Interactive effects of rising temperatures and urbanisation on birds across different climate zones: A mechanistic perspective

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(9), С. 2399 - 2420

Опубликована: Март 13, 2023

Abstract Climate change and urbanisation are among the most pervasive rapidly growing threats to biodiversity worldwide. However, their impacts usually considered in isolation, interactions rarely examined. Predicting species' responses combined effects of climate urbanisation, therefore, represents a pressing challenge global biology. Birds important model taxa for exploring both behaviour physiology have been well studied urban non‐urban systems. This understanding should allow interactive rising temperatures be inferred, yet considerations these almost entirely lacking from empirical research. Here, we synthesise our current potential mechanisms that could affect how species respond with focus on avian taxa. We discuss motivate future in‐depth research this critically important, overlooked, aspect Increased pronounced consequence (through heat island effect) change. The biological impact warming systems will likely differ magnitude direction when interacting other factors typically vary between habitats, such as resource availability (e.g. water, food microsites) pollution levels. Furthermore, nature may cities situated different types, example, tropical, arid, temperate, continental polar. Within article, highlight drivers mechanistic birds, identify knowledge gaps propose promising avenues. A deeper behavioural physiological mediating provide novel insights into ecology evolution under help better predict population responses.

Язык: Английский

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Seeking temporal refugia to heat stress: increasing nocturnal activity despite predation risk

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 291(2015)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

Flexibility in activity timing may enable organisms to quickly adapt environmental changes. Under global warming, diurnally adapted endotherms achieve a better energy balance by shifting their towards cooler nocturnal hours. However, this shift expose animals new or increased challenges (e.g. predation risk, reduced foraging efficiency). We analysed large dataset of data from 47 ibex ( Capra ) two protected areas, characterized varying levels risk (presence versus absence the wolf— Canis lupus ). found that following warmer days and during brighter nights. Despite considerable sexual dimorphism typical species consequent different predation-risk perception, males females demonstrated consistent responses heat both predator-present predator-absent areas. This supports hypothesis nighttime be common strategy adopted diurnal response warming. As nowadays pressures are pushing mammals nocturnality, our findings emphasize urgent need integrate knowledge temporal behavioural modifications into management conservation planning.

Язык: Английский

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A model‐based hypothesis framework to define and estimate the diel niche via the ‘Diel.Niche’ R package

Journal of Animal Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 93(2), С. 132 - 146

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

How animals use the diel period (24-h light-dark cycle) is of fundamental importance to understand their niche. While ecological and evolutionary literature abound with discussion phenotypes (e.g. diurnal, nocturnal, crepuscular, cathemeral), they lack clear explicit quantitative definitions. As such, inference can be confounded when evaluating hypotheses animal niche switching or plasticity across studies because researchers may operating under different definitions phenotypes. We propose using four alternative hypothesis sets (maximizing, traditional, general selection) aimed at achieving objectives. Each set composed mutually exclusive defined based on activity probabilities in three periods light availability (twilight, daytime night-time). develop a Bayesian modelling framework that compares phenotype Bayes factors estimates model parameters multinomial linear inequality constraints. Model comparison, parameter estimation visualizing results done Diel.Niche R package. A simplified Shiny web application also available. provide extensive simulation guide power discriminate among for range sample sizes (10-1280). work through several examples data make inferences activity, include online vignettes how demonstrate our complements other analyses, such as circular kernel density estimators movement modelling. Our aim encourage standardization language bridge conceptual frameworks research models. Lastly, we hope more focuses conservation understanding time.

Язык: Английский

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Fear of the dark? Contrasting impacts of humans versus lynx on diel activity of roe deer across Europe

Journal of Animal Ecology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 89(1), С. 132 - 145

Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2019

Humans, as super predators, can have strong effects on wildlife behaviour, including profound modifications of diel activity patterns. Subsequent to the return large carnivores human-modified ecosystems, many prey species adjusted their spatial behaviour contrasting landscapes fear generated by both natural predators and anthropogenic pressures. The predation risk temporal shifts in prey, however, remain largely unexplored human-dominated landscapes. We investigated influence density lynx Lynx lynx, a nocturnal predator, patterns main roe deer Capreolus capreolus, across gradient human disturbance hunting at European scale. Based 11 million records from 431 individually GPS-monitored 12 populations within EURODEER network (http://eurodeer.org), we how combination with lethal non-lethal activities affected diurnality deer. demonstrated marked plasticity response spatio-temporal variations risk, mostly due activities. In particular, decreased level factor 1.37 when background general was high. Hunting exacerbated this effect, during season switched most night-time and, lesser extent, dawn, although pattern varied noticeably relation density. Indeed, presence were relatively more diurnal. Overall, our results revealed activity. context recovery Europe, provide important insights about behavioural responses ecosystems. Modifications partitioning ungulate may facilitate human-wildlife coexistence, but likely also knock-on for predator-prey interactions, cascading ecosystem functioning.Résumé Les humains, en tant que ‘super-prédateurs’, peuvent avoir des effets importants sur le comportement de la faune sauvage, y compris profondes leurs rythmes circadiens d'activité. A suite du retour grands dans les écosystèmes anthropisés, nombreuses espèces proies ont ajusté leur à ces paysages peur contrastés, générés fois par pressions liées aux risques anthropiques et présence prédateurs naturels. risque prédation temporelles d'activité restent cependant largement inconnus dominés l'homme. Ici, nous avons étudié l'influence densité un prédateur nocturne, proie principale, chevreuil travers l’échelle Européenne. Sur base plus données issues suivis individuels chevreuils équipés colliers GPS provenant au sein réseau analysé comment associé létaux non-létaux activités humaines, diurnalité chevreuils. Nous démontré une forte plasticité réponse spatio-temporelles risque, notamment face humaines. Plus particulièrement, diminuent degré d'un facteur lorsque dérangement humain est important. La chasse accentue cet effet, puisque durant saison basculent plupart activité nuit, moindre mesure, l'aube également, bien ce patron soit essentiellement variable fonction lynx. En principal prédateur, sont relativement diurnes. Globalement, nos résultats révèlent humaines l'ajustement Dans contexte notre étude apporte nouvelles connaissances comportementale anthropisés. modification répartition temporelle l'activité ongulés pourrait être facilitant coexistence homme-faune avec toutefois conséquences autres interactions prédateurs-proies cascade fonctionnement écosystèmes.

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Light pollution forces a change in dung beetle orientation behavior

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 31(17), С. 3935 - 3942.e3

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2021

Increasing global light pollution1Cinzano P. Falchi F. Elvidge C.D. The first World Atlas of the artificial night sky brightness.Monthly Notices Royal Astronomical Society. 2001; 328: 689-707Crossref Scopus (450) Google Scholar,2Falchi Cinzano Duriscoe D. Kyba C.C.M. Baugh K. Portnov B.A. Rybnikova N.A. Furgoni R. new world atlas brightness.Sci. Adv. 2016; 2: e1600377Crossref PubMed (592) Scholar threatens night-time darkness to which most animals are adapted. Light pollution can have detrimental effects on behavior,3Longcore T. Rich C. Ecological pollution.Front. Ecol. Environ. 2004; 191-198Crossref (846) Scholar, 4Gaston K.J. Davies T.W. Bennie J. Hopkins Reducing ecological consequences pollution: options and developments.J. Appl. 2012; 49: 1256-1266Crossref (288) 5Van Doren B.M. Horton K.G. Dokter A.M. Klinck H. Elbin S.B. Farnsworth A. High-intensity urban installation dramatically alters nocturnal bird migration.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2017; 114: 11175-11180Crossref (126) including by disrupting journeys migratory birds,5Van Scholar,6Gehring Kerlinger Manville 2nd, Communication towers, lights, birds: successful methods reducing frequency avian collisions.Ecol. 2009; 19: 505-514Crossref (82) sand hoppers,7Ugolini Boddi V. Mercatelli L. Castellini Moon orientation in adult young sandhoppers under light.Proc. Biol. 2005; 272: 2189-2194Crossref (29) 8Papi Gagliardo Meschini E. sandhoppers: lighting treatments persistence ability.Mar. 2007; 150: 953-965Crossref (10) 9Torres Tidau S. Jenkins Artificial skyglow disrupts celestial migration at night.Curr. 2020; 30: R696-R697Abstract Full Text PDF (16) moths.10Frank K.D. Impact outdoor moths: An assessment..Journal Lepidopterists' 1988; 42: 63-93Google This is particularly concerning, since many night-active species rely compass information sky, moon,11Papi Pardi On Lunar Orientation Sandhoppers (Amphipoda Talitridae).Biol. Bull. 1963; 124: 97-105Crossref Scholar,12Dacke M. Byrne M.J. Scholtz C.H. Warrant E.J. a beetle.Proc. 271: 361-365Crossref (87) skylight polarization pattern,13Dacke Nilsson D.-E. Animal behaviour: insect polarized moonlight.Nature. 2003; 424 (33): 33Crossref (194) Scholar,14Freas C.A. Narendra Lemesle Cheng Polarized use bull ant, Myrmecia midas.R. Soc. Open 4 (170598): 170598Crossref (23) stars,15Foster J.J. Smolka Dacke How follow stars.Proc. 2018; 285: 20172322PubMed hold their course. Even not directly exposed streetlights illuminated buildings may still experience indirect form skyglow,3Longcore Scholar,4Gaston extend far beyond areas.1Cinzano While some recent research used simulated estimate how affect behavior,7Ugolini authentic for so been neglected. Here, we present results behavioral experiments light-polluted dark-sky sites paired with photographic measurements each environment. We find that obscures natural cues induces dramatic changes dung beetle behavior, forcing them bright earthbound beacons place compass. change behavior attraction toward thereby increasing inter-individual competition dispersal efficiency. For other insect, bird, mammal migration, these could hinder vital journeys.

Язык: Английский

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Anthropogenic changes to the nighttime environment

BioScience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 73(4), С. 280 - 290

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2023

How the relative impacts of anthropogenic pressures on natural environment vary between different taxonomic groups, habitats, and geographic regions is increasingly well established. By contrast, times day at which those are most forcefully exerted or have greatest influence not understood. The impact nighttime bears particular scrutiny, given that for practical reasons (e.g., researchers themselves belong to a diurnal species), studies conducted during daytime organisms predominantly active in ways do differentiate nighttime. In present article, we synthesize current state knowledge environment, highlighting key findings examples. evidence available suggests under intense stress across increasing areas world, especially from pollution, climate change, overexploitation resources.

Язык: Английский

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Predation risk constrains herbivores’ adaptive capacity to warming

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 4(8), С. 1069 - 1074

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Consistent diel activity patterns of forest mammals among tropical regions

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2022

Abstract An animal’s daily use of time (their “diel activity”) reflects their adaptations, requirements, and interactions, yet we know little about the underlying processes governing diel activity within among communities. Here examine whether community-level patterns differ biogeographic regions, explore roles top-down versus bottom-up thermoregulatory constraints. Using data from systematic camera-trap networks in 16 protected forests across tropics, relationships mammals’ to body mass trophic guild. Also, assess guilds. Apart Neotropical insectivores, guilds exhibited consistent cross-regional relation mass. Results indicate that thermoregulation constrains herbivore insectivore (e.g., larger Afrotropical herbivores are ~7 times more likely be nocturnal than smaller herbivores), while constrain carnivores herbivores, small omnivores insectivores large carnivores’ activity. Overall, tropical mammal communities appears shaped by similar constraints regions reflecting

Язык: Английский

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Ecological responses of squamate reptiles to nocturnal warming

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 99(2), С. 598 - 621

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

ABSTRACT Nocturnal temperatures are increasing at a pace exceeding diurnal in most parts of the world. The role warmer nocturnal animal ecology has received scant attention and studies focus on or daily descriptors thermal environments' temporal trends. Yet, available evidence from plant insect suggests that organisms can exhibit contrasting physiological responses to warming. Limiting trends thus result incomplete misleading interpretations ability species cope with global Although they expected be impacted by temperatures, insufficient data regarding night‐time vertebrate ectotherms. Here, we illustrate complex effects warming squamate reptiles, keystone group Our review includes discussion ectotherms, but mainly for which affects period dedicated recovery, may perturb activity patterns energy balance. We first summarise physical consequences habitats used reptiles. Second, describe how such changes alter balance species. this empirical asp viper ( Vipera aspis ) common wall lizard Podarcis muralis ), two found throughout western Europe. Third, make use mechanistic approach based an energy‐balance model draw general conclusions about temperatures. Fourth, examine nights affect squamates over their lifetime, potential individual fitness population dynamics. quantitative lifetime using recent derived range European Zootoca vivipara ). Finally, consider broader eco‐evolutionary ramifications highlight several research questions require future attention. work emphasises importance considering joint influence ectotherms climate

Язык: Английский

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The travel speeds of large animals are limited by their heat-dissipation capacities

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(4), С. e3001820 - e3001820

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

Movement is critical to animal survival and, thus, biodiversity in fragmented landscapes. Increasing fragmentation the Anthropocene necessitates predictions about movement capacities of multitude species that inhabit natural ecosystems. This requires mechanistic, trait-based locomotion models, which are sufficiently general as well biologically realistic. While larger animals should generally be able travel greater distances, reported trends their maximum speeds across a range body sizes suggest limited among largest species. Here, we show this also applies and arises because heat-dissipation capacities. We derive model considering how fundamental biophysical constraints mass associated with energy utilisation (i.e., have lower metabolic cost locomotion) require more time dissipate heat) limit aerobic speeds. Using an extensive empirical dataset (532 species), allometric best captures hump-shaped speed for flying, running, swimming animals. implies inability heat leads saturation eventual decrease increasing must reduce realised order avoid hyperthermia during extended bouts. As result, highest achieved by intermediate mass, suggesting than previously anticipated. Consequently, provide mechanistic understanding can generalised species, even when details individual species' biology unknown, facilitate realistic dynamics

Язык: Английский

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