Addressing racial and phenotypic bias in human neuroscience methods

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(4), С. 410 - 414

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Circulating endocannabinoids and genetic polymorphisms as predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity: heterogeneity in a community-based cohort

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Abstract The endocannabinoid signaling system (ECSS) regulates fear and anxiety. While ECSS hypoactivity can contribute to symptoms of established post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the role in PTSD development following trauma is unknown. A prospective, longitudinal cohort study 170 individuals (47% non-Hispanic Caucasian 70% male) treated at a level 1 center for traumatic injury was carried out. symptom assessments blood were obtained during hospitalization follow-up (6–8 months post injury). Serum concentrations endocannabinoids N -arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) determined both time points selected genetic polymorphisms genes, including rs324420 fatty acid amide hydrolase, assessed. For entire sample, serum AEA significantly higher those diagnosed with ( p = 0.030). 2-AG significantly, positively correlated severity only minorities 0.014). Minority participants (mostly Black/African American) also demonstrated significant, negative correlations between measured 0.015). A/A genotype associated 0.025) occurred exclusively Black participants. Collectively, these results are contrary our hypothesis find positive associations circulating risk PTSD. status an important modulator association PTSD, suggesting that contributes most contextual factors related findings should be further explored.

Язык: Английский

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Anxiety-Related Disorders in the Context of Racism

Current Psychiatry Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(2), С. 31 - 43

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Equity, diversity, and inclusion in developmental neuroscience: Practical lessons from community-based participatory research

Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 16, 2023

Exclusion of racialized minorities in neuroscience directly harms communities and potentially leads to biased prevention intervention approaches. As magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) other neuroscientific techniques offer progressive insights into the neurobiological underpinnings mental health research agendas, it is incumbent on us as researchers pay careful attention issues diversity representation they apply research. Discussions around these are based largely scholarly expert opinion without actually involving community under study. In contrast, community-engaged approaches, specifically Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR), actively involve population interest process require collaboration trust between partners researchers. This paper outlines a approach for development our developmental study outcomes preadolescent Latina youth. We focus "positionality" (the multiple social positions members hold) "reflexivity" ways affect process) conceptual tools from sciences humanities. propose that integrating two unique tools: positionality map Community Advisory Board (CAB) CBPR framework can counter biases human by making often invisible-or taken-for-granted power dynamics visible bolstering equitable participation diverse scientific discuss benefits challenges incorporating method with an illustrative example CAB lab, highlight key generalizable considerations design, implementation, dissemination we hope useful scholars wishing take similar

Язык: Английский

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The neurophysiological consequences of racism-related stressors in Black Americans

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 161, С. 105638 - 105638

Опубликована: Март 24, 2024

Язык: Английский

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War-Related Stress among Israeli College Students Following 7 October 2023 Terror Attack in Israel

European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(8), С. 2175 - 2186

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024

Warfare represents a significant source of stress in contemporary times, with enduring implications beyond the immediate casualties, fostering pervasive atmosphere danger and anxiety within affected populations. The Israel-Hamas war, marked by ongoing armed incursions missile attacks, stands as recent example such turmoil, inflicting widespread trauma disruption.

Язык: Английский

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Firearm injury survivors report extreme high risk for poor physical and mental health outcomes early after hospital discharge necessitating multidisciplinary care

Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(1), С. e001336 - e001336

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Background Up to 20–40% of survivors any traumatic injury develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depression after injury. Firearm may be at even higher risk for adverse outcomes. We aimed characterize PTSD and risk, pain symptoms, ongoing functional limitations in firearm early hospital discharge. Methods seen the Trauma Quality Life (TQOL) outpatient follow-up clinic 1–2 weeks discharge were invited participate a survey assessing both mental physical health The included Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Injured Survivor Screen (ITSS), Beck Depression (BDI), Checklist DSM-5 (PCL-5), 12-item Short Form Survey Physical Health component (SF-12) Results 306 patients TQOL Clinic, 175 responded survey. mean age was 32 years (SD=12), 81% male, 79% black. On ITSS, 69% 48% screened positive depression, respectively. Patients reported mild symptoms with an average BDI score 14.3 (SD=11.8) elevated PCL-5 43.8 (SD=12.8). severe BPI scores more likely screen PTSD. Respondents scored >2 SD below US national on SF-12 quality life (M=28.7). 12% across all four domains pain, PTSD, function. Conclusion Early discharge, over two-thirds development nearly half function significantly decreased. centers need prioritize early, multidisciplinary care treat prevent poor chronic survivors. Level evidence III.

Язык: Английский

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Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Sarcoidosis: Diagnosis, Management, and Health Outcomes

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(6), С. 1089 - 1089

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2021

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL), though rarely considered as a primary endpoint in clinical trials, may be the single outcome reflective patient priorities when living with health condition. HRQoL is multi-dimensional concept that reflects degree to which condition interferes participation and fulfillment important areas. intended capture composite physical, physiologic, psychological, social impairment resulting from symptom burden, patient-perceived disease severity, treatment side effects. Diminished expectedly correlates worsening disability death; but interventions addressing are linked increased survival. Sarcoidosis, being multi-organ system disease, associated diffuse array manifestations multiple symptoms, complications, medication-related effects reduced HRQoL. sarcoidosis related decreased physical function, pain, significant loss income, absence work, strain on personal relationships. Symptom distress can result clearly manifestation (e.g., ocular breathlessness, cough) also non-specific, such pain or fatigue. More complex, non-specific symptom, e.g., fatigue directly sarcoidosis-derived inflammatory state, neurologic, hormonal, cardiopulmonary), anemia, sleeplessness, weight gain, sub-clinical infection), an indirect complication sleep apnea, deconditioning, depression). Identifying distinguishing underlying causes impaired provides opportunity for strategies greatly impact patient’s well-being, outcomes. Herein, we present reference manual describes current state knowledge sarcoidosis-related distinguish between diverse other influences We provide tools assess, investigate, diagnose compromised its influencers. Strategies address modifiable factors through palliation symptoms methods improve profile outlined; well proposed research agenda

Язык: Английский

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Racial Discrimination and Resting-State Functional Connectivity of Salience Network Nodes in Trauma-Exposed Black Adults in the United States

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 5(1), С. e2144759 - e2144759

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2022

Importance

For Black US residents, experiences of racial discrimination are still pervasive and frequent. Recent empirical work has amplified the lived narratives people further documented detrimental effects on both mental physical health; however, there is a need for research to uncover mechanisms connecting with adverse health outcomes.

Objective

To examine neurobiological that may offer novel insight into association

Design, Setting, Participants

This cross-sectional study included 102 adults who had recently experienced traumatic injury. In acute aftermath trauma, participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Individuals were recruited from emergency department at Midwestern level 1 trauma center in United States between March 2016 July 2020. Data analyzed February May 2021.

Exposures

Self-reported lifetime exposure discrimination, exposure, annual household income, current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms evaluated.

Main Outcomes Measures

Seed-to-voxel analyses conducted connectivity salience network nodes (ie, amygdala anterior insula).

Results

A total individuals included, mean (SD) age 33 (10) years 58 (57%) women. After adjusting PTSD symptoms, greater thalamus was associated (t₍₉₇₎ = 6.05; false discovery rate (FDR)–correctedP .03). Similarly, insula precuneus 4.32; FDR-correctedP .02).

Conclusions Relevance

These results add mounting literature neural correlates vigilance hyperarousal. The findings extend this theory by showing apparent even when accounting socioeconomic position, psychological distress related an trauma.

Язык: Английский

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Racial and ethnic socioenvironmental inequity and neuroimaging in psychiatry: a brief review of the past and recommendations for the future

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 50(1), С. 3 - 15

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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