Causal association of sarcopenia-related traits with brain cortical structure: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 37(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Abstract Background Patients with sarcopenia often experience cognitive decline, affecting cortical structures, but the causal link remains unclear. We used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore relationship between sarcopenia-related traits and structure. Methods selected genetic variables from genome-wide association study data. Three different MR methods were used: inverse-variance weighted analysis, MR-Egger regression, median test. For significant estimates, we further conducted Cochran’s Q test, intercept leave-one-out analyses, MR-PRESSO assess heterogeneity. Results In forward appendicular lean mass (ALM) decreased thickness (TH) of lateral occipital gyrus increased TH pars opercularis (β = -0.0079 mm, 95% CI: -0.0117 mm -0.0041 P < 0.0001; β 0.0080 0.0042 0.0117 0.0001). reverse a negative correlation was found bankssts ALM, while positive correlations observed frontal pole, rostral anterior cingulate, temporal ALM. The pole positively correlated right hand grip strength (HGS-R) 0.1596 0.1349 0.1843 0.0001), triangularis left-hand (HGS-L) 0.3251 0.2339 0.4163 Conclusions Sarcopenia-related structure have effects, supporting muscle-brain axis theory. This links neurocognitive diseases provides new strategies for prevention intervention both decline.

Язык: Английский

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Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines in Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(11), С. 5795 - 5795

Опубликована: Май 28, 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), Huntington’s (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of the nervous system. Currently, there is no disease-modifying treatments for most NDs. Meanwhile, numerous studies conducted on human animal models over past decades have showed that exercises had beneficial effects Inter-tissue communication myokine, a peptide produced secreted skeletal muscles during exercise, thought to be an important underlying mechanism advantages. Here, we reviewed about myokines regulated exercise NDs their mechanisms. Myokines could exert through variety regulatory mechanisms, including cell survival, neurogenesis, neuroinflammation, proteostasis, oxidative stress, protein modification. Studies exercise-induced expected provide novel strategy treating NDs, which adequate nowadays. To date, only few been investigated mechanisms involved in them infancy. Therefore, future needed discover more test

Язык: Английский

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Association Between Sarcopenia and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Older Adults: Evidence From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2021

Background: Little is known about whether sarcopenia predicts incident depressive symptoms in older adults. Using the nationally representative data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we conducted cross-sectional longitudinal analyses to estimate association between among Methods: The sample comprised 7,706 participants aged at least 60 years (50.6% women; mean age 68.0 ± 6.5) CHARLS 2015. Based on Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019) criteria, status was classified into three types: no-sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, sarcopenia. Depressive were assessed using validated 10-items of Center Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. A analysis used examine relationship symptoms. total 4,652 without recruited same cohort 2015 followed up 2018. Cox proportional hazards regression models effect subsequent with report hazard ratio (HR). Results: prevalence populations, individuals 27.1% (2085/7706), 21.5% (927/4310), 33.6% (882/2627), 35.9% (276/769), respectively. Both (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.46-2.10) 1.64, 1.23-2.19) positively associated higher odds (all p < 0.01). During 3.7 follow-up, 956 cases (20.6%) identified. In analysis, diagnosed (HR: 1.27, 1.01-1.58) 1.49, 1.06-2.09) more likely have new onset than no-sarcopenia peers. Conclusions: AWGS independent predictors occurrence Chinese Our findings provided evidence supporting connection mental health problems, it also provides further justification timely identification management both as part comprehensive strategies fight against

Язык: Английский

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The role of resistance exercise training for improving cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Age and Ageing, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 51(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022

Abstract Background Declines in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscle mass are both associated with advancing age each of these declines is worse health outcomes. Resistance exercise training (RET) has previously been shown to improve function the older population. If RET also able CRF, as it do younger populations, potential multiple outcomes expanding Methods This systematic review aimed identify role for improving CRF healthy adults. A search across CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE EMCARE databases was conducted meta-analysis performed on eligible papers improvements established parameters (VO2 peak, aerobic threshold (AT), 6-minute walking distance test (6MWT) following intervention. Main eligibility criteria included adults (aged over 60), cohorts (disease-specific were excluded) Results Thirty-seven studies identified. Meta-analysis revealed a significant improvement VO2 peak (MD 1.89 ml/kg/min; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–2.57 ml/kg/min), AT 1.27 CI 0.44–2.09 ml/kg/min) 6MWT 30.89; 26.7–35.08) interventions less than 24 weeks. There no difference or longer Discussion adds growing body evidence supporting implementation population whole-body health, particularly time-limited timeframes.

Язык: Английский

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Adipose tissue adipokines and lipokines: Functions and regulatory mechanism in skeletal muscle development and homeostasis

Metabolism, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 139, С. 155379 - 155379

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Crosstalk between autophagy and insulin resistance: evidence from different tissues

European journal of medical research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2023

Insulin is a critical hormone that promotes energy storage in various tissues, as well anabolic functions. resistance significantly reduces these responses, resulting pathological conditions, such obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The management of insulin requires better knowledge its pathophysiological mechanisms to prevent secondary complications, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Recent evidence regarding the etiological behind emphasizes role imbalance neurohormonal dysregulation, both which are closely regulated by autophagy. Autophagy conserved process maintains homeostasis cells. Accordingly, autophagy abnormalities have been linked variety metabolic disorders, including resistance, T2DM, obesity, CVDs. Thus, there may be link between resistance. Therefore, interaction function will examined this review, particularly insulin-responsive adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle.

Язык: Английский

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Myokines: metabolic regulation in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Life Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

Skeletal muscle plays a vital role in the regulation of systemic metabolism, partly through its secretion endocrine factors which are collectively known as myokines. Altered myokine levels associated with metabolic diseases, such type 2 diabetes (T2D). The significance interorgan crosstalk, particularly myokines, has emerged fundamental aspect nutrient and energy homeostasis. However, comprehensive understanding biology setting obesity T2D remains major challenge. In this review, we discuss biological functions key myokines that have been extensively studied during past two decades, namely interleukin 6 (IL-6), irisin, myostatin (MSTN), growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), fibroblast 21 (FGF21), apelin, brain-derived neurotrophic (BDNF), meteorin-like (Metrnl), secreted protein acidic rich cysteine (SPARC), β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), Musclin, Dickkopf 3 (Dkk3). Related to these, detail exercise expression together their contributions physiology disease. Despite significant advancements research, many remain challenging measure accurately investigate thoroughly. Hence, new research techniques detection methods should be developed rigorously tested. Therefore, developing perspective on is crucial, will likely offer insights into pathophysiological mechanisms underlying may reveal novel targets for therapeutic interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Adipokines, Myokines, and Cardiokines: The Role of Nutritional Interventions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(21), С. 8372 - 8372

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2020

It is now established that adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and heart are endocrine organs secrete in normal pathological conditions several molecules, called, respectively, adipokines, myokines, cardiokines. These secretory proteins constitute a closed network plays crucial role obesity above all cardiac diseases associated with obesity. In particular, the interaction between cardiokines mainly involved inflammatory oxidative damage characterized condition. Identifying new therapeutic agents or treatment having positive action on expression of these molecules could have key effect management its complications. Results from recent studies indicate nutritional interventions, including nutraceutical supplements, represent adipo-myo-cardiokines network. This review focuses biological main myokines cardiovascular describe principal approaches able to regulate leptin, adiponectin, apelin, irisin, natriuretic peptides, follistatin-like 1 expression.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular Matrix and the Production of Cultured Meat

Foods, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(12), С. 3116 - 3116

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2021

Cultured meat production is an evolving method of producing animal using tissue engineering techniques. Cells, chemical factors, and suitable biomaterials that serve as scaffolds are all essential for the cultivation muscle tissue. Scaffolding development organized products resembling steaks because it provides mechanical stability needed by cells to attach, differentiate, mature. In in vivo settings, extracellular matrix (ECM) ensures substrates provided cells. The ECM skeletal (SM) maintains elasticity, creates adhesion points cells, a three-dimensional (3D) environment, regulates biological processes. Consequently, creating mimics native difficult task. Animal-derived polymers like collagen often regarded gold standard with ECM-like properties. Animal-free being investigated potential source stable, chemically defined, low-cost materials cultured production. this review, we explore influence on myogenesis its role scaffold vital component improve efficacy culture media used produce meat.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular vesicle-mediated bidirectional communication between heart and other organs

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 322(5), С. H769 - H784

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2022

In recent years, a wealth of studies has identified various molecular species released by cardiac muscle under physiological and pathological conditions that exert local paracrine and/or remote endocrine effects. Conversely, humoral factors, principally produced organs such as skeletal muscle, kidney, or adipose tissue, may affect the function metabolism normal diseased hearts. Although this cross communication within tissue between heart other is supported mounting evidence, research on role mediators carried exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, collectively defined extracellular vesicles (EVs), at an early stage investigation. Once in circulation, EVs can potentially reach any organ where they transfer their cargo proteins, lipids, nucleic acids potent biological effects recipient cells. there are few cases signaling was clearly demonstrated, results from many only be tentatively inferred based indirect evidence obtained infusing exogenous experimental animals adding them to cell cultures. This area rapid expansion most mechanistic interpretations change near future; hence, present review played EV-carried two-way kidneys, bone marrow, lungs, liver, brain necessarily limited. Nonetheless, available data already unveiling new, intriguing, ample scenarios physiology pathophysiology.

Язык: Английский

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