Managing Mediterranean Forests for Multiple Ecosystem Services: Research Progress and Knowledge Gaps

Current Forestry Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(2), С. 229 - 256

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2022

Abstract Purpose of Review Forests provide multiple ecosystem services (ES) to society, and the demand for ES is growing at global level. However, how manage forests provision sometimes conflicting a complex still unresolved issue. In this study, we reviewed scientific literature period 2010–2020 dealing with forest management in Mediterranean forests, aim (1) outlining progress research, (2) identifying knowledge gaps research needs, (3) discussing approaches considering ES. The selected was analyzed different aspects (e.g., drivers changes, modeling approaches, trade-offs, synergies). Recent Findings Our results show that wood production one main objectives, an increasing attention toward non products. Carbon sequestration biodiversity were most investigated regulating functions, but also specific are gaining lichens microclimate regulation). Changes stand structure density, impact coppice vs. high forest, effect practices abandonment considered as change stand/management unit scale, while climate changes disturbances landscape/regional scale using modeling. Summary Despite made last decade, our review highlights further needed fill regarding influences region. From conceptual point view, there need shift new paradigm based on adaptable, flexible management, planning approach sustain self-organization, adaptive capacity, overall resilience overcoming “service” approach; operatively, should move transdisciplinary approach, which considers problems from diversity points view involves extended peer communities not only dissemination results, process itself.

Язык: Английский

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Feasibility of enhancing carbon sequestration and stock capacity in temperate and boreal European forests via changes to management regimes

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 327, С. 109203 - 109203

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2022

Язык: Английский

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MEDFATE 2.9.3: a trait-enabled model to simulate Mediterranean forest function and dynamics at regional scales

Geoscientific model development, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(11), С. 3165 - 3201

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2023

Abstract. Regional-level applications of dynamic vegetation models are challenging because they need to accommodate the variation in plant functional diversity, which requires moving away from broadly defined types. Different approaches have been adopted last years incorporate a trait-based perspective into modeling exercises. A common parametrization strategy involves using trait data represent between individuals while discarding taxonomic identity. However, this ignores phylogenetic signal and cannot be employed when predictions for specific taxa needed, such as inform forest management planning. An alternative adapting resolution model entities that source large-scale initialization estimating parameters available databases, adopting diverse solutions missing non-observable parameters. Here we report advantages limitations second according our experience development MEDFATE (version 2.9.3), novel cohort-based trait-enabled dynamics, its application over region western Mediterranean Basin. First, 217 were woody species codes Spanish National Forest Inventory. While inventory records used obtain some empirical parameter estimates, large proportion physiological, morphological, anatomical matched measured traits, with estimates extracted multiple databases averaged at required level. Estimates key obtained meta-modeling calibration Missing values addressed imputation procedures based on covariation, averages or both. The properly simulated observed historical changes basal area, performance similar an trained same region. strong efforts still parameterize taxa, intra-specific variability, estimation those presented here can progressively refined, transferred other regions iterated following by employing automated workflows. We advocate adoption population-structured regional-level projections function dynamics.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the impact of multi-year droughts on German forests in the context of increased tree mortality

Ecological Modelling, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 492, С. 110696 - 110696

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2024

Forests play a crucial role in climate regulation and societal well-being. Despite their significance, the increasing frequency of droughts poses severe threat to forest ecosystems, impacting carbon sequestration stability. In Germany, unprecedented 2018–2020 drought resulted extensive tree mortality damaged wood volume, with lasting effects observed subsequent years. As models project continuation such droughts, understanding impact on forests becomes imperative. However, it is unclear how will evolve future if duration continues increase. This study employs model analyze across various German types, focusing periods influence productivity. By utilizing an individual-based growth national inventories, addresses critical knowledge gaps regarding multi-year biomass productivity including monocultures mixed forests. The simulations consider drought-induced large increase caused by factors as pest infestations diseases Germany. Our simulation results reveal declining aboveground gross primary production (GPP) for all simulated scenarios, three- six-year drought. GPP reduced 46 % 3-year scenario 58 6-year scenario. Notably, prolonged lead cumulative losses, saturation effect scenarios exceeding eight Forest stand composition influences these impacts, greater losses low-biomass stands. Furthermore, different types exhibit varying responses. Monocultures even-sized (mostly planted managed forests) are more sensitive than uneven-sized provide valuable insights into resilience ecosystem responses increasingly frequent highlighting importance inform management strategies. Modelling biotic dynamics process-based manner remains challenge that requires research.

Язык: Английский

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Stand age diversity (and more than climate change) affects forests’ resilience and stability, although unevenly

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 366, С. 121822 - 121822

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024

Stand age significantly influences the functioning of forest ecosystems by shaping structural and physiological plant traits, affecting water carbon budgets. Forest distribution is determined interplay tree mortality regeneration, influenced both natural anthropogenic disturbances. Unfortunately, human-driven alteration presents an underexplored avenue for enhancing stability resilience. In our study, we investigated how impacts resilience budget under current future climate conditions. We employed a state-of-the-science biogeochemical, biophysical, validated process-based model on historically managed stands, projecting their as undisturbed systems, i.e., left at evolution with no management interventions (i.e., forests are to develop undisturbed). Such model, forced data from five Earth System Models four representative scenarios one baseline scenario disentangle effect change, spanned several classes European forests' context, each stand. Our findings indicate that Net Primary Production (NPP) peaks in young middle-aged (16- 50-year-old), aligning longstanding ecological theories, regardless scenario. Under beech exhibited increase NPP maintained across all classes, while remained constant rising atmospheric CO

Язык: Английский

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Managing European Alpine forests with close-to-nature forestry to improve climate change mitigation and multifunctionality

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 165, С. 112154 - 112154

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Close-to-nature forestry (CNF) has a long tradition in European Alpine forest management, playing crucial role ensuring the continuous provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services, including protection against natural hazards. However, climate change is causing huge uncertainties about future applicability CNF region. The question arises as to whether current practices are still suitable for adapting forests impacts while also meeting increasing societal demands regarding forests, their potential contribution mitigation. To answer this question, we simulated development using ForClim model at two study sites, together representing large biogeographic gradient from high-elevation inner (Switzerland) lower-elevation south-eastern (Slovenia). simulations considered three scenarios (historical climate, SSP2-4.5 SSP5-8.5) six alternative management strategies, both climate-adapted versions. Using an indicator based multi-criteria decision analysis framework, assessed joint on key services investigated regions, carbon sequestration (CS) inside outside boundary. effects varied, among within sites along biogeographical gradient. While CS was more resistant under site, it sensitive where potentials decreased lower elevations. This adverse effect could be partly mitigated by fostering use tree species. adaptations did not meet multiple objectives equally well: gravitation hazards timber production benefited silvicultural practice, variants with low-intensity or no management. In conclusion, high continue fulfilling its forests. A differentiated approach will needed future, however, identify stands adaptive measures required, especially particularly vulnerable change. combination less intensively managed unmanaged areas, provides portfolio that help society.

Язык: Английский

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Simulating tree growth response to climate change in structurally diverse oak and beech forests

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 806, С. 150422 - 150422

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Latest Trends in Modelling Forest Ecosystems: New Approaches or Just New Methods?

Current Forestry Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(4), С. 219 - 229

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2023

Abstract Purpose of Review Forest models are becoming essential tools in forest research, management, and policymaking but currently under deep transformation. In this review the most recent literature (2018–2022), we aim to provide an updated general view main topics attracting efforts modelers, trends already place, some current future challenges that field will face. Recent Findings Four major on modelling efforts: data acquisition, productivity estimation, ecological pattern predictions, management related ecosystem services. Although may seem different, they all converging towards integrated approaches by pressure climate change as coalescent force, pushing research into mechanistic, cross-scale simulations functioning structure. Summary We conclude is experiencing exciting challenging time, due combination new methods easily acquire massive amounts data, techniques statistically process such refinements mechanistic incorporating higher levels complexity breaking traditional barriers spatial temporal scales. However, available also creating challenges. any case, increasingly acknowledged a community interdisciplinary effort. As such, ways deliver simplified versions or easy entry points should be encouraged integrate non-modelers stakeholders since its inception. This considered particularly academic modelers increasing mathematical models.

Язык: Английский

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Regionalized classification of stand tree species in mountainous forests by fusing advanced classifiers and ecological niche model

GIScience & Remote Sensing, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 60(1)

Опубликована: Май 12, 2023

Though many new remote sensing technologies have been introduced to analyze forests, regional-scale species-level mapping products are still rare, especially in large mountainous areas. Tree species abundance, low spectral separability among and huge computing demand hindrances for obtaining an accurate stand tree map. This study addressed these problems by synergizing regionalization, multiple feature fusion, model fusion proposed a machine learning workflow. The whole area, i.e. Yunnan province China (approximately 390,000 km2), was firstly divided into 8 distinct floristic regions according the distributions phylogenetic relationships of native species. Thereafter, with Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, data sets, including Sentinel-2 imagery, SRTM DEM, WorldClim bioclimatic, were collected construct high-dimensional pool each region. Thirdly, maximum entropy (MaxEnt), generally used predicting ecological niche, three classifiers, Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), pre-classify environmental data, respectively. After that, two types decision strategies, parallel serial ensembles, applied fuse pre-classification probability maps sub-region. Finally, spatial distribution 19 forest over Province obtained mosaicking best classification results from sub-regions. Our method achieves overall accuracy 72.18% on entire validation dataset. models significantly improve accuracy, eight partitioned improving 7.33%–25.39% average compared base classifiers. demonstrates that partitioning strategy integrating proper algorithm niche can montane forests.

Язык: Английский

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Predicted Future Changes in the Mean Seasonal Carbon Cycle Due to Climate Change

Forests, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(7), С. 1124 - 1124

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2024

Through photosynthesis, forests absorb annually large amounts of atmospheric CO2. However, they also release CO2 back through respiration. These two, opposite in sign, fluxes determine how much the carbon is stored or released into atmosphere. The mean seasonal cycle (MSC) an interesting metric that associates phenology and (C) partitioning/allocation analysis within forest stands. Here, we applied 3D-CMCC-FEM model analyzed its capability to represent main C-fluxes, by validating against observed data, questioning if sink/source seasonality influenced under two scenarios climate change, five contrasting European sites. We found has, current conditions, robust predictive abilities estimating NEE. Model results predict a consistent reduction forest’s capabilities act as C-sink change stand-aging at all Such predicted despite number annual days evergreen increasing over years, indicating downward trend. Similarly, deciduous forests, maintaining relatively stable throughout year century, show their overall capacity. Overall, both types sites future mitigating potential.

Язык: Английский

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