Light pollution is a driver of insect declines

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 241, С. 108259 - 108259

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Global variation in diurnal asymmetry in temperature, cloud cover, specific humidity and precipitation and its association with leaf area index

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 26(12), С. 7099 - 7111

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2020

Abstract The impacts of the changing climate on biological world vary across latitudes, habitats and spatial scales. By contrast, time day at which these changes are occurring has received relatively little attention. As biologically significant organismal activities often occur particular times day, any asymmetry in rate change between daytime night‐time will skew climatic pressures placed them, this could have profound natural world. Here we determine global variation difference mean annual near‐surface maximum minimum temperatures cloud cover, specific humidity precipitation changed over land. For years 1983–2017, derived hourly data assigned each hour as during daylight or darkness. In regions that showed warming >0.5°C (equivalent to surface temperature 20th century) investigated corresponding precipitation. We then examined proportional leaf area index (LAI) one potential response diel asymmetry. demonstrate where increased by more than temperatures, increased. Conversely, decreased. Driven primarily cover resulting a dampening twice land experienced >0.25°C warming, become wetter, with important consequences for plant phenology species interactions. greater relative is associated hotter, drier conditions, increasing vulnerability heat stress water budgets. This was demonstrated divergent LAI

Язык: Английский

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Future temperature extremes threaten land vertebrates

Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 615(7952), С. 461 - 467

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Mechanistic forecasts of species responses to climate change: The promise of biophysical ecology

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(6), С. 1451 - 1470

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2022

A core challenge in global change biology is to predict how species will respond future environmental and manage these responses. To make such predictions management actions robust novel futures, we need accurately characterize organisms experience their environments the biological mechanisms by which they respond. All are thermodynamically connected through exchange of heat water at fine spatial temporal scales this can be captured with biophysical models. Although mechanistic models based on ecology have a long history development application, use remains limited despite enormous promise increasingly accessible software. We contend that greater understanding training theory methods vital expand application. Our review shows implemented understand climate impacts species' behavior, phenology, survival, distribution, abundance. It also illustrates types outputs generated, data inputs required for different implementations. Examples range from simple calculations body temperature particular site time, more complex analyses distribution limits projected energy balances, accounting behavior phenology. outline challenges currently limit widespread application relating availability, training, lack common software ecosystems. discuss progress developments could allow applied many across large extents timeframes. Finally, highlight uniquely suited solve problems involve predicting interpreting responses variability extremes, multiple or shifting constraints, abiotic biotic environments.

Язык: Английский

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How dryland mammals will respond to climate change: the effects of body size, heat load and a lack of food and water

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 224(Suppl_1)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2021

Mammals in drylands are facing not only increasing heat loads but also reduced water and food availability as a result of climate change. Insufficient results suppression evaporative cooling therefore increases body core temperature on hot days, while lack reduces the capacity to maintain cold nights. Both shortage will narrow prescriptive zone, ambient range over which is held relatively constant, lead increased risk physiological malfunction death. Behavioural modifications, such shifting activity between night day or seeking thermally buffered microclimates, may allow individuals remain within can incur costs, foraging competition predation, with consequences for fitness. Body size play major role predicting response patterns, identifying all factors that contribute how well dryland mammals cope requires better understanding sensitivities responses exposed direct indirect effects

Язык: Английский

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Modelling current and future potential distributions of two desert jerboas under climate change in Iran

Ecological Informatics, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 52, С. 7 - 13

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Global assessment of primate vulnerability to extreme climatic events

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(7), С. 554 - 561

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Diel niche variation in mammals associated with expanded trait space

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Март 19, 2021

Abstract Mammalian life shows huge diversity, but most groups remain nocturnal in their activity pattern. A key unresolved question is whether mammal species that have diversified into different diel niches occupy unique regions of functional trait space. For 5,104 extant mammals we show here daytime-active (cathemeral or diurnal) evolved combinations along gradients from those and crepuscular species. Hypervolumes five major traits (body mass, litter size, diet, foraging strata, habitat breadth) reveal 30% diurnal space unique, compared to 55% Almost half (44%) with apparently obligate shared can switch, suggesting more than currently realised may be somewhat flexible patterns. Increasingly, conservation measures focused on protecting functionally species; for mammals, distinctiveness requires a focus across niches.

Язык: Английский

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Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization

eLife, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11

Опубликована: Март 30, 2022

Time is a fundamental component of ecological processes. How animal behavior changes over time has been explored through well-known theories like niche partitioning and predator-prey dynamics. Yet, in within the shorter 24-hr light-dark cycle have largely gone unstudied. Understanding if an can adjust their temporal activity to mitigate or adapt environmental change become recent topic discussion important for effective wildlife management conservation. While spatial habitat consideration conservation, often ignored. We formulated resource selection model quantify diel 8 mammal species across 10 US cities. found high variability patterns among species-specific correlations between human population density, impervious land cover, available greenspace, vegetation mean daily temperature. also that some may modulate behaviors manage both natural anthropogenic risks. Our results highlight complexity with which interact local characteristics, suggest urban mammals use along reduce risk, adapt, therefore persist, cases thrive, human-dominated ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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Daily activity timing in the Anthropocene

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 38(4), С. 324 - 336

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2022

Язык: Английский

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