The Establishment and Potential Spread ofOsmia cornutain North America

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2024

Abstract Mason bees, subgenus Osmia Panzer (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), are economically and ecologically significant pollinators. In eastern North America, the rapid spread of two non-native species from Asia, O. cornifrons Radoszkowski taurus Smith, has coincided with declines in native populations, raising concern about effects further exotic invasions. Here we investigate recent establishment British Columbia, Canada European orchard bee, cornuta Latreille, previously thought to be limited Europe its periphery. We document records ranging over 170 km, including sightings live adults discovery a multigenerational nest hundreds cocoons. tested whether these cocoons could discriminated other by training machine learning classifier on features extracted images. The best performing model not reliably discriminate species, possibility inadvertently intermingled future commercial shipments. Spatially isolated suggest ongoing anthropogenic dispersal species. To determine environmentally suitable regions for estimated climate niche using native-range occurrence data. This analysis indicated broad Pacific Northwest America contain potentially habitat. Together, our findings potential it broadly. Our study demonstrates utility accessible biodiversity data archives public observation programs tracking biological invasions highlights need monitoring .

Язык: Английский

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Pathways for accidental biocontrol: The human‐mediated dispersal of insect predators and parasitoids

Ecological Applications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024

Abstract Introductions of insect predators and parasitoids for biological control are a key method pest management. Yet in recent decades, has become more strictly regulated less frequent. Conversely, the rate unintentional introductions through human activities is rising. While accidental natural enemies can potentially have serious ecological consequences, they challenging to quantify as their movements go largely unobserved. We used historical border interception records collected by US Department Agriculture from 1913 2018 describe diversity entomophagous insects transported unintentionally, main introduction pathways, trends host specificity. There were 35,312 interceptions during this period, representing 93 families 11 orders, 196 species these families. Commodity associations varied, but imported plants plant products pathway. Most originated with commodities Neotropical, Panamaian, Western Palearctic regions. Among intercepted species, 27% found material originating than one country. Two thirds polyphagous generalists. Furthermore, 25% had already been introduced intentionally agents internationally, 4.6% documented negative impacts on native biodiversity or society. that not established United States generalists at least known available. The transport diverse enemy potential cause substantial impacts, both terms controlling pests biocontrol disrupting communities. Characterizing being pathways inform biosecurity practices

Язык: Английский

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Defining the biosecurity risk posed by soil found on sea freight

NeoBiota, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 88, С. 103 - 133

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2023

Soil associated with sea freight (shipping containers, flat racks and used machinery) arriving at New Zealand seaports was sampled for bacteria, fungi, nematodes, macro-invertebrates plant seeds. Pseudomonads were selectively isolated, as several significant pathogens fall within this bacterial group. The mean median sample weight collected from found to be 417.3 152.7 g, respectively, most recovered soil (73%) the underside of shipping containers rack containers. Likewise, machinery, (75%) under machinery. Flat had significantly higher contamination compared but generally counts incidence taxa lower these other types. Viable seeds arthropods soil, both g -1 prevalence in samples varying taxa, type, location on freight. Various regulated biosecurity organisms samples, including Aphelenchoides besseyi (rice white tip nematode), genera such Brachiaria , Cortaderia Digitaria Eragrostis Sonchus . There also live arthropod that not recorded being present Zealand. No known pathogenic pseudomonads identified through sequencing 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Shipping an important introduction pathway exotic species, therefore require careful monitoring management. Comparisons number a previous study footwear, showed many freight, indicating risk can vary pathway. However, prioritising one over another according risks they present, differentially allocating resources is problematic because relative dynamic, dictated by factors new pests or diseases entering respective pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Drosophila nasuta (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in Brazil: a decade of invasion and occupation of more than half of the country

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 95(suppl 2)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

As a result of human activities and natural dispersal, exotic species can be brought to new areas, where they become established spread, becoming invaders. These are responsible for the loss biodiversity cause ecosystemic harm throughout world. In this paper, we report rapid, broad geographic expansion invasive fly Drosophila nasuta in Brazil. An 84% increase was found its area occupation country compared previous studies. The present data reveal arrival Pantanal wetlands location more than one thousand kilometers from closest record Cerrado biome. We first D. Atlantic Forest states Paraíba Bahia. introduction Amazon state Amazonas approximately 700 records. relative abundance biome increased fivefold comparison study. decade invasion Brazil, has already colonized half country. potential underscore importance following up possible negative effects biological invasion.

Язык: Английский

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Predicting global geographical distribution and latitudinal suitability gradient for light brown apple moth

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(11), С. e32268 - e32268

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Epiphyas postvittana, commonly known as the light brown apple moth (LBAM), is native to Australia and has a restricted global distribution. Its polyphagous nature recent surge in interceptions have emphasized need for focused risk assessments guide effective measures curb entry of this pest into new countries. This study aimed perform detailed invasion assessment using an optimized MaxEnt model that incorporated 19 bioclimatic variables elevation. The predictive outcomes underscored significance key variables, specifically minimum temperature coldest month (bio6), precipitation driest (bio14), quarter (bio19), shaping potential geographical distribution LBAM. Regions beyond existing range, including southeastern United States, southern Brazil, eastern Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, various Western European countries, were identified susceptible establishment by An increase suitability was observed above 45°N 40°S under future climate scenario. With respect change, LBAM would expand its range Europe especially SSP5-8.5, 2050s. upward trend latitudinal gradient mid-high latitude areas implies amid changing conditions, may find favorable habitats these regions. For countries regions with risk, it imperative implement corresponding inspections quarantine thwart introduction LBAM, particularly established trade ties invaded

Язык: Английский

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