Journal of Environmental Management,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
346, С. 118941 - 118941
Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2023
Many
parts
of
Europe
face
increasing
challenges
managing
wildfires.
Although
wildfire
is
an
integral
part
certain
ecosystems,
fires
in
many
places
are
becoming
larger
and
more
intense,
driven
largely
by
climate
change,
land
abandonment,
changes
fuel
management
with
important
socioeconomic,
environmental,
ecosystem
services
consequences
for
Europe.
In
order
to
envision
a
comprehensive
fire
risk
mitigation
strategy
Europe,
spatial
assessment
opportunities
manage
fuels
at
the
landscape-scale
needed.
Our
study
explored
suitability
three
strategies
(LMS)-herbivory,
mechanical
removal,
prescribed
burn-which
can
create
heterogenous
fuelscapes,
thereby
reducing
element
risk.
We
created
maps
each
LMS
using
adoption
factors
identified
systematic
literature
review
(n
=
123).
compared
these
areas
historical
occurrence
as
proxy
prioritize
key
intervention.
found
that
over
quarter
was
suitable
multiple
within
greater
risk,
creating
concurrent
synergistic
use
strategies.
Options
were
limited
southern
where
burn
be
uniquely
viable
amongst
evaluated.
Opportunities
also
restricted
some
high
northern
herbivory
only
LMS.
findings
take
wide-view
target
decision
making
focused
on
However,
other
must
taken
into
account
successfully
local
scales,
including
socio-cultural
appropriateness
LMS,
viability
incentive
schemes,
possible
trade-offs
goals,
such
carbon
storage
biodiversity.
Global Ecology and Biogeography,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
29(11), С. 2039 - 2051
Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2020
Abstract
Aim
Climate
warming
is
increasing
fire
activity
in
many
of
Earth’s
forested
ecosystems.
Because
a
catalyst
for
change,
investigation
post‐fire
vegetation
response
critical
to
understanding
the
potential
future
conversions
from
forest
non‐forest
types.
We
characterized
influences
climate
and
terrain
on
tree
regeneration
assessed
how
these
biophysical
factors
might
shape
vulnerability
wildfire‐driven
conversion.
Location
Montane
forests,
Rocky
Mountains,
USA.
Time
period
1981–2099.
Taxa
studied
Pinus
ponderosa
;
Pseudotsuga
menziesii
.
Methods
developed
database
dendrochronological
samples
(
n
=
717)
plots
1,301)
environments
spanning
range
topoclimatic
settings.
then
used
statistical
models
predict
annual
seedling
establishment
suitability
total
abundance
suite
correlates.
Finally,
we
reconstructed
recent
trends
recovery
projected
dynamics
using
three
general
circulation
(GCMs)
under
moderate
extreme
CO
2
emission
scenarios.
Results
Though
growing
season
(April–September)
precipitation
during
(1981–2015)
was
positively
associated
with
establishment,
(2021–2099)
were
widely
variable
among
GCMs,
leading
mixed
projections
suitability.
In
contrast,
climatic
water
deficit
(CWD),
which
indicative
warm,
dry
conditions,
negatively
increase
throughout
southern
Mountains
future.
Our
findings
suggest
that
increases
CWD
an
increased
frequency
drought
years
will
substantially
reduce
densities.
Main
conclusions
This
study
highlights
key
roles
drying
declining
resilience
wildfire.
Moisture
stress,
driven
by
macroclimate
topographic
setting,
interact
wildfire
patterns
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
18(5), С. 288 - 297
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2020
Plant
distributions
are
strongly
influenced
by
both
climate
and
topography.
In
an
analysis
of
geographic
topographic
for
selected
tree
species
in
California,
we
found
that
populations
increasingly
restricted
to
extreme
positions
as
they
approach
the
edge
their
ranges,
occupying
cooler,
pole‐facing
slopes
(at
warm
dry
edge)
warmer,
equator‐facing
cool
moist
edge).
At
a
local
scale,
across
gradients
also
correlate
with
ranges
(species
occupy
cooler
locations
within
landscape
have
moister
distributions,
vice
versa).
Model
outputs
indicated
on
will
experience
population
declines
increases,
respectively,
response
warmer
drier
future.
As
such,
locations,
which
viewed
refugia
some
contexts,
may
be
most
threatened
anthropogenic
change.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2020
Abstract
Climate
change
is
anticipated
to
increase
the
frequency
and
intensity
of
droughts,
with
major
impacts
ecosystems
globally.
Broad-scale
assessments
vegetation
responses
drought
are
needed
anticipate,
manage,
potentially
mitigate
climate-change
effects
on
ecosystems.
We
quantified
sensitivity
in
Pacific
Northwest,
USA,
as
percent
reduction
greenness
under
droughts
relative
baseline
moisture
conditions.
At
a
regional
scale,
shrub-steppe
ecosystems—with
drier
climates
lower
biomass—showed
greater
than
conifer
forests.
However,
variability
was
considerable
within
biomes
mediated
by
landscape
topography,
climate,
soil
characteristics.
Drought
generally
areas
higher
elevation,
bulk
density.
Ecosystems
high
included
dry
forests
along
ecotones
shrublands,
Rocky
Mountain
subalpine
forests,
cold
upland
sagebrush
communities.
In
valley
bottoms
low
density
available
water
capacity
showed
reduced
sensitivity,
suggesting
their
potential
refugia.
These
regional-scale
drought-sensitivity
patterns
discerned
from
remote
sensing
can
complement
plot-scale
studies
plant
physiological
help
inform
climate-adaptation
planning
conditions
intensify.
Abstract
Background
Forest
and
nonforest
ecosystems
of
the
western
United
States
are
experiencing
major
transformations
in
response
to
land-use
change,
climate
warming,
their
interactive
effects
with
wildland
fire.
Some
transitioning
persistent
alternative
types,
hereafter
called
“vegetation
type
conversion”
(VTC).
VTC
is
one
most
pressing
management
issues
southwestern
US,
yet
current
strategies
intervene
address
change
often
use
trial-and-error
approaches
devised
after
fact.
To
better
understand
how
manage
VTC,
we
gathered
managers,
scientists,
practitioners
from
across
US
collect
experiences
challenges,
responses,
outcomes.
Results
Participants
two
workshops
provided
11
descriptive
case
studies
61
examples
own
field
observations.
These
demonstrate
extent
complexity
ecological
reorganization
region.
High-severity
fire
was
predominant
driver
semi-arid
coniferous
forests.
By
a
large
margin,
these
forests
converted
shrubland,
fewer
conversions
native
or
non-native
herbaceous
communities.
Chaparral
sagebrush
areas
nearly
always
grasses
through
interactions
among
land
use,
climate,
Management
interventions
attempted
reverse
changes,
although
found
that
efforts
cover
only
small
portion
high-severity
burn
undergoing
VTC.
incurred
long
(>10
years)
observational
periods
prior
initiating
interventions.
Efforts
facilitate
were
rare,
but
could
spatial
areas.
Conclusions
Our
findings
underscore
conversion
common
outcome
US.
Ecosystem
managers
frontline
observers
far-reaching
potentially
making
valuable
further
developing
intervention
research
agendas.
As
its
drivers
increase
appears
increasingly
likely
many
contexts
may
require
paradigms
transition
as
well.
Approaches
include
new
models
desired
conditions,
experimentation
by
broader
implementation
adaptive
strategies.
Continuing
support
develop
science-manager
partnerships
peer
learning
groups
will
help
shape
our
ongoing
rapid
transformations.
Climate,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(4), С. 58 - 58
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2022
As
the
effects
of
climate
change
accumulate
and
intensify,
resource
managers
juggle
existing
goals
new
mandates
to
operationalize
adaptation.
Fire
contend
with
direct
on
resources
in
addition
climate-induced
disruptions
fire
regimes
subsequent
ecosystem
effects.
In
systems
stressed
by
warming
drying,
increased
activity
amplifies
pace
scale
severe
disturbance
events,
heightening
urgency
for
management
action.
are
asked
integrate
information
impacts
their
professional
expertise
determine
how
achieve
objectives
a
changing
altered
regimes.
This
is
difficult
task,
need
support
as
they
incorporate
adaptation
into
planning
operations.
We
present
list
strategies
approaches
specific
based
co-produced
knowledge
from
science–management
partnership
pilot-tested
two-day
workshop
natural
regional
stakeholders.
“menu”
flexible
useful
tool
who
connect
dots
between
ecology,
science,
intent,
implementation.
It
was
created
tested
part
an
framework
used
widely
across
United
States
should
be
applicable
many
fire-prone
forest
ecosystems.
Frontiers in Forests and Global Change,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
5
Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2022
Forest
fires
are
emitting
substantial
amounts
of
greenhouse
gases
and
particulate
matter
into
the
atmosphere
than
assumed
in
state
climate
targets.
It
can
play
an
important
role
combustible
environments,
such
as
shrublands,
grasslands,
forests,
contribute
to
change.
Thus,
forest
fire,
change
is
intertwined
concepts.
As
vegetation
burns,
release
carbon
stored
within
them.
This
main
reason
why
large-scale
atmospheric
dioxide
(CO
2
)
hence,
responsible
for
increasing
rate
a
great
extent.
extremely
significant
measure
contribution
global
fire
emissions
trends
gases.
In
this
context,
continental-scale
assessments
were
primarily
attempted
using
ground-based
datasets
ecosystem
fires.
Considerable
research
has
been
published
employing
remote
sensing
data
from
coast
coast.
While
valuable,
they
have
some
restrictions
that
be
overcome
by
sensing.
Ground-based
limited
total
burned
area,
with
their
completeness
changing
yearly
location.
Remote
provide
additional
spatio-temporal
information
improve
emission
estimates.
paper,
factors
driving
brief
discussion
on
triangular
relationship
between
land
degradation,
change,
Sensing
Geographic
Information
Systems
(GIS),
machine
learning
(ML),
critical
overview
state-of-the-art
presented.
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
345, С. 109828 - 109828
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023
Forest
canopies
can
buffer
the
understory
against
temperature
extremes,
often
creating
cooler
microclimates
during
warm
summer
days
compared
to
temperatures
outside
forest.
The
buffering
of
maximum
in
results
from
a
combination
canopy
shading
and
air
cooling
through
soil
water
evaporation
plant
transpiration.
Therefore,
capacity
forests
depends
on
cover
moisture
content,
which
are
increasingly
affected
by
more
frequent
severe
disturbances
droughts.
extent
this
will
be
maintained
future
conditions
is
unclear
due
lack
understanding
about
relationship
between
interaction
with
topographic
settings.
We
explored
how
variability
affects
offsets
inside
forest
daily
basis,
using
data
54
sites
temperate
broadleaf
Central
Europe
over
four
climatically
different
seasons.
Daily
understories
were
average
2
°C
than
temperatures.
was
effective
when
higher,
sensitive
drier
soils
sun-exposed
slopes
high
heat
load.
Based
these
results,
soil–water
limitation
become
prevalent
under
warmer
likely
lead
changes
communities.
Thus,
our
highlight
urgent
need
include
models
predictions
microclimate,
biodiversity
tree
regeneration,
provide
precise
estimate
effects
climate
change.
Open Research Europe,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
4, С. 131 - 131
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Unprecedented
wildfires
are
expected
to
remain
a
major
challenge
for
Europe
in
the
coming
years
due
their
increasing
frequency
and
intensity.
However,
there
is
currently
no
standardized
framework
managing
wildfire
risk,
with
common
definition
of
integrated
risk
management,
lack
consensus
within
sustainable
forest
over
20
synonyms
semi-synonyms
used
Continuous
Cover
Forestry
(CCF),
including
among
others,
close-to-nature
management.
This
open
letter
examines
highlights
importance
implementing
two
key
approaches,
Integrated
Fire
Management
(IFM)
EU’s
proposed
approach
Closer-To-Nature
Forest
(CTNFM)
temporal
spatial
connectivity
face
climate
change.
The
document
discusses
relevant
management
options
address
challenges,
associated
impacts
such
as
degradation
biodiversity
loss.
It
emphasizes
urgent
need
action
by
EU
Member
States
light
bottom-up
(local
regional
national
level),
political
commitment,
public
awareness
these
issues
effectively.
Key
topics
covered
include
adaptation
strategies
plant
species,
impact
change
land
use
on
today’s
uncharacteristic
fire
regimes
conditions.
Silvicultural
closer-to-nature
practices,
where
needed
appropriate,
promotion
natural
regeneration
enhancement
broadleaves,
mixed
stand
composition
strategic
tree
spacing
examined
means
reduce
spread
fires
wildfire-prone
areas.
also
benefits
landscape-scale
that
includes
prevention,
ecological
resilience,
habitat
conservation
resource
Options
presented
policy
makers
stakeholders
support
through
collaboration,
enforcement,
stewardship,
monitoring
capabilities,
education,
research
support,
international
cooperation.
integration
IFM
CTNFM
can
improve
mitigation,
preparedness,
adaptive
capacity,
thereby
promoting
resilient
landscapes
communities
long-term.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
380(1924)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Human
activities
have
a
major
impact
on
fire
regimes.
that
cause
landscape
fragmentation,
such
as
creating
roads
and
other
infrastructure
or
converting
areas
to
agriculture,
tend
restrict,
rather
than
promote,
fire.
The
human
influence
is
complex,
however,
the
of
fragmentation
regime
depends
climate
vegetation
conditions.
Climate-induced
changes
in
fuel
loads
also
affect
natural
ways
independent
influence.
Disentangling
controls
regimes
challenging
because
multiple
interactions
between
climate,
vegetation,
people
fire,
different
timescales
over
which
they
operate.
We
explore
these
relationships,
drawing
statistical
modelling
analyses
palaeoenvironmental,
historical
recent
observations
at
regional
global
scales.
show
how
relationships
changed
through
time
vary
spatially
function
environmental
biotic
gradients.
Specifically,
we
climate-driven
been
most
important
drivers
changing
least
until
Industrial
Revolution.
Statistical
no
discernible
hunter–gatherer
communities,
even
time-transgressive
introduction
agriculture
during
Neolithic
had
scale.
post-industrial
expansion
was
an
fires,
but
since
late
19th
century,
overwhelming
humans
has
reduce
progressive
influencing
ignitions.
Model
projections
suggest
reduction
will
be
outweighed
by
climatically
driven
increases
end
21st
century.
This
article
part
theme
issue
‘Novel
under
influences:
impacts,
ecosystem
responses
feedbacks’.