Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2024
Understanding
the
mechanisms
that
promote
coexistence
between
functionally
analogous
non-native
and
native
species
share
similar
prey
is
important
for
predicting
ecological
consequences
of
their
competitive
interactions.
Theory
predicts
facilitated
by
stabilizing
enhance
inter-specific
trophic
niche
partitioning,
and/
or
equalizing
reduce
differences
in
average
fitness.
Inter-specific
influenced
opportunity
resources,
also
affects
intra-specific
partitioning
individual
expansion.
These
theories
were
tested
using
mrigal
carp
Cirrhinus
mrigala
its
congener
mud
C.
molitorella
coexist
across
Pearl
River
basin,
Southern
China,
with
interactions
analysed
DNA
metabarcoding
on
fish
gut
contents
sampled
basin
both
dry
wet
seasons
2019
2021.
The
results
revealed
overlap
was
lower
than
overlap,
suggesting
supported
mechanisms.
resources
driving
this
then
positively
expansion,
especially
had
larger
body
sizes
occupied
higher
positions
at
constricted
niches.
Fish
size
affected
relationship
inter-
positive
effects
but
negative
carp.
thus
provide
a
mechanistic
explanation
how
closely
related
highlight
importance
dietary
plasticity
facilitating
invasion
species.
BMC Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
23(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023
Abstract
Background
Functional
diversity
is
vital
for
forest
ecosystem
resilience
in
times
of
climate-induced
diebacks.
Admixing
drought
resistant
non-native
Douglas
fir,
as
a
partial
replacement
climate-sensitive
Norway
spruce,
to
native
beech
forests
Europe
appears
promising
management,
but
possible
consequences
associated
biota
and
functioning
are
poorly
understood.
To
better
link
management
functional
biota,
we
investigated
the
trophic
niches
(∆
13
C,
∆
15
N)
epigeic
generalist
predators
(spiders
ground
beetles)
mixed
pure
stands
European
beech,
spruce
fir
north-west
Germany.
We
assessed
multidimensional
niche
structure
arthropod
predator
communities
using
community-based
isotopic
metrics.
Results
Whilst
C
differed
most
between
(high
C)
coniferous
(low
C),
N
was
lowest
fir.
Tree
mixtures
mitigated
these
effects.
Further,
conifers
increased
ranges
richness,
which
linked
higher
canopy
openness
herb
complexity.
Isotopic
divergence
beetles
decreased
with
presence,
evenness
spiders
lower
loamy
sites
precipitation
than
sandy,
drier
sites.
Conclusions
conclude
that
tree
species
particularly
trees
alter
predators.
Resource
use
feeding
breadth
significantly
from
more
decomposer-fueled
narrower
richness).
Arthropod
however,
had
shorter
simplified
(isotopic
divergence)
food
chains
compared
stands;
especially
under
beneficial
abiotic
conditions
evenness).
These
findings
indicate
potential
adverse
effects
on
As
differences
conifers,
including
(non-native)
constitute
compromise
economic
conservational
interests.
Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(9)
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2022
Abstract
Fish
have
one
of
the
highest
occurrences
individual
specialization
in
trophic
strategies
among
Eukaryotes.
Yet,
few
studies
characterize
this
variation
during
niche
analysis,
limiting
our
understanding
aquatic
food
web
dynamics.
Stable
isotope
analysis
(SIA)
with
advanced
Bayesian
statistics
is
way
to
incorporate
when
quantifying
size.
However,
using
SIA
investigate
trophodynamics
mostly
focused
on
species‐
or
guild‐level
(i.e.,
assumed
similar
strategy)
analyses
settings
where
source
isotopes
are
well‐resolved.
These
parameters
uncommon
an
ecological
context.
Here,
we
use
Isotope
Ellipses
R
(SIBER)
cross‐guild
11
reef
fish
species
within
oceanic
atoll.
We
compared
two‐
(
δ
15
N
and
13
C)
versus
three‐dimensional
N,
C,
34
S)
reconstructions
isotopic
space
for
interpreting
guild‐,
species‐,
individual‐level
strategies.
Reef
compositions
varied
significantly
among,
but
also
within,
guilds.
Individuals
same
did
not
cluster
together
based
their
values,
suggesting
within‐species
specializations.
Furthermore,
while
two‐dimensional
niches
helped
differentiate
resource
use,
overlap
was
exceptionally
high.
The
addition
S
generation
were
needed
further
better
evaluate
potential
data
suggest
that
may
reveal
fluctuations
availability,
which
detectable
only
C.
recommend
researchers
include
future
studies.
Functional Ecology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
37(6), С. 1553 - 1566
Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2023
Abstract
Trophic
morphology
affects
resource
acquisition;
therefore,
species
differences
in
such
traits
may
be
informative
for
inferring
use
overlap
and
potential
interactions.
In
lizards,
head
size
shape
determine
the
hardness
of
prey
that
can
consumed.
Lizards
with
large
are
expected
to
less
than
lizards
more
similar
traits.
Stable
isotopes
increasingly
being
used
describe
diet,
yet
how
traditional
functional
affect
isotopic
diet
is
often
not
clear
a
priori.
We
measured
size,
shape,
𝛿
15
N,
13
C
under
controlled
availability
an
enclosure
experiment
using
introduced
Hawaiʻi
test
whether
predict
diet.
Brown
anoles
Anolis
sagrei
had
tallest
narrowest
heads,
highest
values
C,
lowest
N.
Gold
dust
day
geckos
Phelsuma
laticauda
shortest
widest
Green
carolinensis
were
intermediate
both
morphology.
As
result
overlap,
green
have
reduced
competitor‐free
space
presence
other
lizard
species.
Head
was
best
predictor
only
trait
explained
variation
within
as
well
among
sexually
dimorphic,
therefore
weaker
correlations
this
by
sexual
selection.
Breadth
morphospace
did
correlate
breadth,
nor
amount
space.
While
able
locally
depress
experimental
enclosures,
no
shifts
detected
response
heterospecifics.
The
generality
predicting
it
does
so
independent
habitat
use,
warrants
additional
study.
provides
potentially
fruitful
avenue
trait‐based
approaches
studying
ecology
evolution
lizards.
Read
free
Plain
Language
Summary
article
on
Journal
blog.
Abstract
Optimal
Foraging
Theory
(OFT)
predicts
that
a
population's
trophic
niche
expansion
should
occur
in
periods
of
food
scarcity
as
individuals
begin
to
opportunistically
exploit
sub‐optimal
items.
However,
the
Niche
Variation
Hypothesis
(NVH)
posits
widening
may
result
from
increased
among‐individual
differentiation
due
partitioning
avoid
competition.
We
tested
these
hypotheses
through
DNA
metabarcoding
study
Sardinian
Warbler
(
Curruca
melanocephala
)
diet
over
year.
used
null
models
and
decomposition
beta
diversity
on
dietary
infer
mechanisms
driving
variation.
Warblers
fed
frequently
berries,
with
peak
late
summer
and,
lesser
extent,
autumn.
Their
also
included
wide
range
arthropods,
their
prevalence
varying
among
seasons.
Consistent
OFT,
width
was
narrower
spring/summer
when
population
strongly
specialized
berries.
In
winter,
expanded,
possibly
reflecting
seasonal
declines
abundance.
As
predicted
by
NVH,
tended
be
higher
but
this
mainly
differences
richness
rather
than
resources.
Overall,
our
results
suggest
within‐individual
does
not
increase
lean
periods,
instead,
adopt
either
more
opportunistic
or
foraging
strategy.
Increased
competition
help
explain
such
patterns,
instead
showing
expected
it
reflect
OFT
differential
competitive
ability
access
better