Trends in Ecology & Evolution,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
39(9), С. 800 - 808
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024
HighlightsClimate-change
refugia
can
support
biodiversity
by
maintaining
buffered
conditions
despite
climate
change
and
are
a
critical
tool
for
the
unfolding
extinction
crisis.Despite
their
capacity
to
protect
biodiversity,
climate-change
will
be
increasingly
vulnerable
impacts
of
multiple
interacting
stressors
may
hence
require
management.Effective
protection
under
facilitated
managing
or
newly
establishing
on
basis
factors
processes
that
create
them.Using
four
clear
steps,
appropriate
actions
maintain
refugia,
ranging
from
minimal
management
more
extensive
restoration
efforts,
determined.Identifying
reduce
extinctions
contribute
landscapes
holistically
managed
conservation
change.AbstractEarth
is
facing
simultaneous
crises.
Climate-change
–
areas
relatively
help
address
both
these
problems
components
when
surrounding
landscape
no
longer
can.
However,
this
often
severe
other
stressors.
Thus,
need
consider
complex
multidimensional
nature
refugia.
We
outline
an
approach
understand
refugia-promoting
evaluate
refugial
determine
suitable
actions.
Our
framework
applies
as
tools
facilitate
resistance
in
modern
planning.
Such
refugia-focused
change.
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
18(5), С. 288 - 297
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2020
Plant
distributions
are
strongly
influenced
by
both
climate
and
topography.
In
an
analysis
of
geographic
topographic
for
selected
tree
species
in
California,
we
found
that
populations
increasingly
restricted
to
extreme
positions
as
they
approach
the
edge
their
ranges,
occupying
cooler,
pole‐facing
slopes
(at
warm
dry
edge)
warmer,
equator‐facing
cool
moist
edge).
At
a
local
scale,
across
gradients
also
correlate
with
ranges
(species
occupy
cooler
locations
within
landscape
have
moister
distributions,
vice
versa).
Model
outputs
indicated
on
will
experience
population
declines
increases,
respectively,
response
warmer
drier
future.
As
such,
locations,
which
viewed
refugia
some
contexts,
may
be
most
threatened
anthropogenic
change.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2020
Abstract
Climate
change
is
anticipated
to
increase
the
frequency
and
intensity
of
droughts,
with
major
impacts
ecosystems
globally.
Broad-scale
assessments
vegetation
responses
drought
are
needed
anticipate,
manage,
potentially
mitigate
climate-change
effects
on
ecosystems.
We
quantified
sensitivity
in
Pacific
Northwest,
USA,
as
percent
reduction
greenness
under
droughts
relative
baseline
moisture
conditions.
At
a
regional
scale,
shrub-steppe
ecosystems—with
drier
climates
lower
biomass—showed
greater
than
conifer
forests.
However,
variability
was
considerable
within
biomes
mediated
by
landscape
topography,
climate,
soil
characteristics.
Drought
generally
areas
higher
elevation,
bulk
density.
Ecosystems
high
included
dry
forests
along
ecotones
shrublands,
Rocky
Mountain
subalpine
forests,
cold
upland
sagebrush
communities.
In
valley
bottoms
low
density
available
water
capacity
showed
reduced
sensitivity,
suggesting
their
potential
refugia.
These
regional-scale
drought-sensitivity
patterns
discerned
from
remote
sensing
can
complement
plot-scale
studies
plant
physiological
help
inform
climate-adaptation
planning
conditions
intensify.
Abstract
Background
Forest
and
nonforest
ecosystems
of
the
western
United
States
are
experiencing
major
transformations
in
response
to
land-use
change,
climate
warming,
their
interactive
effects
with
wildland
fire.
Some
transitioning
persistent
alternative
types,
hereafter
called
“vegetation
type
conversion”
(VTC).
VTC
is
one
most
pressing
management
issues
southwestern
US,
yet
current
strategies
intervene
address
change
often
use
trial-and-error
approaches
devised
after
fact.
To
better
understand
how
manage
VTC,
we
gathered
managers,
scientists,
practitioners
from
across
US
collect
experiences
challenges,
responses,
outcomes.
Results
Participants
two
workshops
provided
11
descriptive
case
studies
61
examples
own
field
observations.
These
demonstrate
extent
complexity
ecological
reorganization
region.
High-severity
fire
was
predominant
driver
semi-arid
coniferous
forests.
By
a
large
margin,
these
forests
converted
shrubland,
fewer
conversions
native
or
non-native
herbaceous
communities.
Chaparral
sagebrush
areas
nearly
always
grasses
through
interactions
among
land
use,
climate,
Management
interventions
attempted
reverse
changes,
although
found
that
efforts
cover
only
small
portion
high-severity
burn
undergoing
VTC.
incurred
long
(>10
years)
observational
periods
prior
initiating
interventions.
Efforts
facilitate
were
rare,
but
could
spatial
areas.
Conclusions
Our
findings
underscore
conversion
common
outcome
US.
Ecosystem
managers
frontline
observers
far-reaching
potentially
making
valuable
further
developing
intervention
research
agendas.
As
its
drivers
increase
appears
increasingly
likely
many
contexts
may
require
paradigms
transition
as
well.
Approaches
include
new
models
desired
conditions,
experimentation
by
broader
implementation
adaptive
strategies.
Continuing
support
develop
science-manager
partnerships
peer
learning
groups
will
help
shape
our
ongoing
rapid
transformations.
Agriculture,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(3), С. 741 - 741
Опубликована: Март 22, 2023
The
most
incredible
diversity,
abundance,
spread,
and
adaptability
in
biology
are
found
insects.
foundation
of
insect
study
pest
management
is
recognition.
However,
the
current
recognition
research
depends
on
a
small
number
taxonomic
experts.
We
can
use
computers
to
differentiate
insects
accurately
instead
professionals
because
quick
advancement
computer
technology.
“YOLOv5”
model,
with
five
different
state
art
object
detection
techniques,
has
been
used
this
classification
investigation
identify
subtle
differences
between
subcategories.
To
enhance
critical
information
feature
map
weaken
supporting
information,
both
channel
spatial
attention
modules
introduced,
improving
network’s
capacity
for
experimental
findings
show
that
F1
score
approaches
0.90,
mAP
value
reaches
93%
through
learning
self-made
dataset.
increased
by
0.02,
1%
as
compared
other
YOLOv5
models,
demonstrating
success
upgraded
YOLOv5-based
system.
Climate,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(4), С. 58 - 58
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2022
As
the
effects
of
climate
change
accumulate
and
intensify,
resource
managers
juggle
existing
goals
new
mandates
to
operationalize
adaptation.
Fire
contend
with
direct
on
resources
in
addition
climate-induced
disruptions
fire
regimes
subsequent
ecosystem
effects.
In
systems
stressed
by
warming
drying,
increased
activity
amplifies
pace
scale
severe
disturbance
events,
heightening
urgency
for
management
action.
are
asked
integrate
information
impacts
their
professional
expertise
determine
how
achieve
objectives
a
changing
altered
regimes.
This
is
difficult
task,
need
support
as
they
incorporate
adaptation
into
planning
operations.
We
present
list
strategies
approaches
specific
based
co-produced
knowledge
from
science–management
partnership
pilot-tested
two-day
workshop
natural
regional
stakeholders.
“menu”
flexible
useful
tool
who
connect
dots
between
ecology,
science,
intent,
implementation.
It
was
created
tested
part
an
framework
used
widely
across
United
States
should
be
applicable
many
fire-prone
forest
ecosystems.
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
345, С. 109828 - 109828
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023
Forest
canopies
can
buffer
the
understory
against
temperature
extremes,
often
creating
cooler
microclimates
during
warm
summer
days
compared
to
temperatures
outside
forest.
The
buffering
of
maximum
in
results
from
a
combination
canopy
shading
and
air
cooling
through
soil
water
evaporation
plant
transpiration.
Therefore,
capacity
forests
depends
on
cover
moisture
content,
which
are
increasingly
affected
by
more
frequent
severe
disturbances
droughts.
extent
this
will
be
maintained
future
conditions
is
unclear
due
lack
understanding
about
relationship
between
interaction
with
topographic
settings.
We
explored
how
variability
affects
offsets
inside
forest
daily
basis,
using
data
54
sites
temperate
broadleaf
Central
Europe
over
four
climatically
different
seasons.
Daily
understories
were
average
2
°C
than
temperatures.
was
effective
when
higher,
sensitive
drier
soils
sun-exposed
slopes
high
heat
load.
Based
these
results,
soil–water
limitation
become
prevalent
under
warmer
likely
lead
changes
communities.
Thus,
our
highlight
urgent
need
include
models
predictions
microclimate,
biodiversity
tree
regeneration,
provide
precise
estimate
effects
climate
change.
Frontiers in Forests and Global Change,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
5
Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2022
Forest
fires
are
emitting
substantial
amounts
of
greenhouse
gases
and
particulate
matter
into
the
atmosphere
than
assumed
in
state
climate
targets.
It
can
play
an
important
role
combustible
environments,
such
as
shrublands,
grasslands,
forests,
contribute
to
change.
Thus,
forest
fire,
change
is
intertwined
concepts.
As
vegetation
burns,
release
carbon
stored
within
them.
This
main
reason
why
large-scale
atmospheric
dioxide
(CO
2
)
hence,
responsible
for
increasing
rate
a
great
extent.
extremely
significant
measure
contribution
global
fire
emissions
trends
gases.
In
this
context,
continental-scale
assessments
were
primarily
attempted
using
ground-based
datasets
ecosystem
fires.
Considerable
research
has
been
published
employing
remote
sensing
data
from
coast
coast.
While
valuable,
they
have
some
restrictions
that
be
overcome
by
sensing.
Ground-based
limited
total
burned
area,
with
their
completeness
changing
yearly
location.
Remote
provide
additional
spatio-temporal
information
improve
emission
estimates.
paper,
factors
driving
brief
discussion
on
triangular
relationship
between
land
degradation,
change,
Sensing
Geographic
Information
Systems
(GIS),
machine
learning
(ML),
critical
overview
state-of-the-art
presented.
BioScience,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
72(1), С. 71 - 90
Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2021
Abstract
Earth
is
experiencing
widespread
ecological
transformation
in
terrestrial,
freshwater,
and
marine
ecosystems
that
attributable
to
directional
environmental
changes,
especially
intensifying
climate
change.
To
better
steward
facing
unprecedented
lasting
change,
a
new
management
paradigm
forming,
supported
by
decision-oriented
framework
presents
three
distinct
choices:
resist,
accept,
or
direct
the
trajectory.
make
these
choices
strategically,
managers
seek
understand
nature
of
could
occur
if
change
accepted
while
identifying
opportunities
intervene
resist
In
this
article,
we
inspire
research
agenda
for
science
focused
on
social
based
five
central
questions
align
with
resist–accept–direct
(RAD)
framework.
Development
needed
apply
RAD
support
natural
resource
conservation
our
rapidly
changing
planet.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
27(15), С. 3395 - 3414
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2021
Global
commitments
to
protected
area
expansion
should
prioritize
opportunities
protect
climate
refugia
and
ecosystems
which
store
high
levels
of
irrecoverable
carbon,
as
key
components
an
effective
response
biodiversity
loss
change.
The
United
States
Canada
are
responsible
for
one-sixth
global
greenhouse
gas
emissions
but
hold
extensive
natural
that
globally
significant
above-
below-ground
carbon.
has
initiated
a
process
network
in
concert
with
efforts
at
reconciliation
Indigenous
Peoples,
acknowledged
nature-based
solutions
aspect
change
mitigation.
US,
although
not
party
conventions,
recently
committed
protecting
30%
its
extent
by
2030
achieving
the
UNFCCC
Paris
Agreement's
mitigation
targets.
afforded
these
dual
conservation
require
coordinated
national
regional
policies
ensure
new
areas
maximize
biodiversity-focused
adaptation
opportunities.
We
address
how
can
best
inform
policy
initiatives
build
on
existing
agency
mandates
planning
species
conservation.
Previous
analyses
priorities
under
have
been
tenuously
linked
contexts
individual
nations
lacked
information
due
limitations
available
datasets.
Comparison
synthesis
predictions
from
range
developed
metrics
allow
such
data
despite
substantial
uncertainty
arising
contrasting
model
assumptions
inputs.
A
case
study
endangered
old-forest-associated
US
Pacific
Northwest
demonstrates
be
nested
hierarchically
within
strategies
integrate
refugia,
connectivity,
ecosystem
carbon
holistically
evaluate
role
different
land
designations
where
protection
biodiversity's
resilience
aligned.