Demographic effects of sanitary policies on European vulture population dynamics: A retrospective modeling approach

Ecological Applications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract The prediction of population responses to environmental changes, including the effects different management scenarios, is a useful tool and necessary contributor improving conservation decisions. Empirical datasets based on long‐term monitoring studies are essential assess robustness retrospective modeling predictions biodiversity. These allow checks performance projections enable improvements be made future models, errors detected. Here, we our earlier model impact vulture food shortages caused by sanitary regulations dynamics Spanish vultures during past decade (2009–2019). This forecasts trends three species (griffon, Egyptian, bearded vultures) in Spain (home 90% European population) under various shortage scenarios. We show that it underestimated griffon numbers overestimated Egyptian vultures. suggested most plausible scenario involved an approximate 50% reduction livestock carcass availability ecosystem compared with previous situation without removal. However, observed annual growth for period 2009–2019 (7.8% vulture, 2.4% 3.5% vulture) showed had little dynamics. After assessing model, developed new updated demographic parameters foraging movements hypothetical scenarios 2019–2029. increases about 3.6% 3.7% 1.1% Griffon vulture. Our findings suggest due implementation policies resulted only moderate growth, probably thanks supplementary feeding network which provided alternative food. Also important was sources (intensive farms, landfills) were used more regularly than expected. discuss computational approach its consequences improve measures these threatened species, provide services.

Язык: Английский

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Wildlife ecological risk assessment in the 21st century: Promising technologies to assess toxicological effects

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(3), С. 725 - 748

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2023

Despite advances in toxicity testing and the development of new approach methodologies (NAMs) for hazard assessment, ecological risk assessment (ERA) framework terrestrial wildlife (i.e., air-breathing amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals) has remained unchanged decades. While survival, growth, reproductive endpoints derived from whole-animal tests are central to nonstandard measures biological effects at multiple levels organization (e.g., molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organism, population, community, ecosystem) have potential enhance relevance prospective retrospective ERAs. Other factors indirect contaminants on food supplies infectious disease processes) influenced by toxicants individual, community levels, need be factored into chemically based assessments "eco" component Regulatory logistical challenges often relegate such postregistration evaluations pesticides industrial chemicals contaminated site evaluations. NAMs being developed, date, their applications ERAs focused been limited. No single magic tool or model will address all uncertainties assessment. Modernizing likely entail combinations laboratory- field-derived data organization, knowledge collection solutions systematic review, adverse outcome pathway frameworks), inferential methods that facilitate integrations estimations species, populations, interspecific extrapolations, ecosystem services modeling, with less dependence simple ratios. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:725-748. © 2023 His Majesty King Right Canada The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment Management published Wiley Periodicals LLC behalf Society Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC). Reproduced permission Minister Environment Climate Change Canada. This article contributed US Government employees work is public domain USA.

Язык: Английский

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Ecological consequences of human depopulation of rural areas on wildlife: A unifying perspective

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 252, С. 108860 - 108860

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2020

Язык: Английский

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First diclofenac intoxication in a wild avian scavenger in Europe

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 782, С. 146890 - 146890

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Heterospecific visual cues and trophic facilitation processes used by a solitary bone‐eating vulture

Ecosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(7)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Abstract While the influence of public information sharing on foraging strategies is growing interest, empirical studies exploring intraguild social use and facilitation roles between individuals with different trophic specializations remain scarce. Heterospecific should be more common in specialist foragers, for example, bearded vulture Gypaetus barbatus , a solitary bone‐eating scavenger. We monitored 133 carcasses types/sizes open shrubland landscapes Spanish Pyrenees to explore relation transfer adaptive behavior. hypothesized that they might (1) feed after initial heterospecific exploitation; (2) heterospecifics locate and/or exploit carcasses; (3) prefer old over fresh ones. recorded vultures scavenging at 44 95.5% had been previously exploited by (93.2% griffon Gyps fulvus 2.3% golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos ) while only two small‐sized were scavenged without previous exploitation. Bearded not observed used mammals. Both took longer find shrublands than landscapes. However, arrival times carcass discovery similar. likely discover greater number exploiting it. Only 10.4% events occurred third week following exploitation, suggesting recently opened preferred. Clearly, play an essential role success, are fundamental facilitators both providing visual cues food location opening up enable access food.

Язык: Английский

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Economic valuation of non-material contributions to people provided by avian scavengers: Harmonizing conservation and wildlife-based tourism

Ecological Economics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 187, С. 107088 - 107088

Опубликована: Май 7, 2021

Nature's contributions to people (NCP) are fundamental human well-being. In particular, non-material NCP, defined as effects on personal perspectives which enhance people's quality of life, currently the most abstract and least well-defined NCP. Avian scavengers a globally threatened guild that plays key role in our society but only valued for their NCP disease control carcass removal. We describe first economic valuation recreational educational experiences brought by avian scavenger-based tourism Spain, concretely, at vulture supplementary feeding sites (SFS) Pyrenees important contribution incomes local population. Between February 2018 January 2020, we collected information management characteristics 53 (c. 80%) Pyrenean SFS using telephone interviews questionnaires. estimated photography scavenger-watching produce an average US $4.90 ± 2.67 million annually, including $2.53 1.36 direct benefits Using conservative approach, this study is one few value some provided society. Our also suggests further research needed. Finally, discuss delicate balance between arising from wildlife-based biodiversity conservation, contrasting income populations against problems they raise conservation.

Язык: Английский

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Movement ecology of pre-adult Cinereous Vultures Aegypius monachus: insights from a reintroduced population

Bird Conservation International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Summary Understanding the movement ecology of threatened species is fundamental to improving management and conservation actions for their protection, mainly during pre-adult stage particularly when a subject population reinforcement or reintroduction projects. An example case Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus on Iberian Peninsula, an endangered that has been reintroduced in different regions last two decades. Here, we explore differences between spatial Vultures, according age-class, sex, season (breeding non-breeding). We used GPS-tag data from 51 individuals into Catalonia (north-east Spain) describe use space, i.e. home-range size, core area, minimum convex polygon (MCP) patterns, cumulative distance, maximum displacement, daily dispersal, annual dispersal. Our study showed significant variation space patterns among birds influences age, season. Age was most influential factor, determining range areas patterns. Similar other vulture species, home increase with subadult vultures exhibiting larger ranges than young first year, juveniles, immature birds, but MCP measures were juveniles. Movement also influenced by juveniles making longer movements, followed immatures subadults (with similar values), shorter movements year life. Overall, males made explored smaller foraging females. Season had important effect dispersal breeding period (February–August). findings fill knowledge gap regarding behaviours information will enable improvement decisions.

Язык: Английский

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Cumulative collision risk and population-level consequences of industrial wind-power plant development for two vulture species: A quantitative warning

Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 110, С. 107669 - 107669

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Breeding success of long-billed vulture (Gyps indicus) and its drivers in Deccan Plateau, India

European Journal of Wildlife Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 71(2)

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Fall and rise of a threatened raptor: Unraveling long‐term population dynamics with spatially explicit integrated models

Ecological Applications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Abstract Population dynamics are governed by the so‐called four BIDE processes: birth, immigration, death, and emigration. However, most population models fail to explicitly consider all processes, which may hinder a comprehensive understanding of how why populations change over time. The advent Integrated Models (IPMs) recent developments in spatial mark–recapture have enabled deeper insights into demography dispersal. In this study, we merged both kinds spatially explicit IPM. By integrating count, reproduction, mark–recapture, dispersal data, framework permitted separate modeling subsequently allowed (1) fine‐scale estimation (2) central parameters stages that traditionally been elusive demographic studies but key applied conservation, such as long‐term floaters (sexually mature non‐breeders), sink–source status, processes. Using approach, carried out assessment drivers one long‐lived Bonelli's eagle from Western Europe (1986–2020). Our results illustrated considerable decline subsequent recovery alongside multiple scarcely documented date species. First, reported decrease increase floater numbers probably associated with parallel changes breeding population, hence contributing scarce empirical knowledge available about role floaters. Second, detected average functioning sink neutral contributor, thus shedding light on flexibility sink‐source dynamics. Third, underscored non‐breeder survival for recovery, suggesting species conservation action should not only focus adult or populations, is typically case. Fourth, quantified magnitudes variations local processes long term discussed their potential implications terms management implementation. Overall, our study highlights IPMs build more complete assessments dynamics, contribute better‐informed action, help fill gaps ecological sciences.

Язык: Английский

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