Runaway Climate Across the Wider Caribbean and Eastern Tropical Pacific in the Anthropocene: Threats to Coral Reef Conservation, Restoration, and Social–Ecological Resilience

Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(5), С. 575 - 575

Опубликована: Май 11, 2025

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are increasingly affecting tropical seas, causing mass coral bleaching and mortality in the wider Caribbean (WC) eastern Pacific (ETP). This leads to significant loss, reduced biodiversity, impaired ecological functions. Climate models forecast a troubling future for Latin American reefs, but downscaled projections WC ETP remain limited. Understanding regional temperature thresholds that threaten reef futures restoration efforts is critical. Our goals included analyzing historical trends July–August–September–October (JASO) anomalies exploring at subregional country levels. From 1940 2023, JASO air ocean showed increases. Projections indicate even under optimistic scenario 4.5, temperatures may exceed +1.5 °C threshold beyond pre-industrial levels by 2040s +1.0 annual maximums 2030s, resulting severe mortality. Business-as-usual 8.5 suggests conditions will become intolerable conservation with decadal warming largely surpassing rates, unbearable corals. The immediate development of local adaptive plans, along climate change adaptation mitigation strategies, essential provide time scenarios materialize.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing nature-based coastal defense

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Май 14, 2025

Abstract Nature-based Coastal Defense is increasingly used to reduce climate risk, because considered effective, inexpensive and cost-effective, easy implement, no-regrets. This article discusses this positive framing through the analysis of 23 projects implemented in French overseas territories, using an ex-post expert judgment method considering enabling conditions (context, governance, funding, social acceptability), risk reduction (technical effectiveness; studies, monitoring evaluation) externalities (co-benefits disbenefits; contribution adaptation). 80% aimed at reducing coastal erosion; 47.8% were natural or rural areas; 87.1% included restoration; 82.6% targeted one single ecosystem 51.7% beach/dune systems; led by public actors; all relied on multiple funding sources. Performance indices range from 39.4 77.2%. The highest scores concern governance acceptability, lowest reduction. No project evaluation was calibrated for future risk. Internal (i.e. related) external (more general) levers barriers effectiveness identified. include lack political support nature-based options, difficulty secure required long-term upscale action face strong land tenure constraints.

Язык: Английский

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Leveraging positive interactions in nature to enhance the shared goals and success of One Health

BioScience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Abstract Cooperative and positive interactions are ubiquitous across all levels of biological organization, these play critically important roles in the ecology evolution natural systems. Among long-established between humans nature to benefit both. The development persistence relationships entail processes—mobilization, incentivization, accountability—that can inform approaches for building collaborations One Health initiatives. Protecting leveraging cooperative facilitate achieving its goals optimizing health people, animals, ecosystems. Positive human interventions Anthropocene require both cooperation learning from lessons biology be embraced how interact with one another.

Язык: Английский

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The Ecological Resilience of Coral Reefs in Pari Island, Jakarta Province

BIO Web of Conferences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 176, С. 01004 - 01004

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Pari Island located at the Southern part of Thousand Islands Regency in province Jakarta, that has experienced environmental damage due to human activities. The objective this study is analyse resilience coral reefs Island. research was conducted over a period 8 months, from June 2016 January 2017. primary data collection process entailed utilisation LIT (line intercept transect) method for observation reefs. Secondary were collected literature studies related conditions. findings indicated reef coverage on displayed moderate poor condition. mortality index exhibited relatively high range, 0.56 0.88. Coral recruitment observed be low Porites genus dominant feature marine ecosystem In general, poor. resistant parameter used determine classified as category.

Язык: Английский

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REEFENSE X-REEFS: HYBRID BIOLOGICAL AND ENGINEERED REEF STRUCTURES FOR NATURE-BASED COASTAL DEFENSE

Coastal Engineering Proceedings, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 38, С. 101 - 101

Опубликована: Май 29, 2025

Coastal flooding and erosion from extreme weather events affect thousands of vulnerable coastal communities globally. The effects hazards are predicted to worsen during this century population growth climate change-driven sea level rise. As such, nature-based solutions gaining increasing momentum as a promising strategy the mitigate risk cost associated hazards. In tropical coral-lined coasts, among areas globally most susceptible change sea-level rise, there is interest in use coral reef restoration form protection 1–3. However, limited reef- engineered examples date that have been specifically designed for 4. One key challenges it involves interaction complex processes at multiple spatial scales 5. Here, we present design development hybrid biological reef-mimicking structures be fast-growing resilient, while still providing immediate waves. Reef Engineering Enhance Future Structures (X-REEFS) one selected projects Reefense Program by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). X-REEFS Project aims develop system erosion.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring coral reef benefits: A systematic SEEA-driven review

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 950, С. 175237 - 175237

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024

Coral reefs are among the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on planet, providing numerous benefits to human societies, including fisheries, coastal protection, biodiversity conservation. In order effectively manage conserve coral reefs, it is essential understand value of ecosystem services they provide. The System Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) framework offers a comprehensive approach for accounting services, which can be useful assessing natural environments. While validity SEEA many marine increasingly acknowledged, there remains scarcity studies that have investigated in context reef ecosystems. To bridge this gap, study extensive examination investigates evolution service research under over nearly three decades, rich dataset understanding trends gaps. findings reveal interdisciplinary methodological integration research, incorporating remote sensing, environmental science, ecology, economics, ecological computer citizen science. Across different time periods, within shared focus health sustainability, has been transition from concerns about impacts activities concentration climate change, supported by empirical evidence case studies. These results contribute our better

Язык: Английский

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Climate adaptation for a natural atoll island in the Maldives - predicting the long-term morphological response of coral islands to sea level rise and the effect of hazard mitigation strategies

Authorea (Authorea), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024

Coral atoll islands, common in tropical and subtropical oceans, consist of low-lying accumulations carbonate sediment produced by fringing coral reef systems are great socio-economic ecological importance. Previous studies have predicted that many islands will become uninhabitable before the end this century due to sea level rise exacerbating wave-driven flooding. However, assumption such morphologically static, therefore ‘drown’ as levels rise, has been challenged observations modelling show potential for overwashing deposition maintain island freeboard. sustainable habitation, reliable predictions adjustment, flooding frequency influence adaptation measures required. Here, we illustrate effect various on morphological response an future using process-based model simulations. We found a static morphology leads significant increase compared morphodynamically active demonstrate natural adjustment is viable mechanism Reef were shown modify inshore wave energy, influencing equilibrium crest height long-term island, while beach restoration mainly delays island’s response. If embraced implemented local communities, allowing dynamics implementing well-designed could potentially extend habitability well beyond current projections.

Язык: Английский

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Time Series Ecological Coastal Resilience in Ende City, Indonesia

BIO Web of Conferences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 94, С. 04020 - 04020

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Ende city is a coastal area that one of cities in East Nusa Tenggara province. There are risk threatens the and originating from natural disasters human activity. It necessary to assess monitor resilience this since abrupt change landscape has impact on ecosystem resilience. Therefore, aim research measure analyze ecological 2016 2021. Coastal can be assessed ecosystem-ecology approach so sustainability community strengthening. Landscape parameter typology was used City. One widely applying variety different indicator or metric Parameter scored classified for each Research method includes field survey, depth interview focus group discussions. determine classification index. Based result, mostly moderate class The lowest index volcanic coast typology.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence on the ecological and physical effects of built structures in shallow, tropical coral reefs: a systematic map

Environmental Evidence, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

Abstract Background Shallow, tropical coral reefs face compounding threats from climate change, habitat degradation due to coastal development and pollution, impacts storms sea-level rise, pulse disturbances like blast fishing, mining, dredging, ship groundings that reduce reef height complexity. One approach toward restoring physical structure such is deploying built structures of artificial, natural, or hybrid (both artificial natural) origin. Built range designed modules repurposed materials underwater sculptures intentionally placed natural rocks. Restoration practitioners managers increasingly consider incorporating – in many cases have already begun incorporate into reef-related applications, yet synthesized evidence on the ecological (coral-related; e.g., growth, survival) performance ecosystems across a variety contexts (e.g., restoration, protection, mitigation, tourism) not readily available guide decisions. To help fill this gap inform management decisions, we systematically mapped global distribution abundance published (coral-related) interventions shallow (≤ 30 m), (35°N 35°S) ecosystems. Methods identify potentially relevant articles, used predefined tested strategies search two indexing platforms, one bibliographic database, open discovery citation indexes, web-based engine, novel literature tool, 19 organizational websites, information requested stakeholders. Discovered articles were screened according preset eligibility criteria first by title abstract second full text. Articles included during text screening coded extract metadata following framework. We analyzed visualized base answer our primary secondary research questions knowledge clusters gaps. Findings are reported narrative synthesis. Results Our discovered > 20,000 unique which 258 systematic map. The spans 50 countries, volume increased over past five decades. most commonly installed for restoration (61%) protection (12%). Structures predominately characterized as (87%), with fewer interventions. Evidence existed outcomes associated coral-related performance, including mortality, recruitment, cover, diversity. Pronounced gaps occurred at intersection several connectivity, microbiome) all types structures; also artwork structures. Physical was frequently evaluated related waves ( n = 14) sediment morphology 11) pervasive other storm surge water level. Conclusions While map highlighted clusters, it revealed pronounced surrounding compiled will policy, management, future consideration environmental protection. Map findings point promising avenues, investigating seascape-scale effects

Язык: Английский

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An evaluation tool for assessing coral restoration efforts

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2024

The ever-increasing need for coral restoration as a tool available to mitigate reef declines and aid in the recovery of lost ecosystem services requires improving performance over time through an adaptive management framework evaluate status programs using uniform, consistent metrics. An evaluation tool, presented herein, allows practitioners managers self-evaluate robustness each project identify successful metrics, those metrics that special attention, changes strategies can improve recovery. This is designed allow track progress key metric assist upon successes learning from failures. within this focus on published best-management practices have resulted extensive research conducted by experts past 20 years. Common growth survival are included, addition parameters vital operational success programs, such reproduction, recruitment associated taxa, increasing habitat fisheries, overall habitat. Five Caribbean with at least 15 years experience, case studies. Each program was evaluated based six categories including: field-based nurseries, outplantings, programmatic management, education outreach, event-driven restoration, socioeconomic restoration. Category-specific were scored binary scoring system summarized stop-light indicator framework, where resulting color/score indicates operations tatus different components (Scores >75% = green/successful; 50–74.9% light green > yellow orange/intermediate; <49.9% red/sub-optimal). Composite scores may be used individual projects, or even large-scale state regional plans. Overall, four five indicating most these performing well, versatile, well managed, sustainable. Outside environmental factors disturbance events, many described resource limitations, including funding staffing, reasons low some A holistic rubric incorporated into self-assessment ensure projects working towards sustainability.

Язык: Английский

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