Advanced Intelligent Systems,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
4D
printing
with
carbon
nanotube
(CNT)‐reinforced
polymers
enables
advanced
shape‐changing
materials
but
faces
challenges
in
CNT
dispersion
and
performance.
This
study
addresses
these
limitations
by
functionalizing
CNTs
polyethylene
glycol
(PEG),
significantly
enhancing
interfacial
bonding
within
biocompatible
polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC)‐polycaprolactone
(PCL)
composites.
The
composites,
tailored
for
biomedical
applications
a
glass
transition
temperature
(T
g
)
of
37–41
°C,
exhibit
enhanced
mechanical,
thermal,
shape‐memory
properties.
At
0.5
wt%
CNT,
the
composite
achieves
25%
increase
tensile
strength,
95.78%
shape
fixity,
5‐s
recovery
time,
offering
an
optimal
balance
flexibility,
rapid
recovery.
Higher
concentrations
(5
wt%)
further
improve
thermal
stability,
increasing
decomposition
20
°C
storage
modulus
670
MPa,
although
ductility
is
reduced.
PEG
grafting
prevents
agglomeration,
enabling
high
filler
loading
without
compromising
printability,
as
confirmed
through
uniform
nanoparticle
defect‐free
fused
deposition
modeling
(FDM)‐printed
structures.
These
intelligent
composites
combine
biocompatibility,
durability,
excellent
performance,
making
them
suitable
diverse
structural
applications,
such
adaptive
medical
devices,
ergonomic
shoe
soles,
wearable
biosensors.
novel
material
provides
versatile
platform
high‐performance,
4D‐printed
systems
that
address
current
polymer
nanocomposites
advance
engineering
innovations.
Polymers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(10), С. 1398 - 1398
Опубликована: Май 14, 2024
This
study
introduces
novel
PETG–ABS–Fe3O4
nanocomposites
that
offer
impressive
3D-
and
4D-printing
capabilities.
These
can
be
remotely
stimulated
through
the
application
of
a
temperature-induced
magnetic
field.
A
direct
granule-based
FDM
printer
equipped
with
pneumatic
system
to
control
output
melt
flow
is
utilized
print
composites.
addresses
challenges
associated
using
high
weight
percentage
nanoparticles
lack
over
geometry
when
producing
precise
continuous
filaments.
SEM
results
showed
interface
matrix
was
smooth
uniform,
increase
in
weakened
printed
layers.
The
ultimate
tensile
strength
(UTS)
increased
from
25.98
MPa
for
pure
PETG–ABS
sample
26.3
27.05
10%
15%
Fe3O4
nanocomposites,
respectively.
accompanied
by
decrease
elongation
15.15%
13.94%
12.78%.
shape-memory
performance
reveal
adding
iron
oxide
not
only
enables
indirect
remote
recovery
but
also
improves
effect.
Improving
heat
transfer
strengthening
elastic
component
rate
amount
shape
recovery.
Nanocomposites
containing
20%
demonstrate
superior
subjected
stimulation
field,
despite
exhibiting
low
quality
poor
strength.
Smart
remote-control
capabilities
provide
opportunities
4D
printing
diverse
industries,
particularly
medicine,
where
rapid
speed
are
essential
minimally
invasive
procedures.
Macromolecular Rapid Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Abstract
4D
printing,
which
combines
the
design
freedom
of
3D
printing
with
responsiveness
smart
materials,
is
revolutionizing
creation
active
structures.
These
structures
can
change
shape
in
response
to
external
stimuli,
paving
way
for
advancements
robotics,
biomedicine,
and
beyond.
However,
a
comprehensive
review
article
highlighting
recent
printed
memory
actuators
(SMAAs)
lacking.
This
explores
exciting
potential
intelligent
SMAAs.
It
examines
concept
materials
used,
like
shape‐memory
polymers
(SMPs),
alloys
(SMAs),
polymer
composites
(SMPCs).
then
dives
into
compatible
techniques
principles
achieving
programmed
changes.
Different
categories
SMAAs
are
explored,
showcasing
their
applications
diverse
fields.
The
concludes
by
discussing
challenges
future
directions,
emphasizing
massive
creating
next
generation
actuators,
making
it
valuable
resource
researchers
field.
Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(6), С. 1220 - 1220
Опубликована: Март 9, 2025
The
evolution
of
thermoplastic
materials
has
played
a
critical
role
in
advancing
high-speed
Fused
Filament
Fabrication
(FFF)
and
Deposition
Modeling
(FDM)
3D
printing
technologies.
This
study
explores
the
performance
challenges
associated
with
next-generation
thermoplastics
specifically
designed
for
printing,
such
as
PLA,
ABS,
PETG,
comparison
to
conventional
materials.
A
systematic
analysis
was
conducted
evaluate
key
parameters,
including
mechanical
properties,
layer
adhesion,
surface
finish,
dimensional
accuracy,
under
varying
conditions.
results
reveal
that
thermoplastics,
when
coupled
advanced
hardware
optimized
motion
control
systems,
achieve
up
70%
reduction
time
without
significant
trade-offs
integrity
or
precision.
Additionally,
identifies
challenges,
increased
thermal
stresses,
warping,
need
precise
cooling
strategies,
which
can
impact
material
at
elevated
speeds.
Opportunities
future
development
are
also
discussed,
design
novel
polymer
formulations
innovations
further
enhance
reliability
scalability
FFF/FDM
printing.
work
underscores
potential
adopting
era
highlights
interplay
between
science
engineering
achieving
manufacturing
capabilities.
Smart Materials and Structures,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
33(8), С. 085027 - 085027
Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024
Abstract
Shape
memory
polymer
(SMP)
lattice
structures
have
garnered
considerable
attention
due
to
their
intrinsic
capability
for
self-recovery
and
mechanical
reconfiguration.
The
temporal
path,
encompassing
aspects
such
as
recovery
time
deployment
sequence,
of
the
shape
process
in
SMP
holds
paramount
significance
across
various
domains,
including
but
not
limited
medical
devices
space
deployable
structures.
Nonetheless,
programming
or
sequences
structures,
particularly
scenarios
devoid
external
controllers,
remains
a
challenge.
In
addressing
these
challenges,
this
study
presents
novel
class
endowed
with
customizable
thermal
times
programmable
sequences,
leveraging
influence
structural
geometry.
Notably,
serialized
behavior
proposed
structure
are
achieved
within
constant
temperature
environment,
obviating
need
time-varying
stimuli.
Finite
element
simulations
experimental
validations
corroborate
that
can
be
programmed
exhibit
spanning
from
mere
seconds
several
hundred
seconds.
Moreover,
three-stage
sequential
is
attained
without
necessitating
prior
local
configuration
programming.
Furthermore,
exploiting
distinctive
reversibility
inherent
high-temperature
designed
showcases
ability
transition
multiple
distinct
stable
configurations
by
modulating
duration
exposure.
thus
viable
avenue
realizing
intricate
multistage
controllable
shape-shifting
control
equipment.
Polymers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(16), С. 2260 - 2260
Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2024
The
article
presents
the
results
of
technical-economical
study
regarding
optimization
fused
deposition
modeling
(FDM)
parameters
(the
height
layer
deposited
in
one
pass-Lh
and
filling
percentage-Id)
for
manufacture
Polyethylene
Terephthalate
Glycol
(PETG)
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylate
(ASA)
parts.
To
carry
out
this
study,
was
used
fundamental
principle
value
analysis,
which
consists
maximizing
ratio
between
Vi
Cp,
where
represents
mechanical
characteristic,
Cp
production
cost.
show
that
tensile
specimens
made
PETG,
parameter
significantly
influences
Vi/Cp
ratios
is
pass,
(Lh),
case
compression
percentage
(Id).
In
manufactured
via
FDM
from
ASA,
decisively
By
performing
process
with
multiple
responses,
we
identified
optimal
manufacturing
parts
PETG
ASA:
Lh
=
0.20
mm,
percentage,
Id
100%.
