Stem Cell Research & Therapy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025
As
one
of
the
stem
cell
markers,
chromobox
protein
homolog
3
(CBX3)
participates
in
multiple
signaling
pathways
that
affect
progression
various
tumors.
However,
role
CBX3
melanoma
remains
unclear,
and
mechanisms
by
which
may
regulate
immunotherapy
outcome
remain
largely
unknown.
We
used
Cancer
Genome
Atlas,
Genotype-Tissue
Expression
portal,
Gene
Omnibus
database
to
estimate
expression
its
prognostic
effect
melanoma.
The
proliferation
migration
cells
were
examined
using
CCK8,
cloning,
wound
healing,
transwell
assays.
on
tumorigenesis
was
assessed
an
vivo
animal
model.
cycle
flow
cytometry,
levels
cycle-related
genes
proteins
with
altered
analyzed
qPCR
western
blotting.
function
immune
microenvironment
studied
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
public
databases.
found
highly
expressed
poor
prognosis.
promoted
vitro.
Functional
analysis
revealed
regulates
cycle,
as
it
accelerated
G1
S
transition,
decreased
p21
expression,
increased
CDK6
expression.
Finally,
immune-related
assays
showed
is
immunogenic
can
change
conclude
marker,
activates
p21/CDK6
pathway
alters
Abstract
Adoptive
cell
therapy
(ACT)
is
a
rapidly
growing
anti‐cancer
strategy
that
has
shown
promise
in
treating
various
cancer
types.
The
concept
of
ACT
involves
activating
patients’
own
immune
cells
ex
vivo
and
then
transferring
them
back
to
the
patients
recognize
eliminate
cells.
Currently,
commonly
used
includes
tumor‐infiltrating
lymphocytes
(TILs),
genetically
engineered
cells,
dendritic
(DCs)
vaccines.
With
advancement
culture
genetic
engineering
techniques,
been
clinics
treat
malignant
hematological
diseases
many
new
ACT‐based
regimens
are
different
stages
clinical
trials.
Here,
representative
approaches
introduced
opportunities
challenges
for
translation
discussed.
Journal of Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024
Abstract
The
immune
system
in
humans
is
a
defense
department
against
both
exogenous
and
endogenous
hazards,
where
CD8
+
T
cells
play
crucial
role
opposing
pathological
threats.
Various
immunotherapies
based
on
have
emerged
recent
decades,
showing
their
promising
results
treating
intractable
diseases.
However,
the
fight
constantly
changing
evolving
cancers,
formation
function
of
can
be
challenged
by
tumors
that
might
train
group
accomplices
to
resist
cell
killing.
As
cancer
therapy
stepped
into
era
immunotherapy,
understanding
physiological
cells,
studying
machinery
tumor
escape,
thereby
formulating
different
therapeutic
strategies
become
imperative
missions
for
clinical
translational
researchers
fulfill.
After
brief
basics
cell-based
biology
covered,
this
review
delineates
mechanisms
escape
discusses
immunotherapy
regimens
with
own
advantages
setbacks,
embracing
challenges
perspectives
near
future.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025
High-grade
serous
ovarian
cancer
(HGSOC),
the
predominant
subtype
of
epithelial
cancer,
is
frequently
diagnosed
at
an
advanced
stage
due
to
its
nonspecific
early
symptoms.
Despite
standard
treatments,
including
cytoreductive
surgery
and
platinum-based
chemotherapy,
significant
improvements
in
survival
have
been
limited.
Understanding
molecular
mechanisms,
immune
landscape,
drug
sensitivity
HGSOC
crucial
for
developing
more
effective
personalized
therapies.
This
study
integrates
insights
from
immunology,
profiling,
analysis
identify
novel
therapeutic
targets
improve
treatment
outcomes.
Utilizing
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
(scRNA-seq),
systematically
examines
tumor
heterogeneity
microenvironment,
focusing
on
biomarkers
influencing
response
activity,
aiming
enhance
patient
outcomes
quality
life.
scRNA-seq
data
was
obtained
GEO
database
this
study.
Differential
gene
expression
analyzed
using
ontology
set
enrichment
methods.
InferCNV
identified
malignant
cells,
while
Monocle,
Cytotrace,
Slingshot
software
inferred
differentiation
trajectories.
The
CellChat
package
predicted
cellular
communication
between
cell
subtypes
other
pySCENIC
utilized
transcription
factor
regulatory
networks
within
subtypes.
Finally,
results
were
validated
through
functional
experiments,
a
prognostic
model
developed
assess
prognosis,
infiltration,
across
various
risk
groups.
investigated
scRNA-seq,
their
interactions
microenvironment.
We
confirmed
key
role
C2
IGF2+
HGSOC,
which
significantly
associated
with
poor
prognosis
high
levels
chromosomal
copy
number
variations.
located
terminal
tumor,
displaying
higher
degree
malignancy
close
association
IIIC
tissue
types.
also
metabolic
pathways,
such
as
glycolysis
riboflavin
metabolism,
well
programmed
death
processes.
highlighted
complex
fibroblasts
MK
signaling
pathway,
may
be
closely
related
tumor-associated
progression.
Elevated
PRRX1
connected
impact
disease
progression
by
modulating
transcription.
A
based
demonstrated
adverse
outcomes,
emphasizing
importance
infiltration
clinical
intervention
strategies.
oncology,
immunotherapy,
reveal
mechanisms
driving
resistance.
subtype,
linked
offers
promising
target
future
Emphasizing
sensitivity,
research
highlights
strategies
life
patients.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2024
Abstract
Hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC)
is
one
of
the
leading
contributors
to
cancer‐related
death
because
immunosuppressive
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
limits
its
therapeutic
efficacy.
Gasdermin
(GSDM)‐mediated
pyroptosis
a
new
programmed
cell
that
can
boost
antitumor
immune
responses.
However,
inducing
efficient
reverse
TME
challenging.
Herein,
layered
double
hydroxide‐coated
magnesium
(Zn‐LDH@Mg)
implants
are
designed
and
constructed
as
alternating
magnetic
field
(AMF)‐activated
inducers
induce
highly
effective
in
cancer
cells.
The
powerful
eddy‐thermal
effects
Zn‐LDH@Mg
markedly
amplify
malignant
cells
through
Caspase‐1/GSDMD‐dependent
canonical
pathway.
Moreover,
Mg
2+
synergistically
activate
T
(especially
CD8
+
cells)
enhance
infiltration
immune‐supportive
This
innovative
strategy
not
only
significantly
suppresses
proliferation
primary
but
also
stimulates
response
further
efficacy
checkpoint
inhibitors
impede
progression
distant
tumors.
work
emphasizes
importance
surface
engineering
strategies
for
preparation
novel
highlights
effectiveness
reversing
immunotherapy,
providing
approach
rational
design
bioactive
materials
increase
immunotherapy.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(15)
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024
In
the
past
decade,
adoptive
cell
therapy
with
chimeric
antigen
receptor-T
(CAR-T)
cells
has
revolutionized
cancer
treatment.
However,
complexity
and
high
costs
involved
in
manufacturing
current
greatly
inhibit
its
widespread
availability
access.
To
address
this,
situ
therapy,
which
directly
reprograms
immune
inside
body,
recently
been
developed
as
a
promising
alternative.
Here,
an
overview
of
recent
progress
development
synthetic
nanomaterials
is
provided
to
deliver
plasmid
DNA
or
mRNA
for
reprogramming
T
macrophages,
focusing
especially
on
CAR
therapies.
Also,
main
challenges
are
discussed
some
approaches
overcome
these
barriers
fulfill
clinical
applications
proposed.
Melanoma
is
an
aggressive
type
of
skin
cancer
that
arises
from
melanocytes,
the
cells
responsible
for
producing
pigment.
In
contrast
to
non-melanoma
cancers
like
basal
cell
carcinoma
and
squamous
carcinoma,
melanoma
more
invasive.
was
distinguished
by
its
rapid
progression,
high
metastatic
potential,
significant
resistance
conventional
therapies.
Although
it
accounted
a
small
proportion
cases,
accounts
majority
deaths
caused
due
ability
invade
deep
tissues,
adapt
diverse
microenvironments,
evade
immune
responses.
These
unique
features
highlighted
challenges
treating
underscored
importance
advanced
tools,
such
as
single-cell
sequencing,
unravel
biology
develop
personalized
therapeutic
strategies.
Thus,
we
conducted
analysis
cellular
composition
within
tumor
tissues
further
subdivided
into
subpopulations.
Through
analyzing
metabolic
pathways,
stemness
genes,
transcription
factors
(TFs)
among
in
different
phases
(G1,
G2/M,
S)
well
between
primary
foci
cells,
investigated
specific
mechanisms
underlying
metastasis.
We
also
revisited
temporal
trajectories
subpopulations,
identifying
core
subpopulation
C0
SOD3
+
cells.
Our
findings
revealed
close
relationship
pivotal
oxidative
pathways
tissues.
Additionally,
analyzed
prognostically
relevant
differentially
expressed
genes
(DEGs)
built
predictive
model
associated
with
outcomes.
selected
gene
IGF1
highest
coefficient
(coef)
value
analysis,
experimentally
validated
essential
function
proliferation
invasive
metastasis
melanoma.
infiltration
discovered
critical
roles
played
M1/M2
macrophages
progression
evasion.
Furthermore,
development
malignant
were
closely
various
forms
programmed
death
(PCD),
including
apoptosis,
autophagic
death,
ferroptosis,
pyroptosis.
often
resisted
mechanisms,
maintaining
their
growth
inhibiting
apoptosis
evading
death.
Meanwhile,
induction
ferroptosis
pyroptosis
thought
trigger
responses
helped
suppress
dissemination.
A
deeper
understanding
PCD
provided
foundation
developing
novel
targeted
therapies,
potential
enhance
treatment
efficacy.
contributed
prognostic
models
shed
light
on
research
directions
concerning
targets.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Thermoelectric
therapy
has
been
emerging
as
a
promising
and
versatile
strategy
for
targeting
malignant
tumors
treatment.
However,
the
lack
of
effective
time-space
controlled
triggering
thermoelectric
effect
in
vivo
limits
application
therapy.
Here
magnetically
triggered
heterojunction
(CuFe2O4/SrTiO3,
CFO/STO)
synergistic
thermoelectric/chemodynamic/immuno-therapy
is
developed.
The
efficient
magnetothermal
nanoagent
(CFO)
synthesized
using
hydrothermal
method,
nanomaterials
(STO)
are
grown
on
its
surface
to
create
heterojunction.
To
enhance
oral
delivery
efficiency,
fusion
membrane
(M)
Staphylococcus
aureus
macrophage
cell
membranes
coated
CFO/STO
heterojunction,
enabling
orthotopic
colorectal
cancer.
Once
CFO/STO@M
reaches
tumor
region,
vitro
alternating
magnetic
field
(AMF)
stimulation
activates
catalytic
treatment
through
magnetic-thermo-electric
energy
cascade
conversion
effect.
Additionally,
immunogenic
death
cells,
down-regulating
vascular
endothelial
growth
factor
heat
shock
protein
HSP70,
increasing
expression
adhesion
molecule
(ICAM-1/VCAM-1),
M1
polarization
macrophages
contribute
immunotherapy.
Overall,
based
shows
remarkable
antitumor
capability
female
mice,
offering
approach
broaden
both
scope
effectiveness
cancer
treatment,
but
limited
by
spatiotemporal
control
vivo.
Here,
authors
report
spatiotemporally
controllable
nanodevice
that
allows
precise
mediate
thermoelectric/chemodynamic/immunotherapy
