Glia,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
68(3), С. 472 - 494
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2019
Abstract
Glial
ion
transporters
are
important
in
regulation
of
ionic
homeostasis,
cell
volume,
and
cellular
signal
transduction
under
physiological
conditions
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS).
In
response
to
acute
or
chronic
brain
injuries,
these
can
be
activated
differentially
regulate
glial
functions,
which
has
subsequent
impact
on
injury
tissue
repair
functional
recovery.
this
review,
we
summarized
current
knowledge
about
major
transporters,
including
Na
+
/H
exchangers
(NHE),
/Ca
2+
(NCX),
–K
–Cl
−
cotransporters
(NKCC),
–HCO
3
(NBC).
neurological
diseases,
such
as
ischemic
stroke
traumatic
(TBI),
rapidly
play
significant
roles
intra‐
extracellular
pH,
,
K
Ca
synaptic
plasticity,
myelin
formation.
However,
overstimulation
contribute
apoptosis,
demyelination,
inflammation,
excitotoxicity.
glioma,
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD),
multiple
sclerosis
(MS),
involved
glioma
Warburg
effect,
activation,
neuroinflammation,
neuronal
damages.
These
findings
suggest
that
structural
restoration,
development
progression.
A
better
understanding
diseases
will
provide
insights
for
their
potential
therapeutic
targets.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024
Glioblastoma
is
a
highly
aggressive
and
invasive
tumor
that
affects
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS).
With
five-year
survival
rate
of
only
6.9%
median
time
eight
months,
it
has
lowest
among
CNS
tumors.
Its
treatment
consists
surgical
resection,
subsequent
fractionated
radiotherapy
concomitant
adjuvant
chemotherapy
with
temozolomide.
Despite
implementation
clinical
interventions,
recurrence
common
occurrence,
over
80%
cases
arising
at
edge
resection
cavity
few
months
after
treatment.
The
high
location
glioblastoma
indicate
need
for
better
understanding
peritumor
brain
zone
(PBZ).
In
this
review,
we
first
describe
main
radiological,
cellular,
molecular
biomechanical
tissue
features
PBZ;
subsequently,
discuss
its
current
management,
potential
local
therapeutic
approaches
future
prospects.
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(4), С. 331 - 331
Опубликована: Март 29, 2024
Glioblastoma
multiforme
(GBM)
stands
out
as
the
most
tremendous
brain
tumor,
constituting
60%
of
primary
cancers,
accompanied
by
dismal
survival
rates.
Despite
advancements
in
research,
therapeutic
options
remain
limited
to
chemotherapy
and
surgery.
GBM
molecular
heterogeneity,
intricate
interaction
with
tumor
microenvironment
(TME),
non-selective
treatments
contribute
neoplastic
relapse.
Diagnostic
challenges
arise
from
advanced-stage
detection,
necessitating
exploration
novel
biomarkers
for
early
diagnosis.
Using
data
literature
a
bioinformatic
tool,
current
manuscript
delineates
interplay
between
human
GBM,
astrocytes,
myeloid
cells,
underscoring
selected
protein
pathways
belonging
astroglia
lineage,
which
can
be
considered
targeted
therapies.
Moreover,
pivotal
role
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
orchestrating
favorable
cancer
progression
is
highlighted,
suggesting
their
utility
identifying
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
21(19), С. 7358 - 7358
Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2020
Glioblastoma
(GBM)
is
the
most
common
and
aggressive
malignant
primary
brain
tumor
in
adults.
Its
nature
attributed
partly
to
its
deeply
invasive
margins,
molecular
cellular
heterogeneity,
uniquely
tolerant
site
of
origin—the
brain.
The
immunosuppressive
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
GBM
microenvironments
are
significant
obstacles
generating
an
effective
long-lasting
anti-tumoral
response,
as
evidenced
by
this
tumor’s
reduced
rate
treatment
response
high
probability
recurrence.
Immunotherapy
has
revolutionized
patients’
outcomes
across
many
cancers
may
open
new
avenues
for
patients
with
GBM.
There
now
a
range
immunotherapeutic
strategies
being
tested
that
target
both
innate
adaptive
immune
compartment.
These
include
antibodies
re-educate
macrophages,
vaccines
introduce
tumor-specific
dendritic
cells,
checkpoint
molecule
inhibition,
engineered
T
proteins
help
cells
engage
directly
cells.
Despite
this,
there
still
much
ground
be
gained
improving
rates
various
immunotherapies
currently
trialed.
Through
historical
contemporary
studies,
we
examine
fundamentals
CNS
immunity
shape
how
approach
modulation
GBM,
including
revamped
concept
privilege.
We
also
discuss
preclinical
models
used
study
progression
immunity.
Lastly,
studied
overcome
hurdles
blood–brain
barrier
microenvironment.
Glia,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
68(3), С. 472 - 494
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2019
Abstract
Glial
ion
transporters
are
important
in
regulation
of
ionic
homeostasis,
cell
volume,
and
cellular
signal
transduction
under
physiological
conditions
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS).
In
response
to
acute
or
chronic
brain
injuries,
these
can
be
activated
differentially
regulate
glial
functions,
which
has
subsequent
impact
on
injury
tissue
repair
functional
recovery.
this
review,
we
summarized
current
knowledge
about
major
transporters,
including
Na
+
/H
exchangers
(NHE),
/Ca
2+
(NCX),
–K
–Cl
−
cotransporters
(NKCC),
–HCO
3
(NBC).
neurological
diseases,
such
as
ischemic
stroke
traumatic
(TBI),
rapidly
play
significant
roles
intra‐
extracellular
pH,
,
K
Ca
synaptic
plasticity,
myelin
formation.
However,
overstimulation
contribute
apoptosis,
demyelination,
inflammation,
excitotoxicity.
glioma,
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD),
multiple
sclerosis
(MS),
involved
glioma
Warburg
effect,
activation,
neuroinflammation,
neuronal
damages.
These
findings
suggest
that
structural
restoration,
development
progression.
A
better
understanding
diseases
will
provide
insights
for
their
potential
therapeutic
targets.
