Immune Response Dynamics to SARS-CoV-2 in the Albanian Population: A Study on T-Cell and Antibody Interactions During the Transition From Pandemic to Endemic Phase DOI Creative Commons
Genc Sulcebe, Erkena Shyti,

Jonida Dashi-Pasholli

и другие.

Infectious Diseases & Immunity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2024

Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a dynamic evolution of the immune response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), initially characterized by primary responses and later secondary due mass vaccination viral variants. Understanding interplay between humoral (antibody) cellular (T-cell) immunity is crucial for effective public health strategies. This study aims evaluate correlation T-cell antibody levels sample adult Albanian population during transition COVID-19 from an endemic phase. rationale this investigation generate data that can inform ongoing management COVID-19, particularly context monitoring, ensure strategies remain as virus becomes more permanent population. Methods: cross-sectional observational involved individuals over 18 years age who were randomly selected at intervals every 20 records family doctor registries five urban centers Tirana Berat, Albania, January 23 April 3, 2023. Participants provided demographic data, including infection history. Blood samples analyzed using Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release assay enzyme-linked immunosorbent measure anti-spike (S1) anti-nucleoprotein (N) IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses conducted examine relationships IFN-γ, anti-S1, anti-N antibodies factors such status, prior infections, reinfection rates. These employed bivariate multivariate approaches, Fisher’s exact test, Mann–Whitney U Kruskal–Wallis linear multiple regression analyses, Spearman’s coefficient test. Results: 164 (54.7% female, median 43 years). Of these individuals, 62.8% (103/164) vaccinated, primarily with Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. IFN-γ positivity was detected 95.1% (156/164), anti-S1 93.3% (153/164). Significant correlations observed ( r = 0.502; P < 0.001). Vaccinated exhibited significantly higher than unvaccinated 0.05). Reinfections prevalent vaccinated (26.2% [16/61] vs. 12.6% [13/103], 0.034). According analysis, correlated protection against (regression β –0.003; 0.042), while did not exhibit –1.659; 0.146). Conclusion: Vaccination, especially when combined previous infection, boosts both SARS-CoV-2. close indicates mount robust response. lower rates among highlight importance sustained protection. Assessing could be beneficial immunocompromised making decisions about revaccination. highlights critical role comprehensive monitoring offers insights future

Язык: Английский

BA.1 breakthrough infection elicits distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in vaccinated-only versus hybrid immunity individuals DOI Creative Commons
Carla Saade, Timothée Bruel,

Lou-Léna Vrignaud

и другие.

iScience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(4), С. 111962 - 111962

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025

Immune memory is influenced by the frequency and type of antigenic challenges. Here, we performed a cross-sectional comparison immune parameters following BA.1 breakthrough infection in individuals with prior hybrid immunity (conferred vaccination) versus those solely vaccinated cohort health care workers Lyon, France. The results showed higher levels serum anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies neutralizing against post-infection vaccine-only group. Individuals this group also decrease B cells ancestral strain but an increase specific cross-reactive to BA.1, suggesting more limited imprinting. Conversely, prevents antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response, possibly limiting IgG4 class-switching enhanced anti-N responses post-infection. This highlights that induces different depending on history vaccination infection, which should be considered for further guidelines.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1

Enhanced RBD-Specific Antibody Responses and SARS-CoV-2-Relevant T-Cell Activity in Healthcare Workers Following Booster Vaccination DOI Creative Commons
Lina Souan, Hikmat Abdel‐Razeq, Maher A. Sughayer

и другие.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 46(10), С. 11124 - 11135

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024

COVID-19 continues to impact healthcare workers (HCWs), making it crucial investigate vaccine response rates. This study examined HCWs’ humoral and cellular immunological responses booster dosages. We enrolled thirty-four vaccinated HCWs. Twelve received a booster. Post-immunization, the participants’ anti-COVID-19 IgG antibodies IFN-γ secretion were assessed. The median second immunization time was 406.5 days. Eighteen of twenty-two (81.8%) experienced breakthrough infections after vaccination, whereas ten out twelve individuals who doses had (83.3%). Six HCWs (17.6%) no infections. Booster-injection recipients antibody titer 19,592 AU/mL, compared 7513.55 AU/mL. with exhibited 13,271.9 7770.65 AU/mL for those without Breakthrough-infection booster-injection groups slightly higher T-cell antigens 1, 2, 3. SARS-CoV-2 responsiveness positively associated. sustain immunity over 10 months. Irrespective type vaccine, injections enhance these immune responses. results our research are consistent previous studies, multicenter investigation could validate findings.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Immune Response Dynamics to SARS-CoV-2 in the Albanian Population: A Study on T-Cell and Antibody Interactions During the Transition From Pandemic to Endemic Phase DOI Creative Commons
Genc Sulcebe, Erkena Shyti,

Jonida Dashi-Pasholli

и другие.

Infectious Diseases & Immunity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2024

Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a dynamic evolution of the immune response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), initially characterized by primary responses and later secondary due mass vaccination viral variants. Understanding interplay between humoral (antibody) cellular (T-cell) immunity is crucial for effective public health strategies. This study aims evaluate correlation T-cell antibody levels sample adult Albanian population during transition COVID-19 from an endemic phase. rationale this investigation generate data that can inform ongoing management COVID-19, particularly context monitoring, ensure strategies remain as virus becomes more permanent population. Methods: cross-sectional observational involved individuals over 18 years age who were randomly selected at intervals every 20 records family doctor registries five urban centers Tirana Berat, Albania, January 23 April 3, 2023. Participants provided demographic data, including infection history. Blood samples analyzed using Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release assay enzyme-linked immunosorbent measure anti-spike (S1) anti-nucleoprotein (N) IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses conducted examine relationships IFN-γ, anti-S1, anti-N antibodies factors such status, prior infections, reinfection rates. These employed bivariate multivariate approaches, Fisher’s exact test, Mann–Whitney U Kruskal–Wallis linear multiple regression analyses, Spearman’s coefficient test. Results: 164 (54.7% female, median 43 years). Of these individuals, 62.8% (103/164) vaccinated, primarily with Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. IFN-γ positivity was detected 95.1% (156/164), anti-S1 93.3% (153/164). Significant correlations observed ( r = 0.502; P < 0.001). Vaccinated exhibited significantly higher than unvaccinated 0.05). Reinfections prevalent vaccinated (26.2% [16/61] vs. 12.6% [13/103], 0.034). According analysis, correlated protection against (regression β –0.003; 0.042), while did not exhibit –1.659; 0.146). Conclusion: Vaccination, especially when combined previous infection, boosts both SARS-CoV-2. close indicates mount robust response. lower rates among highlight importance sustained protection. Assessing could be beneficial immunocompromised making decisions about revaccination. highlights critical role comprehensive monitoring offers insights future

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0