Designing eco‐evolutionary experiments for restoration projects: Opportunities and constraints revealed during stickleback introductions
Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(6)
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Abstract
Eco‐evolutionary
experiments
are
typically
conducted
in
semi‐unnatural
controlled
settings,
such
as
mesocosms;
yet
inferences
about
how
evolution
and
ecology
interact
the
real
world
would
surely
benefit
from
natural
uncontrolled
settings.
Opportunities
for
rare
but
do
arise
context
of
restoration
ecology—where
different
“types”
a
given
species
can
be
introduced
into
“replicate”
locations.
Designing
requires
wrestling
with
consequential
questions.
(Q1)
Which
specific
focal
should
to
location?
(Q2)
How
many
sources
each
type
used—and
they
mixed
together?
(Q3)
source
populations
used?
(Q4)
type(s)
or
population(s)
which
sites?
We
recently
grappled
these
questions
when
designing
an
eco‐evolutionary
experiment
threespine
stickleback
(
Gasterosteus
aculeatus
)
nine
small
lakes
ponds
on
Kenai
Peninsula
Alaska
that
required
restoration.
After
considering
options
at
length,
we
decided
use
benthic
versus
limnetic
ecotypes
create
group
colonists
four
ecotype
(Q2),
where
were
identified
based
trophic
morphology
(Q3),
then
scaled
by
lake
size
(Q4).
hope
outlining
alternatives
resulting
choices
will
make
rationales
clear
future
studies
leveraging
our
experiment,
while
also
proving
useful
investigators
similar
future.
Язык: Английский
Widespread Evidence for Rapid Recent Changes in Global Range and Abundance of Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Fish and Fisheries,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
26(1), С. 65 - 82
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024
ABSTRACT
The
threespine
stickleback,
Gasterosteus
aculeatus
,
has
undergone
dramatic
increases
in
abundance
parts
of
its
historical
native
range,
and
it
is
also
undergoing
a
major
range
expansion.
We
review
available
information
discuss
the
vectors
sources
species'
expansions,
genetic
characteristics
recently
founded
populations
ecological
consequences
both
stickleback
introductions
abundance.
Dramatic
expansions
occurred
Caspian
Sea
drainage,
large
rivers
Black
reservoirs
Rhine
basin,
isolated
lakes
North
America
Japan
remote
islands
Arctic.
Likely
reasons
for
these
include
canal
construction,
accidental
inclusion
with
stocking
commercially
valuable
fish,
intentional
release
by
aquarists
fishermen
climate
change.
In
some
cases,
were
likely
facilitated
admixture
previously
separated
lineages,
as
well
high‐standing
variation
that
promotes
rapid
adaptation
to
new
habitats.
Accordingly,
are
often
accompanied
striking
abundance,
although
two
distinct
processes.
Notably,
population
growth
within
particularly
White
Baltic
Seas,
been
observed
alongside
into
areas.
Where
colonise
habitats
or
increase
extensive
impacts
on
ecosystems
typically
occur.
Given
massive
widespread
changes,
species
potential
provide
considerable
insight
evolutionary
effects
human
aquatic
ecosystems.
Язык: Английский
Rare Jackpot Individuals Drive Rapid Adaptation in Threespine Stickleback
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 26, 2025
Recombination
has
long
been
considered
the
primary
mechanism
to
bring
beneficial
alleles
together,
which
can
increase
speed
of
adaptation
from
standing
genetic
variation.
is
fundamental
transporter
hypothesis
proposed
explain
precise
parallel
in
Threespine
Stickleback.
We
studied
an
instance
freshwater
Stickleback
system
using
whole
genomic
data
evolutionary
time
series
observe
dynamics
underlying
rapid
adaptation.
Our
experiment
showed
that
a
environment
depended
on
few
individuals
with
large
haploblocks
freshwater-adaptive
(jackpot
carriers)
present
among
anadromous
(i.e.,
sea-run)
founders
at
low
frequencies.
Biological
kinship
analyses
indicate
mating
jackpot
carriers
and
between
non-jackpot
led
within
first
generations.
This
process
allowed
population
overcome
substantial
bottleneck
likely
caused
by
fitness
first-generation
stickleback
born
lake.
Additionally,
we
found
evidence
load
emerged
growth
after
may
have
reduced
through
homozygosity
inbreeding,
ultimately
purging
deleterious
alleles.
played
limited
role
this
case
very
Язык: Английский
Collective behavior diverges independently of the benthic-limnetic axis in stickleback
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
79(5)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Abstract
Comparing
populations
across
replicate
environments
or
habitat
types
can
help
us
understand
the
role
of
ecology
in
evolutionary
processes.
If
similar
phenotypes
are
favored
environments,
parallel
evolution
may
occur.
Collective
behavior,
including
collective
movement
and
social
networks,
play
a
key
adaptation
by
animals
to
different
environments.
However,
studies
exploring
parallelism
behavior
limited,
with
research
traditionally
focusing
on
morphological
traits.
Here,
we
asked
if
varies
consistently
benthic
limnetic
three-spined
stickleback
(
Gasterosteus
aculeatus
).
There
were
repeatable,
population-level
differences
common
garden
experiment,
some
forming
groups
that
more
cohesive
higher
strength
clustering
coefficients.
these
not
predicted
ecotype
(benthic
vs.
limnetic).
Latency
emerge
morphology
did
differ
between
ecotypes,
there
no
correlations
traits
behavior.
Together,
results
suggest
diverges,
but
way
is
associated
variation
along
benthic-limnetic
axis.
By
examining
multiple
traits,
show
how
phenotypic
be
occurring
non-parallel
ways
at
same
time.
This
study
further
highlights
classification
only
relevant
for
certain
potentially
changing
nuanced
manner.
Язык: Английский
Destabilized host-parasite dynamics in newly founded populations
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024
Abstract
When
species
disperse
into
previously
unoccupied
habitats,
new
populations
encounter
unfamiliar
interactions
such
as
altered
parasite
loads.
Theory
predicts
that
newly
founded
should
exhibit
destabilized
eco-evolutionary
fluctuations
in
infection
rates
and
immune
traits.
However,
to
understand
founder
effects
biologists
typically
rely
on
retrospective
studies
of
range
expansions,
missing
early-generation
dynamics.
To
remedy
this,
we
experimentally
whole-lake
threespine
stickleback.
Infection
were
temporally
stable
native
source
lakes.
In
contrast,
host-parasite
dynamics:
high
starting
led
increases
a
heritable
trait
(peritoneal
fibrosis),
suppressing
rates.
The
resulting
temporal
auto-correlation
between
immunity
suggest
can
rapid
Язык: Английский
Does Motility‐Restricting Fibrosis Influence Dispersal? An Experiment in Nature With Threespine Stickleback
Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(12)
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
Dispersal
can
affect
individual‐level
fitness
and
population‐level
ecological
evolutionary
processes.
Factors
that
dispersal
could
therefore
have
important
eco‐evolutionary
implications.
Here,
we
investigated
the
extent
to
which
an
inflammation
tissue
repair
response—peritoneal
fibrosis—which
is
known
restrict
movement,
influence
by
conducting
a
mark‐recapture
experiment
in
lake
Alaska
with
threespine
stickleback
(
Gasterosteus
aculatus)
.
A
subset
of
captured
were
injected
aluminium
phosphate
experimentally
induce
fibrosis
(‘treatment
group’),
another
saline
or
received
no
injection—both
do
not
(‘control
group’).
We
released
all
fish
at
one
introduction
point
re‐sampled
throughout
for
8
days.
recaptured
123
individuals
n
=
47
treatment;
76
control)
dissected
them
determine
levels.
Overall,
did
dispersal.
Some
compelling
(but
statistically
significant)
trends
suggest
early‐stage
may
dispersal,
providing
opportunities
future
work.
By
showing
effects
on
are
side
fibrosis,
these
findings
improve
our
understanding
implications
immune
responses.
Язык: Английский