Natural noise affects conspecific signal detection and territorial defense behaviors in songbirds

Behavioral Ecology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 32(5), С. 993 - 1003

Опубликована: Май 25, 2021

Abstract Recent research suggests that anthropogenic noise can substantially alter animal behavior. Although there are many sources of natural background noise, the relative influence these sounds on behavior has received much less attention. Using landscape-scale playbacks rushing rivers and crashing ocean surf, we investigated how habitat appropriate alters territorial defense behaviors in lazuli buntings (Passerina amoena) occupying riparian areas spotted towhees (Pipilo maculatus) coastal when exposed to simulated intruder song. We also incorporated naturally occurring cicada as an acoustic source influencing bunting Both songbird species possess songs share substantial spectral overlap with low-frequency, water-generated song shares additional high-frequency calls. Thus, is potential for conditions mask conspecific signals. found detection discrimination playback occurred more slowly both sound levels increased. Lazuli exhibited complex flight suggesting they respond differently depending amplitude type (with versus without calls). Our results suggest impair songbirds, highlighting soundscapes under-appreciated axis environment.

Язык: Английский

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Urban background noise affects breeding song frequency and syllable-type composition in the Northern Mockingbird

Ornithological Applications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 121(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2019

Abstract The Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos) is a successful urban adaptor known to display flexibility in foraging, nesting, and anti-predator behavior. Its vocal behavior also complex, with breeding song composed of wide variety non-mimetic mimetic elements, or “syllable types.” We tested the hypothesis that adaptation settings includes changes its noisy environments. studied an urban/suburban mockingbird population test effect background noise on frequency syllable-type composition. Given overlaps most strongly low-frequency vocalizations, phenomenon as “signal masking,” we predicted positive association between levels average peak (a measure vocalization power). further lowest-pitched syllable type mockingbird’s song, no highest-pitched type, thus negative range. Lastly, use types experiencing heavy signal masking and, conversely, minimal masking. found significant both but In addition, increased, declines percentages heavily masked (1–3 kHz) increases 3–5 kHz range; >5 were, however, unaffected by noise. These results were consistent songs change pitch composition settings, providing evidence urban-adapting species differ

Язык: Английский

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Habitat-related differences in song structure and complexity in a songbird with a large repertoire

BMC Ecology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2019

Urbanisation has been shown to influence many aspects of animal vocal communication. Much attention paid anthropogenic noise, which is often described as one the most challenging disturbances for urban dwellers. While a large body literature describes associations between behavior avian populations and background noise level, these studies were conducted on species with relatively simple songs small repertoire sizes. This study focuses song thrush, Turdus philomelos, common Eurasian songbird complex singing style syllable repertoire. Our objective was determine whether frequency, temporal organisation parameters vary birds inhabiting adjacent forest habitats in ambient levels differ.Songs males found be more than conspecifics from natural populations. Urban dwellers possessed greater repertoires repeated sequences often. In addition, they used smaller proportion whistles higher twitter syllables when compared nonurban males. Moreover, we significant differences minimum peak frequency whistle studied populations.These findings may an example adaptation acoustic communication noisy environments, but also discuss other possible explanations. We emphasize need further investigation into relationships birdsong habitat characteristics, male quality, population density level occupying habitats.

Язык: Английский

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Spatiotemporal patterns of avian vocal activity in relation to urban and rural background noise

Journal of Ecoacoustics, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 1(1), С. 1 - 1

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2017

Background noise can interfere with and influence acoustic communication behavior. Signal interference is dependent on the amplitude spectral characteristic of background noise, which varies over space time. The likelihood signal greater when concentrated within same frequency bands an animal’s vocalization, but even a partial masking effect elicit signaling behavior modification. Relative to rural landscape, in urban landscape disproportionately comprised by anthro- pogenic sound, fluctuates throughout day occurs primarily low frequencies (0–2 kHz). In this study, we examined if urban-rural differences vocal activity patterns exist species Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli that communicates above range anthropogenic (2–8 We tested whether changed relation sound high or between locations. Automated recording devices (ARDs) continuously recorded morning song chorus, 0500 1,100 h, during 2014 breeding season San Francisco (urban) Marin (rural) Counties, CA. Supervised learning cluster analysis was used quantify totaling number songs. general, locations com- pared However, study sites, found decreased where levels were higher. There not relationship frequency, biotic sound. both locations, increased through morning, while remained relatively consistent. Our results demonstrate how change abiotic there no direct overlap signal.

Язык: Английский

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What is Known—and not Known—About Acoustic Communication in an Urban Soundscape

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 61(5), С. 1783 - 1794

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2021

Urban environments have some of the most highly modified soundscapes on planet, affecting way many animals communicate using acoustic signals. Communication involves transmission information via signals, such as bird song, between a signaler and receiver. Much work has focused effects urbanization signalers their yet very little is known about how noise pollution affects receiver behaviors sensory systems. Here, we synthesize key findings to date regarding avian communication in urban environment delineate gaps knowledge for future work. We leverage our own comparing current historical songs from rural habitats subspecies white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli). use this system, along with other systems, answer three questions field: (1) Is song variation consistent temporal spatial anthropogenic noise? (2) How are birds adjusting environment? (3) does 'urbanization' affect signal function? Our synthesis illustrates that adjustments make noisy can improve detection, but potentially at cost function. Many need be addressed complete understanding systems evolve areas, specifically regard sexual selection female preference, well receivers perceive signals an environment.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence for differing trajectories of songs in urban and rural populations

Behavioral Ecology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 30(6), С. 1734 - 1742

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2019

Abstract Learned traits, such as foraging strategies and communication signals, can change over time via cultural evolution. Using historical recordings, we investigate the evolution of birdsong nearly a 50-year period. Specifically, examine parts white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli) songs used for mate attraction territorial defense. We compared (early 1970s) recordings with contemporary (mid-2010s) from populations within near San Francisco, CA assessed vocal performance these songs. Because birds exposed to anthropogenic noise tend sing at higher minimum frequencies narrower frequency bandwidths, potentially reducing one measure song performance, hypothesized that other features, syllable complexity, might be exaggerated, an alternative means display capabilities. found increased between songs, larger effect size urban measured number modulations per syllable, was historically low males but significantly in interpret results evidence increasing complexity trilled habitats, despite constraints noise, suggest new line inquiry into how environments alter time.

Язык: Английский

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Background Acoustics in Terrestrial Ecology

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 54(1), С. 351 - 373

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023

The way in which terrestrial organisms use the acoustic realm is fundamentally important and shapes behavior, populations, communities, but how background acoustics, or noise, influence patterns processes ecology still relatively understudied. In this review, we summarize acoustics have traditionally been studied from signaling perspective, discuss what known a receiver's explore about population- community-level responses to noise. We suggest that there are major gaps linking animal physiology behavior noise fitness; limited understanding of variation hearing within across species, especially context real-world conditions; many puzzling could be clarified with lens considers indirect effects. Failing consider conditions, ways interact via environmental dimension, risks natural systems.

Язык: Английский

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Aggression and multi-modal signaling in noise in a common urban songbird

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 76(7)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Noise-induced vocal plasticity in urban white-crowned sparrows does not involve adjustment of trill performance components

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2019

Abstract Background noise can interfere with acoustic communication and subsequently influence signaling behavior. Immediate flexibility (ISF) is a context-dependent form of behavioral plasticity that allows animals to temporarily change their behavior in response fluctuations potentially improve the chances successful noisy environments. The adaptive value ISF ultimately contingent on intended receiver, there are differential effects receiver depending which signal component modified. However, scant research whether involves modification specifically linked mate attraction or territory defense. Our study addresses this knowledge gap provides important insight into males employ short-term manner could affect pairing success birds. Specifically, we explore maladaptive potential San Francisco, California population Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli by testing for changes trill bandwidth rate—the specific structure components known receiver’s perception vocal performance species—before during broadcast experiments. Although capable ISF, found no evidence induces temporary adjustment traits used receivers assess performance.

Язык: Английский

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Inter-site variability in the Cape fur seal's behavioural response to boat noise exposure

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 196, С. 115589 - 115589

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023

Язык: Английский

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