus
melops
,
Labridae)
lingcod
Ophiodon
elongatus
Hexigrammidae)
under
scenarios,
a
minimum
size
limit
slot
limit.
We
simulated
population
dynamics,
production,
range
mortalities.
also
size-dependent
determine
its
interaction
management.
both
species,
decreased
by
less
than
12%
(relative
limits)
at
low
mortalities;
higher
mortalities,
individuals
survived
outgrow
potential
substantially
relative
unfished
levels,
similar
limits.
Spawning
when
managed
if
included
positive
feedback
between
size,
hatching
success,
but
benefit
implementing
depended
on
proportions
each
sex
selected
fishery,
our
assumptions
regarding
care.
This
work
highlights
effects
size-
sex-selective
can
be
nuanced
produce
counter-intuitive
results.
Язык: Английский
Development of reproductive potential in protogynous coral reef fishes within Philippine no‐take marine reserves
Journal of Fish Biology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
99(5), С. 1561 - 1575
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2021
ABSTRACT
Empirical
evidence
for
increases
in
the
reproductive
potential
(egg
output
per
unit
area)
of
coral
reef
fish
no‐take
marine
reserves
(NTMRs)
is
sparse.
Here,
we
inferred
development
two
species
protogynous
fishes,
Chlorurus
bleekeri
(Labridae:
Scarinae)
and
Cephalopholis
argus
(Epinephelidae),
inside
outside
Philippine
NTMRs.
We
estimated
key
parameters
applied
these
to
species‐specific
density
length
data
from
17
NTMRs
(durations
protection
0–11
years)
paired
fished
sites
(controls)
a
space‐for‐time
substitution
approach.
For
C.
,
also
used
collected
almost
annually
over
29
years
NTMR
an
adjacent
control
at
Apo
Island.
The
results
suggest
that
can
develop
6.0
times
greater
than
controls
after
11
protection,
equivalent
approximately
582,000
more
eggs
produced
500
m
−2
Enhancement
was
not
evident
substitution.
At
Island
NTMR,
increased
6‐fold
but
NTMR/control
ratios
decreased
through
time
(from
3.2
2.4),
probably
due
spillover
control.
produce
113,000
29th
year
protection.
Ratios
between
were
often
corresponding
or
biomass.
study
underscores
importance
life
history
traits
drive
variation
larval
subsidies
originate
Язык: Английский