Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

The Lancet, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 403(10440), С. 1989 - 2056

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Clinical outcomes of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron and Delta variant: systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 studies covering 6 037 144 coronavirus disease 2019–positive patients

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(7), С. 835 - 844

Опубликована: Март 18, 2023

BackgroundAlthough the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is considered to induce less severe disease, there have been no consistent results on extent of decrease in severity.ObjectivesTo compare clinical outcomes COVID-19–positive patients with and Delta infection.Data sourcesSearches were implemented up 8 November 2022 PubMed, Web Science, BioRvix, MedRvix.Study eligibility criteriaEligible studies cohort reporting infection, including hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), death.ParticipantsCOVID-19–positive infection.Assessment risk biasRisk bias was assessed employing Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Methods data synthesisRandom-effect models employed pool ORs 95% CIs outcome. I2 evaluate heterogeneity between studies.ResultsA total 33 6 037 144 included this meta-analysis. In general population patients, compared Delta, infection resulted a decreased hospitalization (10.24% vs. 4.14%, OR = 2.91, CI 2.35–3.60), ICU admission (3.67% 0.48%, 3.64, 2.63–5.04), IMV (3.93% 0.34%, 3.11, 1.76–5.50), death (2.40% 0.46%, 2.97, 2.17–4.08). hospitalized COVID-19, (20.70% 12.90%, 1.63, 1.32–2.02), (10.90% 5.80%, 1.65, 1.28–2.14), (10.72% 7.10%, 1.44, 1.22–1.71).ConclusionsCompared severity decreased.

Язык: Английский

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Case fatality rates of COVID‐19 during epidemic periods of variants of concern: A meta-analysis by continents

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 141, С. 106950 - 106950

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

To calculate the case fatality rates (CFR) of COVID-19 during epidemic periods different variants concern (VOC) by continents.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and the peripheral nervous system

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 481 - 501

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Changing impact of COVID-19 on life expectancy 2019–2023 and its decomposition: Findings from 27 countries

SSM - Population Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25, С. 101568 - 101568

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2023

The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 no longer a global health emergency on 5th May 2023; however, the impact of life expectancy throughout pandemic period is not clear. This study aimed to quantify and decompose changes in during 2019-2023 corresponding age gender disparities 27 countries.Data were sourced from Human Mortality Database, Population Prospects 2022 United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics. Life was estimated using abridged table method, while differentials expectancies decomposed age-decomposition algorithm.There an overall reduction at 5 among countries 2020. rebounded Western, Northern Southern Europe 2021 but further decreased States, Chile Eastern same year. In after, lost years slowly regained; as 7th 2023, 22 had fully recovered its pre-pandemic level. reduced 2020 mainly driven by 65+, that subsequent 45-74. Women experienced lower most ages greater 85+.The has caused substantial short-term mortality variations studied. Although increased after 2022, still entirely regained level 2023. Threats are more prominent older adults men, special attention needed women aged 85+ years.

Язык: Английский

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The Missing Millions: Uncovering the Burden of Covid‐19 Cases and Deaths in the African Region

Population and Development Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 50(1), С. 7 - 58

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract Early in 2020, experts warned of the devastating toll that COVID‐19 would have on African countries. By close 2021, however, Africa remained one least affected regions world, leading commentators to speculate about a so‐called “Africa paradox”. This review evaluates current research and data establish burden infections mortality region. Despite claims countries were spared from infection, there is now considerable serological evidence confirming people ultimately experienced levels SARS‐CoV2 infection comparable or more than other global regions. Additionally, multiple measures demonstrate substantial impacts specific where and/or seroprevalence are available. The gaps between recorded cases large increased over course pandemic. Researchers also observe significant deaths mortality, attributable weak civil vital registration systems, limited health care resources, higher at younger ages. Our findings reinforce need for equitable distribution resources expanded disease surveillance across continent.

Язык: Английский

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Safety and efficacy of tixagevimab/cilgavimab for pre-exposure prophylaxis in kidney transplant recipients: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Journal of Nephrology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37(6), С. 1539 - 1550

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

Immunocompromised patients show an impaired vaccine response and remain at high risk of severe COVID-19, despite vaccination. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been developed for prophylaxis treatment. The combination tixagevimab/cilgavimab (AZD7442) has authorized emergency use as pre-exposure but data on safety efficacy in kidney transplant recipients during the Omicron period are limited.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19-Related Age Profiles for SARS-CoV-2 Variants in England and Wales and States of the USA (2020 to 2022): Impact on All-Cause Mortality

Infectious Disease Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(5), С. 600 - 634

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2023

Since 2020, COVID-19 has caused serious mortality around the world. Given ambiguity in establishing as direct cause of death, we first investigate effects age and sex on all-cause during 2020 2021 England Wales. infectious agents have their own unique profile for use a 9-year time series several different methods to adjust single-year-of-age deaths Wales 2019 (the pre-COVID-19 base year) pathogen-neutral baseline. This adjusted year is then used confirm widely reported higher males most ages above 43 both 2021. During (+COVID-19 but no vaccination), male female population-adjusted significantly increased 35. A significant reduction among females aged 75+ could be demonstrated widespread vaccination period; however, below 75 progressively increased. finding arises from mix coverage year-of-age profiles SARS-CoV-2 variants. In addition, specific puberty were demonstrated, where had than males. There evidence that year-of-birth cohorts may also involved, indicating immune priming pathogen outbreaks past led lower some birth cohorts. To specifically identify variants 2023, employ proportion total at each are potentially due or ‘with’ COVID-19. The original Wuhan strain Alpha variant show somewhat limited divergence profile, with shifting moderately 84. Delta targeted individuals 65. Omicron showed overall mortality, markedly relative 65, steeply increasing maximum 100 years age. similar can seen age-banded US states, although they slightly obscured by using bands rather single However, data shows greatly dependent COVID variant. Deaths assessed ‘due to’ (as opposed ‘involving’ COVID-19) especially overestimated change mortality. arose by-product an increase testing capacity late 2020. Potential structure–function mechanisms age-specificity discussed, along potential roles small noncoding RNAs (miRNAs). Using England, it possible unvaccinated do indeed death alters shape manner age, sex, question posed whether vaccines based carry profile.

Язык: Английский

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Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe and Lethal COVID-19 after Three Years of Follow-Up: A Population-Wide Study

Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(9), С. 1794 - 1794

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2023

In this cohort study, the general population of an Italian Province was followed for three years after start pandemic, in order to identify predictors SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe or lethal COVID-19. All National Healthcare System information on biographical records, vaccinations, swabs, COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations co-pay exemptions were extracted from 25 February 2020 15 2023. Cox proportional hazard analysis used compute relative hazards COVID-19, adjusting age, gender, vaccine status, hypertension, diabetes, major cardiovascular diseases (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), kidney cancer. Among 300,079 residents domiciled citizens, 41.5% had ≥1 positive swabs during follow-up (which lasted a mean 932 days). A total 3.67% infected individuals experienced (n = 4574) 1.76% died 2190). Females, elderly subjects with CVD, COPD, cancer showed significantly higher risk infection. The likelihood >90% lower among youngest, all comorbidities independently associated (ranging +28% +214%) both outcomes. Two immunization campaign, who received ≥2 doses vaccines still disease, lowest observed at least one booster dose.

Язык: Английский

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Dietary habits, traveling and the living situation potentially influence the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection: results from healthcare workers participating in the RisCoin Study

Infection, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 52(4), С. 1425 - 1437

Опубликована: Март 4, 2024

Abstract Purpose To explore occupational and non-occupational risk protective factors for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods Serum specimens questionnaire data were obtained between October 7 December 16, 2021 from COVID-19-vaccinated HCWs at a quaternary care hospital Munich, Germany, analyzed RisCoin Study. Results Of 3,696 participants evaluated, 6.6% have had COVID-19 least once. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified working patient occupations (7.3% COVID-19, 95% CI 6.4–8.3, P r = 0.0002), especially as nurses, to be potential occupation-related factor. Non-occupational significantly associated with high rates of contacts cases community (12.8% 10.3–15.8, < 0.0001), being obese (9.9% 7.1–13.5, 0.0014), frequent traveling abroad (9.4% 7.1–12.3, 0.0088). On contrary, receiving basic immunization early during pandemic (5.9% 5.1–6.8, regular smoking (3.6% 2.1–6.0, 0.0088), living elderly (3.0% 1.0–8.0, 0.0475), consumption ready-to-eat meals (2.6% 1.1–5.4, 0.0045) potentially protecting study against COVID-19. Conclusion The newly discovered associations situation, well dietary habits altered can help refine containment measures and, furthermore, contribute new mechanistic insights that may aid protection groups vulnerable individuals.

Язык: Английский

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