Hydrogeology Journal,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
30(1), С. 251 - 264
Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2021
Abstract
The
spatial
and
temporal
controls
on
variability
of
the
relative
contributions
groundwater
within
between
flow
systems
to
shallow
lakes
in
low-relief
glaciated
Boreal
Plains
Canada
were
evaluated.
Eleven
located
a
coarse
glacial
outwash,
varying
topographic
positions
potential
contributing
areas,
sampled
annually
for
stable
O
H
isotope
ratios
over
course
8
years.
It
was
demonstrated
that
landscape
position
is
dominant
control
these
pattern
long-term
isotopic
compositions
attributed
overrides
interannual
due
evaporative
effects.
Lakes
at
low
with
large
capture
areas
have
relatively
higher
more
consistent
composition.
Isolated
high
experience
as
they
little
no
input
buffer
volumetric
or
changes
caused
by
evaporation
precipitation.
An
alternative
explanation
lake
morphometry
(area
volume)
tested
subsequently
refuted.
Landscape
outwash
strong
predictor
input;
however,
surface-water
connections
can
short
circuit
pathways
confound
signal.
A
hydrogeological
case
study
three
used
contextualize
further
demonstrate
results.
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
6(5)
Опубликована: Июль 25, 2019
Abstract
Hydrograph
separation
is
a
widely
applied
technique
that
uses
the
stable
isotopes
of
water
(
2
H
and
18
O)
or
other
tracers
to
quantify
contribution
different
sources
streamflow.
For
its
successful
application
it
critical
adequately
characterize
these
(end‐members).
In
most
small
catchment
studies,
samples
are
collected
from
end‐members
at
one
few
locations
assumed
be
representative
for
entire
catchment.
We
tested
this
assumption
by
reviewing
148
papers
used
investigate
hydrological
processes
in
catchments
up
10
km
.
assessed
typical
spatial
variability
isotopic
composition
compartments
when
they
were
sampled
five
more
across
The
median
reported
was
largest
snowmelt
soil
water,
followed
throughfall
shallow
groundwater.
To
determine
how
might
affect
isotope‐based
hydrograph
results,
we
three‐component
two
real
rainfall‐runoff
events
synthetic
event
adjusted
(throughfall,
groundwater)
observed
variability.
estimated
maximum
contributions
three
components
differed
26%
reference
scenario.
This
suggests
caution
needed
interpreting
results
if
based
on
taken
only
locations.
Above
all,
show
negligible
may
not
valid
catchments.
article
categorized
under:
Science
Water
>
Hydrological
Processes
Methods
Abstract
Tracer‐aided
studies
to
understand
plant
water
uptake
sources
and
dynamics
in
tropical
ecosystems
are
limited.
Here,
we
report
the
analysis
of
dry
season
source
patterns
five
unique
Costa
Rica
across
altitudinal
(<150–3,400
m
asl)
latitudinal
(Caribbean
Pacific
slopes)
gradients:
evergreen
seasonal
rainforests,
cloud
forest,
Páramo
forest.
Soil
samples
were
collected
during
2021.
Plant
soil
extractions
conducted
using
centrifugation.
Stem
extracted
volume
stem
total
content
calculated
via
gravimetric
analysis.
Water
contributions
estimated
a
Bayesian
mixing
model.
Isotope
ratios
stems
exhibited
strong
meteoric
origin.
Enrichment
trends
only
detected
cactus
within
forest
ecosystem.
profiles
revealed
nearly
uniform
isotopic
profiles;
however,
depletion
trend
was
observed
ecosystem
below
25
cm.
More
enriched
compositions
reported
for
volumes
above
~20%
(
adj.
r
2
=
0.34,
p
<
0.01).
The
most
prominent
rainforest
(74.0%),
(86.4%)
(66.0%)
corresponded
well‐mixed
water.
In
ecosystem,
recent
rainfall
produced
by
trade
wind
incursions
resulted
significant
(61.9%),
whereas
mean
annual
precipitation
(38.6%)
baseflow
(33.1%)
dominant
sources.
latter
highlights
prevalence
distinct
between
cold
front
(near‐surface
storage)
more
moisture
season,
revealing
ecohydrological
processing
previously
unknown
this
region.
Applied Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(21), С. 10843 - 10843
Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2022
High
mountain
areas
are
critical
for
water
security
and
natural
hazard
dynamics,
as
well
glacier
ecosystem
conservation
in
a
warming
world.
We
present
brief
account
of
the
methodological
steps
geomorphological
mapping
areas,
including
required
scale,
legends,
technology,
software.
analyze
best
imagery
sources
their
combination
with
fieldwork
geographical
information
systems
(GIS),
performing
accurate
cartography.
In
addition,
we
two
case
studies
which
apply
several
methods
described
previously.
Firstly,
carried
out
classical
digital
Cerro
Chirripó
(Talamanca
Range).
Secondly,
studied
Reserva
Biológica
Alberto
Manuel
Brenes
(Central
Volcanic
Range),
where
used
UAVs
to
map
high-resolution
fluvial
geomorphology.
This
framework
is
suitable
future
surveys
worldwide.
Moreover,
can
give
ideas
on
application
these
approaches
different
mountainous
environments.
Journal of Maps,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
15(2), С. 538 - 545
Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2019
ABSTRACT
Several
regions
of
tropical
America
show
imprints
past
glacial
activity.
These
relict
landforms
can
support
the
understanding
climate
conditions,
such
as
during
Last
Glacial
Maximum
(LGM),
and
implications
that
these
paleoclimatic
conditions
could
have
had
on
landscape
change.
Here,
we
present
analyze
morphologies
for
Chirripó
National
Park
in
Costa
Rica
based
aerial
imagery
(1:25,000),
detailed
Digital
Elevation
Models,
geomorphic
mapping,
well
assessments
field
to
determine
validate
landforms.
This
study
adds
valuable
insights
into
reconstruction
maximum
expansion
glaciation
LGM
landscapes
general.
Hydrological Processes,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
34(24), С. 4609 - 4627
Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2020
Abstract
Páramos,
a
neotropical
alpine
grassland‐peatland
biome
of
the
northern
Andes
and
Central
America,
play
an
essential
role
in
regional
global
cycles
water,
carbon,
nutrients.
They
act
as
water
towers,
delivering
ecosystem
services
from
high
mountains
down
to
Pacific,
Caribbean,
Amazon
regions.
Páramos
are
also
widely
recognized
biodiversity
climate
change
hot
spots,
yet
they
threatened
by
anthropogenic
activities
environmental
changes.
Despite
their
importance
for
security
carbon
storage,
vulnerability
human
activities,
only
three
decades
ago,
páramos
were
severely
understudied.
Increasing
awareness
need
hydrological
evidence
guide
sustainable
management
prompted
action
generating
data
filling
long‐standing
knowledge
gaps.
This
has
led
remarkably
successful
increase
scientific
knowledge,
induced
strong
interaction
between
scientific,
policy,
(local)
communities.
A
combination
well‐established
innovative
approaches
been
applied
collection,
processing,
analysis.
In
this
review,
we
provide
short
overview
historical
development
research
state
hydrometeorology,
flux
dynamics,
impacts,
influence
extreme
events
páramos.
We
then
present
emerging
technologies
hydrology
resources
discuss
how
converging
science
policy
efforts
have
leveraged
traditional
new
observational
techniques
generate
base
that
can
support
conclude
co‐evolution
was
able
successfully
cover
different
spatial
temporal
scales.
Lastly,
outline
future
directions
showcase
long‐term
collection
foster
responsible
conservation
towers.
Frontiers in Earth Science,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
8
Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2020
Tropical
regions
cover
approximately
36%
of
the
Earth's
landmass.
These
are
home
to
40%
world's
population,
which
is
projected
increase
over
50%
by
2030
under
a
remarkable
climate
variability
scenario
often
exacerbated
El
Niño
Southern
Oscillation
(ENSO)
and
other
teleconnections.
In
tropics,
ecohydrological
conditions
typically
influence
complex
land-ocean-atmosphere
interactions
that
produce
dynamic
cycling
mass
energy
reflected
in
clear
partition
water
fluxes.
Here,
we
present
review
seven
years
concerted
continuous
stable
isotope
monitoring
across
Costa
Rica,
including
key
insights
learned,
main
methodological
advances
limitations
(both
experimental
designs
data
analysis),
potential
gaps,
future
research
opportunities
with
humid
tropical
perspective.
The
uniqueness
geographic
location
Rica
within
mountainous
Central
America
Isthmus,
receiving
moisture
inputs
from
Caribbean
Sea
(windward)
Pacific
Ocean
(complex
leeward
topography),
experiencing
strong
ENSO
events,
poses
advantage
for
use
isotopic
variations
underpin
drivers
responses.
sequential
approach,
analyzed
transport,
rainfall
generation,
groundwater/surface
connectivity
Bayesian
rainfall-runoff
modeling.
overarching
goal
this
provide
robust
example
progressive
escalation
common
observations
more
modeling
outputs
applications
enhance
resource
management
tropics.
