Mucosal Immunization with an Influenza Vector Carrying SARS-CoV-2 N Protein Protects Naïve Mice and Prevents Disease Enhancement in Seropositive Th2-Prone Mice DOI Creative Commons
Maria V. Sergeeva, Kirill Vasilev, Ekaterina A. Romanovskaya-Romanko

и другие.

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1), С. 15 - 15

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2024

Background/Objectives: Intranasal vaccination enhances protection against respiratory viruses by providing stimuli to the immune system at primary site of infection, promoting a balanced and effective response. Influenza vectors with truncated NS1 are promising vaccine approach that ensures pronounced local CD8+ T-cellular Here, we describe protective immunomodulating properties an influenza vector FluVec-N carrying C-terminal fragment SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein within open reading frame. Methods: We generated several recombinant reverse genetics confirmed vector's genetic stability, antigen expression in vitro, attenuation, immunogenicity mouse model. tested potential intranasal immunization naïve mice seropositive Th2-prone mice, primed aluminium-adjuvanted inactivated SARS-CoV-2. Immune response immunized challenged was analyzed through serological methods flow cytometry. Results: Double reduced weight loss viral load lungs following infection beta variant. Mice alum-adjuvanted coronavirus experienced substantial early eosinophilia during demonstrating signs enhanced disease. A single boost prevented disease enhancement modulating Protection associated formation specific IgA activation virus-specific effector resident lymphocytes lungs. Conclusions: Our study supports vaccines prevent diseases immunopathology.

Язык: Английский

Standardization, validation, and comparative evaluation of a convenient surrogate recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus plaque reduction test for quantification of Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) neutralizing antibodies DOI Creative Commons
Jing Wei, Hui Zhang, Jiawei Pei

и другие.

Virology Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2025

Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) is responsible for severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which has a case fatality rate of 1% to 10%. Currently, the inactive vaccine licensed in endemic areas elicit low levels neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). Early NAbs administration helpful patients recovery from HFRS. Therefore, measuring crucial evaluating immune response following infection or vaccination. The golden standard HTNV measurement focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT), typically requires skilled technicians and performed under high biosafety containment facility. Here, we established surrogate titration method replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) bearing glycoprotein (rVSV-HTNV-GP) based plaque (PRNT). Then compared correlated this authentic FRNT, applied it measure level 47 serum samples HFRS patients, healthy donors recipients. We observed positive correlations between two assays among recipients (R2 = 0.5994 0.3440, respectively) confirmed clear specificity without vaccinated reproducibility three more assays. Our results suggest that rVSV-HTNV-GP PRNT reliable lower-biosafety evaluation, easy perform higher sensitivity.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Immunogenic Potential of Selected Peptides from SARS-CoV-2 Proteins and Their Ability to Block S1/ACE-2 Binding DOI Creative Commons
Ligia do Socorro Oliveira de Lima, Thiago Demetrius Woiski, Juliana de Moura

и другие.

Viruses, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 165 - 165

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

The first infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes disease 2019 (COVID-19), occurred in December 2019. Within a single month, reached other countries, spreading rapid and generalized manner worldwide to cause COVID-19 pandemic. In Brazil, number of cases surpassed 38 million. This study was conducted produce antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 investigate immunogenic potential synthetic peptides containing partial sequences main proteins (spike, membrane, nucleocapsid proteins). addition, we evaluated ability impair interaction between spike S1 protein human ACE-2 protein, which is route entry into host cells. By immunizing horses peptides, obtained hyperimmune sera specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, were fragmented release F(ab’)2 portion binds different as recombinant S1-protein from viral lysate. samples also impaired proteins, showing high prevent spreading.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Antibody-dependent enhancement of SARS-CoV-2, the impact of variants and vaccination DOI Creative Commons

Swapna Thomas,

Maria K. Smatti,

Hebah Atef Mohammad AlKhatib

и другие.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Май 24, 2025

This study characterized antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) in serum samples from individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 via infection or vaccination and evaluated its association with variants (Wuhan Omicron), MERS-CoV, NL63. ADE assays were performed on sera SARS-CoV-2-infected patients (n = 210) varying disease severity vaccinated 225) who received adenovirus vector, inactivated virus mRNA vaccines. was assessed using pseudoviruses (PVs) BHK cells expressing FcgRIIa. Neutralizing antibody levels, total IgG, IgG subclasses, complement activation analyzed ELISA neutralization assays. observed 6.2% of (primarily severe cases) 5.3% (adenovirus-vector groups). ADE-positive showed reduced neutralizing activity, while subclasses did not differ significantly between negative samples. Complement elevated cases but correlate clearly ADE. Notably, MERS-CoV PV induced a subset infected samples, no detected for individuals, particularly cases, those adenovirus-vector vaccines, Cross-reactivity leading associated activity infections, though the specific role remains unclear. These findings highlight need investigate mechanisms underlying implications vaccine design post-infection immunity against respiratory viruses.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Relevance of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement in COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Daniel Rodríguez‐Pinto,

María Sol Mendoza-Ruiz

Immuno, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(2), С. 20 - 20

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2025

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a well-established mechanism of pathology in several viral diseases, but its relevance COVID-19 not yet recognized. Although studies humans have shown an association between antibody responses and disease severity, long term addressing the presence antibodies before infection their neutralization capacity are needed to establish ADE. Mechanistic determined that entry SARS-CoV-2 into host cells can be mediated by immune complexes through Fcγ receptors or favoring ACE2 conformation. However, impact on replication clear. There evidence for enhancing effects receptor-mediated effector mechanisms cytokine secretion after modulation cell signaling cells, specially with altered glycosylation, which points ADE contribute pathology. more determine both naturally infected vaccinated subjects, lead use as prognostic marker increase vaccine safety.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Enhanced Assessment of Cross-Reactive Antigenic Determinants within the Spike Protein DOI Open Access
Guilherme C. Lechuga, Jairo R. Temerozo, Paloma Napoleão-Pêgo

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(15), С. 8180 - 8180

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024

Despite successful vaccination efforts, the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants poses ongoing challenges to control COVID-19. Understanding humoral responses regarding infections and their impact is crucial for developing future vaccines that are effective worldwide. Here, we identified 41 immunodominant linear B-cell epitopes in its spike glycoprotein with an SPOT synthesis peptide array probed a pool serum from hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The bioinformatics showed restricted set unique compared other coronavirus family members. Potential crosstalk was also detected Dengue virus (DENV), which confirmed by screening individuals infected DENV before pandemic commercial ELISA anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. A high-resolution evaluation antibody reactivity against peptides representing protein ten sequences NTD, RBD, S2 domains. Functionally, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) monocytes observed vitro pre-pandemic Dengue-positive sera. significant increase viral load measured controls, no detectable neutralization or considerable cell death, suggesting role entry. Cross-reactivity proteins This study highlights importance identifying specific generated during response pathogenic infection understand potential interplay previous on diseases vaccinations immunodiagnostics.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
MultiTEP-Based Vaccines Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein IgG Epitopes Elicit Robust Binding Antibody Titers with Limited Virus-Neutralizing Activity DOI Creative Commons

Tatevik Antonyan,

Garri Chilingaryan, Karen Zagorski

и другие.

Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 520 - 520

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024

Within the last two decades, SARS-CoV-2 was third zoonotic severe acute respiratory betacoronavirus (sarbecovirus) to infect humans, following SARS and MERS. The disruptions caused by pandemic underscore need for a universal vaccine against betacoronaviruses. Our group previously developed platform development, MultiTEP, which has been utilized in this study generate range of epitope candidates. We prepared characterized 18 vaccines incorporating small peptide fragments from Spike protein fused with MultiTEP sequence using overlapping PCR. Wild-type mice were immunized intramuscularly immunogen formulated AdvaxCpG adjuvant. Serum antibodies detected ELISA, surrogate neutralization, pseudovirus neutralization assays. Finally, most promising candidate administered three non-human primates. All generated high titers spike-binding IgG antibodies. However, only that blocked RBD binding ACE2 receptor virus assay. none induced able neutralize pseudotype viruses, including after administration lead NHPs. MultiTEP-based COVID-19 elicited robust, IgG-binding responses primates, but these not neutralizing, underscoring refine approach further.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Exploring the Contrasts and Similarities of Dengue and SARS-CoV-2 Infections During the COVID-19 Era DOI Open Access
Alexis García, Juan Bautista De Sanctis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(21), С. 11624 - 11624

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2024

Extensive research has been conducted on the SARS-CoV-2 virus in association with various infectious diseases to understand pathophysiology of infection and potential co-infections. In tropical countries, exposure local viruses may alter course coinfection. Notably, only a portion antibodies produced against proteins demonstrate neutralizing properties, immune response following natural tends be temporary. contrast, long-lasting IgG are common after dengue infections. cases where preexisting from an initial bind different serotype during subsequent infection, there is for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) formation complexes associated disease severity. Both infections can result immunodeficiency. Viral both interfere host's IFN-I signaling. Additionally, cytokine storm occur viral impairing proper response, autoantibodies wide array appear convalescence. Most reported typically short-lived. Vaccines affecting enhancing clearance. A comprehensive analysis pathogenicity revisited prevent severity, mortality.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Mucosal Immunization with an Influenza Vector Carrying SARS-CoV-2 N Protein Protects Naïve Mice and Prevents Disease Enhancement in Seropositive Th2-Prone Mice DOI Creative Commons
Maria V. Sergeeva, Kirill Vasilev, Ekaterina A. Romanovskaya-Romanko

и другие.

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1), С. 15 - 15

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2024

Background/Objectives: Intranasal vaccination enhances protection against respiratory viruses by providing stimuli to the immune system at primary site of infection, promoting a balanced and effective response. Influenza vectors with truncated NS1 are promising vaccine approach that ensures pronounced local CD8+ T-cellular Here, we describe protective immunomodulating properties an influenza vector FluVec-N carrying C-terminal fragment SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein within open reading frame. Methods: We generated several recombinant reverse genetics confirmed vector's genetic stability, antigen expression in vitro, attenuation, immunogenicity mouse model. tested potential intranasal immunization naïve mice seropositive Th2-prone mice, primed aluminium-adjuvanted inactivated SARS-CoV-2. Immune response immunized challenged was analyzed through serological methods flow cytometry. Results: Double reduced weight loss viral load lungs following infection beta variant. Mice alum-adjuvanted coronavirus experienced substantial early eosinophilia during demonstrating signs enhanced disease. A single boost prevented disease enhancement modulating Protection associated formation specific IgA activation virus-specific effector resident lymphocytes lungs. Conclusions: Our study supports vaccines prevent diseases immunopathology.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0