The thermal ecology and physiology of reptiles and amphibians: A user's guide

Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A Ecological and Integrative Physiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 335(1), С. 13 - 44

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2020

Abstract Research on the thermal ecology and physiology of free‐living organisms is accelerating as scientists managers recognize urgency global biodiversity crisis brought by climate change. As ectotherms, temperature fundamentally affects most aspects lives amphibians reptiles, making them excellent models for studying how animals are impacted changing temperatures. research this group accelerates, it essential to maintain consistent optimal methodology so that results can be compared across groups over time. This review addresses utility reptiles model studies reviewing best practices their physiology, highlighting key have advanced field with new improved methods. We end presenting several areas where show great promise further advancing our understanding relations between environments

Язык: Английский

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When water interacts with temperature: Ecological and evolutionary implications of thermo‐hydroregulation in terrestrial ectotherms

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(17), С. 10029 - 10043

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2019

The regulation of body temperature (thermoregulation) and water balance (defined here as hydroregulation) are key processes underlying ecological evolutionary responses to climate fluctuations in wild animal populations. In terrestrial (or semiterrestrial) ectotherms, thermoregulation hydroregulation closely interact combined constraints should directly influence individual performances. Although comparative physiologists traditionally investigate jointly regulation, the implications these coupled have so far mostly been studied independently. Here, we revisit concept thermo-hydroregulation address functional integration ectotherms. We demonstrate how provides a framework adaptations joint environmental variation availability, potential physiological and/or behavioral conflicts between hydroregulation. extend classical cost-benefit model ectotherms highlight adaptive evolution optimal strategies. Critical gaps parameterization this conceptual optimality guidelines for future empirical research discussed. show that studies refine our mechanistic understanding plasticity, fundamental niche species. This is illustrated with relevant recent examples space use dispersal, resource-based trade-offs, life-history tactics insects, amphibians, nonavian reptiles.

Язык: Английский

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Thermal adaptation revisited: How conserved are thermal traits of reptiles and amphibians?

Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A Ecological and Integrative Physiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 335(1), С. 173 - 194

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2020

Ectothermic animals, such as amphibians and reptiles, are particularly sensitive to rapidly warming global temperatures. One response in these organisms may be evolve aspects of their thermal physiology. If this is adaptive can occur on the appropriate time scale, it facilitate population or species persistence changed environments. However, physiological traits have classically been thought too slowly keep pace with environmental change longer-lived vertebrates. Even empirical work mid-20th century offers mixed support for conservatism traits, generalization low evolutionary potential commonly invoked. Here, we revisit hypothesis better understand mechanisms guiding timing patterns evolution. Characterizing interactions among evolution, plasticity, behavior, ontogenetic shifts physiology critical accurate prediction how will respond our world. Recent provides evidence that not evolutionarily rigid once believed, many examples divergence several at multiple phylogenetic scales. slow rates evolution often still observed, warm end performance curve. Furthermore, context-specificity responses makes broad generalizations about evolvability tenuous. We outline factors considerations require closer scrutiny predict reptile amphibian climate change, regarding underlying genetic architecture facilitating limiting

Язык: Английский

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Humidity – The overlooked variable in the thermal biology of mosquito‐borne disease

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(7), С. 1029 - 1049

Опубликована: Май 10, 2023

Vector-borne diseases cause significant financial and human loss, with billions of dollars spent on control. Arthropod vectors experience a complex suite environmental factors that affect fitness, population growth species interactions across multiple spatial temporal scales. Temperature water availability are two the most important abiotic variables influencing their distributions abundances. While extensive research temperature exists, influence humidity vector pathogen parameters affecting disease dynamics less understood. Humidity is often underemphasized, when considered, treated as independent even though desiccation likely contributes to declines in trait performance at warmer temperatures. This Perspectives explores how shapes thermal mosquito-borne transmission. We summarize what known about its effects propose conceptual model for interact shape range temperatures which mosquitoes persist achieve high transmission potential. discuss failing account these hinders efforts forecast respond epidemics infections. outline future areas will ground biology theoretical empirical framework improve prediction vector-borne

Язык: Английский

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The Bogert effect, a factor in evolution

Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 76(S1), С. 49 - 66

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2021

Behavior is one of the major architects evolution: by behaviorally modifying how they interact with their environments, organisms can influence natural selection, amplifying it in some cases and dampening others. In earliest issues Evolution, Charles Bogert proposed that regulatory behaviors (namely thermoregulation) shield from selection limit physiological evolution. Here, I trace history surrounding origin this concept (now known as "Bogert effect" or "behavioral inertia"), its implications for evolutionary research throughout 20th century. A key follow-up study early 21st century galvanized renewed interest Bogert's classic ideas, established a focus on slowdowns rate evolution response to behaviors. illustrate recent progress effect research, discuss ecological variables predict whether strongly phenomenon unfolds. Based these discoveries, provide hypotheses across several scales: patterns trait within among groups species, spatial effects phenomenon, importance speciation. also inherent link between behavioral inertia drive through an empirical case linking phenomena. Modern comparative approaches help put macroevolutionary buffering test: describe date, areas ripe future investigation. Despite many advances, bridging microevolutionary processes remains persistent gap our understanding effect, leaving wide open avenues deeper exploration.

Язык: Английский

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Water loss and temperature interact to compound amphibian vulnerability to climate change

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 26(9), С. 4868 - 4879

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2020

Abstract Ectotherm thermal physiology is frequently used to predict species responses changing climates, but for amphibians, water loss may be of equal or greater importance. Using physical models, we estimated the frequency exceeding optimum ( T opt ) critical evaporative (EWL crit limits, with and without shade‐ water‐seeking behaviours. Under current climatic conditions (2002–2012), that harmful (> hydric (>EWL limit activity amphibians during ~70% snow‐free days in sunny habitats. By 2080s, estimate dry habitats will exceed one both these physiological limits 95% days. Counterintuitively, find while wet environments eliminate risk EWL, they do not reduce (+2% higher). Similarly, shaded lower , EWL are still exceeded 63% Thus, no single environment evaluated can simultaneously risks. When forecast temperature into thresholds all 48% days, suggesting there limited opportunity behaviour ameliorate climate change. We conclude act synergistically, compounding ecophysiological posed by change, as combined effects more severe than those predicted individually. Our results suggest predictions change account severely underestimated scope facultative behaviours mediate rapidly environments.

Язык: Английский

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Cool shade and not‐so‐cool shade: How habitat loss may accelerate thermal stress under current and future climate

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(22), С. 6201 - 6216

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2023

Worldwide habitat loss, land-use changes, and climate change threaten biodiversity, we urgently need models that predict the combined impacts of these threats on organisms. Current models, however, overlook microhabitat diversity within landscapes so do not accurately inform conservation efforts, particularly for ectotherms. Here, built field-parameterized a model to examine effects loss activity selection by diurnal desert lizard. Our predicted lizards in rock-free areas would reduce summer levels (e.g. foraging, basking) future warming will gradually decrease rocky areas, as even large rocks become thermally stressful. Warmer winters enable more but require bushes small shade retreats. Hence, microhabitats may seem unimportant today important under change. Modelling frameworks should consider requirements organisms improve outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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How will climatic warming affect insect pollinators?

Advances in insect physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 115

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Global exposure risk of frogs to increasing environmental dryness

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Crop pest responses to global changes in climate and land management

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6(4), С. 264 - 283

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025

Язык: Английский

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