Progress in Physical Geography Earth and Environment,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
47(3), С. 369 - 394
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2022
Wildfire
has
increased
in
severity
and
frequency
with
climate
change
human
activities
recent
years,
threatening
water-related
ecosystem
services.
Forested
watersheds
are
at
risk
of
impacts
wildfires
that
alter
land
cover,
hydrological
processes,
influence
drinking
water
quality
aquatic
habitat.
To
date,
most
research
on
post-fire
hydrologic
effects
focused
quantity,
while
stream
temperature
turbidity
received
less
attention.
In
this
study,
we
reviewed
62
articles
to
examine
wildfire
drivers
processes
associated
behavior
through
a
geographic
lens
the
context
Our
goals
were
(1)
evaluate
changes
temperature;
(2)
mechanisms
responsible
for
spatial
temporal
variabilities
changes;
(3)
address
scale-dependent
knowledge
gaps
recommend
future
directions.
Positive
correlations
between
following
heavily
influenced
by
fire
severity,
forest
diversity,
landscape
alterations
such
as
salvage
logging.
Stream
increases
result
from
loss
riparian
canopy
cover
decreased
shading,
but
they
highly
site-specific
dependent
topographic
variations.
We
attribute
our
findings
variability
heavy
disparity
across
scales
when
assessing
direction
magnitude
impacts.
Future
should
incorporate
more
long-term
rigorous
monitoring
efforts
spatiotemporally
explicit
models
better
represent
complex
system
influences
quality.
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2020
Abstract
Beavers
have
the
ability
to
modify
ecosystems
profoundly
meet
their
ecological
needs,
with
significant
associated
hydrological,
geomorphological,
ecological,
and
societal
impacts.
To
bring
together
understanding
of
role
that
beavers
may
play
in
management
water
resources,
freshwater,
terrestrial
ecosystems,
this
article
reviews
state‐of‐the‐art
scientific
beaver
as
quintessential
ecosystem
engineer.
This
review
has
a
European
focus
but
examines
key
research
considering
both
Castor
fiber
—the
Eurasian
canadensis
—its
North
American
counterpart.
In
recent
decades
species
reintroductions
across
Europe,
concurrent
natural
expansion
refugia
populations
led
return
C.
much
its
range
estimating
population
Europe
numbers
over
1.5
million
individuals.
As
such,
there
is
an
increasing
need
for
impacts
intensively
populated
managed,
contemporary
landscapes.
summarizes
how
impact:
(a)
structure
geomorphology,
(b)
hydrology
(c)
quality,
(d)
freshwater
ecology,
(e)
humans
society.
It
concludes
by
examining
future
considerations
be
resolved
further
expand
northern
hemisphere
emphasis
upon
services
they
can
provide
will
necessary
maximize
benefits
minimize
conflicts.
categorized
under:
Water
Life
>
Nature
Freshwater
Ecosystems
Earth-Science Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
218, С. 103623 - 103623
Опубликована: Май 5, 2021
Beavers
(Castor
fiber,
Castor
canadensis)
are
one
of
the
most
influential
mammalian
ecosystem
engineers,
heavily
modifying
river
corridor
hydrology,
geomorphology,
nutrient
cycling,
and
ecosystems.
As
an
agent
disturbance,
they
achieve
this
first
foremost
through
dam
construction,
which
impounds
flow
increases
extent
open
water,
from
all
other
landscape
impacts
follow.
After
a
long
period
local
regional
eradication,
beaver
populations
have
been
recovering
expanding
throughout
Europe
North
America,
as
well
introduced
species
in
South
prompting
need
to
comprehensively
review
current
state
knowledge
on
how
beavers
influence
structure
function
corridors.
Here,
we
synthesize
overall
biogeochemistry,
aquatic
terrestrial
Our
key
findings
that
complex
dams
can
increase
surface
subsurface
water
storage,
modify
reach
scale
partitioning
budgets,
allow
site
specific
flood
attenuation,
alter
low
evaporation,
residence
times,
geomorphic
heterogeneity,
delay
sediment
transport,
carbon,
expand
anaerobic
conditions
interfaces,
downstream
export
dissolved
organic
carbon
ammonium,
decrease
nitrate,
lotic
lentic
habitat
transitions
primary
production,
induce
'reverse'
succession
riparian
vegetation
assemblages,
complexity
biodiversity
scales.
We
then
examine
feedbacks
overlaps
between
these
changes
caused
by
beavers,
where
longitudinal
hydrologic
connectivity
create
ponds
wetlands,
ecosystems,
vertical
hydraulic
exchange
gradients,
biogeochemical
cycling
per
unit
stream
length,
while
increased
lateral
will
determine
area
wetland
littoral
zone
habitats,
assemblages.
However,
depends
firstly
hydro-geomorphic
context,
determines
floodplain
inundation,
driver
subsequent
hydrologic,
geomorphic,
biogeochemical,
dynamics.
Secondly,
it
length
time
sustain
disturbance
at
given
site,
is
constrained
top
down
(e.g.
predation)
bottom
up
competition)
feedbacks,
ultimately
pathways
following
abandonment.
This
outsized
processes
also
fundamentally
distinct
what
occurs
their
absence.
Current
management
restoration
practices
therefore
re-examination
order
account
for
both
positive
negative,
such
potentially
accommodate
enhance
engineering
services
provide.
It
hoped
our
synthesis
holistic
framework
evaluating
be
used
endeavor
scientists
managers
into
future
continue
numbers
range.
Hydrological Processes,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
35(5)
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2021
Abstract
2020
is
the
year
of
wildfire
records.
California
experienced
its
three
largest
fires
early
in
fire
season.
The
Pantanal,
wetland
on
planet,
burned
over
20%
surface.
More
than
18
million
hectares
forest
and
bushland
during
2019–2020
season
Australia,
killing
33
people,
destroying
nearly
2500
homes,
endangering
many
endemic
species.
direct
cost
damages
being
counted
dozens
billion
dollars,
but
indirect
costs
water‐related
ecosystem
services
benefits
could
be
equally
expensive,
with
impacts
lasting
for
decades.
In
extreme
precipitation
(“200
mm
day
−1
several
location”)
that
interrupted
catastrophic
triggered
a
series
watershed
effects
from
headwaters
to
areas
downstream.
increased
runoff
erosion
disrupted
water
supplies
locations.
These
post‐fire
hazards
via
source
contamination,
flash
floods,
mudslides
can
represent
substantial,
systemic
long‐term
risks
drinking
production,
aquatic
life,
socio‐economic
activity.
Scenarios
similar
recent
event
Australia
are
now
predicted
unfold
Western
USA.
This
new
reality
societies
will
have
live
as
uncharted
activity,
crises,
widespread
human
footprint
collide
all‐around
world.
Therefore,
we
advocate
more
proactive
approach
wildfire‐watershed
risk
governance
an
effort
advance
protect
security.
We
also
argue
there
no
easy
solution
reducing
this
investments
both
green
(i.e.,
natural)
grey
built)
infrastructure
necessary.
Further,
propose
strategies
combine
modern
data
analytics
existing
tools
use
by
land
managers
worldwide
leverage
decades
worth
knowledge
hydrology.
Reviews of Geophysics,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
59(2)
Опубликована: Март 10, 2021
Abstract
Floodplains
perform
diverse
functions,
including
attenuation
of
fluxes
water,
solutes,
and
particulate
material.
Critical
details
floodplain
storage
magnitude,
duration,
spatial
distribution
are
strongly
influenced
by
biogeochemical
processes
biotic
communities.
Floodplain
materials
can
be
conceptualized
in
the
form
a
budget
that
quantifies
inputs,
outputs,
within
control
volume.
The
volume
is
here
defined
as
bounded
on
inner
edges
banks
active
channel(s),
outer
limit
periodic
flooding
deposition
fluvially
transported
sediment,
underside
extent
hyporheic
exchange
flows
aquifer,
upper
side
elevation
living
vegetation.
Fluxes
also
change
location,
characteristics,
residence
time
material
storage.
Fluxes,
time,
quantities
stored
floodplains
measured
directly;
inferred
from
types
remotely
sensed
data;
or
quantitatively
estimated
using
numerical
models.
Human
activities
modify
by:
hydrologically
and/or
geomorphically
disconnecting
channels
floodplains;
altering
water
sediment
to
river
corridor;
obliterating
through
alluvial
mining
urbanization.
restoration
focus
enlarging
functional
floodplain,
reconnecting
channel
restoring
natural
regimes
large
wood,
enhancing
heterogeneity
floodplain.
Each
increase
resilience
disturbances.
Frontiers in Earth Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2021
River-wetland
corridors
form
where
a
high
degree
of
connectivity
between
the
surface
(rheic)
and
subsurface
(hyporheic)
components
streamflow
creates
an
interconnected
system
channels,
wetlands,
ponds,
lakes.
occur
valley
floor
is
sufficiently
wide
to
accommodate
laterally
unconfined
river
planform
that
may
feature
morphologically
complex,
multi-threaded
channels
with
vegetated
bars,
islands,
floodplains.
can
develop
anywhere
there
expansion
along
drainage
network,
from
headwaters
estuaries
or
deltas,
they
are
found
across
all
latitudes
within
biomes
hydroclimates.
be
longitudinally
continuous
but
commonly
interspersed
single-thread
reaches
in
narrower
portions
valley.
The
development
persistence
river-wetland
driven
by
combinations
geologic,
biotic,
geomorphic
processes
create
environment
diverse,
heterogeneous,
patchy,
dynamically
stable,
which
patterns
flow,
sediment
features,
habitats
shift
continually.
Hence,
we
describe
these
polydimensional
as
“kaleidoscope
rivers.”
Historically,
were
pervasive
wide,
alluvial
reaches,
their
presence
has
been
so
diminished
worldwide
(due
diverse
range
anthropogenic
activities
impacts)
general
public
even
most
managers
unaware
former
pervasiveness.
Here,
define
type;
review
paleoenvironmental
historical
records
establish
past
ubiquity;
responsible
for
formation
persistence;
provide
examples
corridor
remnants
still
survive.
We
close
highlighting
significance
functions
supported
corridors,
consequences
diminution
neglect
this
type,
implications
restoration.
Anthropocene,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
38, С. 100334 - 100334
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2022
Rivers
have
been
diminished,
simplified,
and
degraded
globally
by
the
concentration
of
agriculture,
transportation,
development
in
valley
bottoms
over
decades
centuries,
substantially
limiting
their
ecological
health
value.
More
recently,
climate
change
is
steadily
increasing
stress
on
aging
traditional,
gray
infrastructure.
Recent
trends
river
management
present
an
opportunity
to
address
both
degradation
stress.
A
strategic
focus
riverscapes
as
critical
natural
infrastructure
can
serve
ecosystem-based
adaptation
improve
resilience
restore
ecosystem
health.
As
ages
fails
under
stress,
there
rebuild
with
improved
understanding
value
services
that
healthy
provide.
River
bottoms,
including
source-water
wetlands
riverscape
floodplains,
are
areas
deserving
protection
restoration
build
increased
frequency
severity
fires,
floods
droughts
associated
change.
Since
need
space
water,
long-standing
restoring
flow
regimes
makes
sense.
Equally
crucial
give
rivers
freedom
exercise
(i.e.,
flood
adjust
channels).
Sustainable Cities and Society,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
87, С. 104259 - 104259
Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2022
In
the
last
decade,
our
built
environment
has
been
exposed
to
a
significant
and
wide
range
of
crises,
from
primary
(e.g.,
pandemic,
climate
change-induced
hazards)
secondary
such
as
their
associated
physical
mental
health
impacts.
However,
previous
literature
mainly
focused
on
impacts
single
type
crisis
in
solutions
for
individual
Hence,
face
multiple
crises
that
we
are
facing
now,
understanding
possible
characteristics
is
crucial
achieve
more
resilient
environment.
This
paper
aims
gain
better
about
how
different
impact
which
have
proven
effective,
particularly
response
crises.
First,
systematic
review
presented,
identifying
main
solutions.
Secondly,
through
qualitative
data
analysis,
interconnections
between
identified
were
established.
Findings
highlight
provide
resilience
environment,
(1)
green
healthy
infrastructures;
(2)
adaptable
(3)
equitable
inclusive
infrastructures.
Finally,
key
design
discussed
an
evaluation
framework
proposed.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
849, С. 157738 - 157738
Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2022
In
this
article
we
describe
the
natural
hydrogeomorphological
and
biogeochemical
cycles
of
dryland
fluvial
ecosystems
that
make
them
unique,
yet
vulnerable
to
land
use
activities
climate
change.
We
introduce
Natural
Infrastructure
in
Dryland
Streams
(NIDS),
which
are
structures
naturally
or
anthropogenically
created
from
earth,
wood,
debris,
rock
can
restore
implicit
function
these
systems.
This
manuscript
further
discusses
capability
functional
similarities
between
beaver
dams
anthropogenic
NIDS,
documented
by
decades
scientific
study.
addition,
present
novel,
evidence-based
finding
NIDS
create
wetlands
water-scarce
riparian
zones,
with
soil
organic
carbon
stock
as
much
200
1400
Mg
C/ha
top
meter
soil.
identify
key
restorative
action
is
slow
drainage
water
landscape
such
more
it
infiltrate
be
used
facilitate
physical,
chemical,
biological
processes
environments.
Specifically,
assert
rapid
environments
reversed
through
restoration
infrastructure
once
existed.
then
explore
how
feedback
loops
provide
examples
have
been
loops,
lessons
learned
installation
streams
southwestern
United
States,
efforts
might
scaled
up,
what
implications
for
mitigating
change
effects.
Our
synthesis
portrays
using
support
adaptation
protection
climate-related
disturbances
stressors
drought,
shortages,
flooding,
heatwaves,
dust
storms,
wildfire,
biodiversity
losses,
food
insecurity.
Environmental Research Letters,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
17(11), С. 113001 - 113001
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2022
Abstract
Ecosystems
in
the
North
American
Arctic-Boreal
Zone
(ABZ)
experience
a
diverse
set
of
disturbances
associated
with
wildfire,
permafrost
dynamics,
geomorphic
processes,
insect
outbreaks
and
pathogens,
extreme
weather
events,
human
activity.
Climate
warming
ABZ
is
occurring
at
over
twice
rate
global
average,
as
result
extent,
frequency,
severity
these
are
increasing
rapidly.
Disturbances
span
wide
gradient
spatiotemporal
scales
have
varying
impacts
on
ecosystem
properties
function.
However,
many
relatively
understudied
different
sensitivities
to
climate
trajectories
recovery,
resulting
considerable
uncertainty
land
use
vegetation
dynamics
interactions
between
disturbance
types.
Here
we
review
current
knowledge
their
precursors,
impacts,
temporal
frequencies,
spatial
extents,
severity.
We
also
summarize
feedbacks
among
characterize
typical
loss
recovery
response
using
satellite
time-series.
conclude
summary
critical
data
gaps
identify
priorities
for
future
study.