Liquid Biopsy in the Clinical Management of Cancers

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(16), С. 8594 - 8594

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024

Liquid biopsy, a noninvasive diagnosis that examines circulating tumor components in body fluids, is increasingly used cancer management. An overview of relevant literature emphasizes the current state liquid biopsy applications care. Biomarkers particularly DNA (ctDNA), RNAs (ctRNA), cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and other components, offer promising opportunities for early diagnosis, treatment selection, monitoring, disease assessment. The implementation precision medicine has shown significant potential various types, including lung cancer, colorectal breast prostate cancer. Advances genomic molecular technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) have expanded utility enabling detection somatic variants actionable alterations tumors. also demonstrated predicting responses, monitoring minimal residual (MRD), assessing heterogeneity. Nevertheless, standardizing techniques, interpreting results, integrating them into clinical routine remain challenges. Despite these challenges, implications management, offering dynamic approach to understanding biology guiding personalized strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based strategies for tumor markers detection: A review

Talanta, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 280, С. 126717 - 126717

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Inverted Pyramid Nanostructures Coupled with a Sandwich Immunoassay for SERS Biomarker Detection

Nanomaterials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1), С. 64 - 64

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Cancer diagnostics often faces challenges, such as invasiveness, high costs, and limited sensitivity for early detection, emphasizing the need improved approaches. We present a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based platform leveraging inverted pyramid SU-8 nanostructured substrates fabricated via nanoimprint lithography. These substrates, characterized by sharp apices edges, are further functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), enabling uniform self-assembly of AuNPs to create highly favorable configuration enhanced SERS analysis. Performance testing using malachite green (MG) model analyte demonstrated excellent detection capabilities, achieving limit low 10−12 M. Building on these results, was adapted sensitive specific hyaluronic acid (HA), key biomarker associated inflammation cancer progression. The system employs sandwich immunoassay configuration, antibodies capture HA molecules 4-MBA-labeled tags detection. This setup achieved an ultra-sensitive 10−11 g/mL HA. Comprehensive characterization confirmed uniformity reproducibility while validation in complex biological matrices their robustness reliability, highlighting potential

Язык: Английский

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Ethical Considerations and Implications of Multi-Cancer Early Detection Screening: Reliability, Access and Cost to Test and Treat

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Abstract This essay focuses on the ethical considerations and implications of providing a universal multi-cancer screening test as best approach to reduce societal cancer burden in society with limited funds, resources, infrastructure. With 1.9 million diagnoses each year United States, 86% all cancers diagnosed individuals over age 50, tools approved for only four types (breast, cervical, colorectal, lung cancer), it seems that detect most early is easy administer, accurate cost-effective, would be worth considering. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging multi-marker blood are two main technologies we will discuss test. However, understand appreciate clinical breakthrough such test, must first consider accessibility efficacy current methods. We conclude closer examination implementing Galleri detection tool adamantly advocated by company developed this blood-based

Язык: Английский

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Raman Spectroscopy and Exosome-Based Machine Learning Predicts the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Therapy for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Early prediction of the neoadjuvant therapy efficacy for HER2-positive breast cancer is crucial personalizing treatment and enhancing patient outcomes. Exosomes, which play a role in tumor development response, are emerging as potential biomarkers diagnosis prediction. Despite their promise, current exosome detection isolation methods cumbersome time-consuming often yield limited purity quantity. In this study, we employed Raman spectroscopy to analyze molecular changes exosomes from sera patients before after two cycles therapy. Utilizing machine learning techniques (PCA, LDA, SVM), developed predictive model with an AUC value exceeding 0.89. Additionally, introduced innovative capture system, termed Magnetic beads@HER2-Exos@HER2-SERS nanoprobes (HER2-MEDN). This system enabled us efficiently extract exosomes, refining our achieve accuracy greater than 0.94. Our study has demonstrated HER2-MEDN accurately predicting early offering novel insights methodologies assessing cancer.

Язык: Английский

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LB-100 Enhances Drugs Efficacy Through Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein Expression in Multidrug-Resistant Glioblastoma and Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Cellular Models

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 189 - 189

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025

Background/Objectives: This study explores the potential of LB-100 (a protein phosphatase 2A—PP2A inhibitor) combined with adavosertib WEE1 kinase and doxorubicin (DOX), to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells enhance treatment efficacy. Methods: We evaluated combinations DOX patient-derived glioblastoma non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLCs) using a real-time analyzer. Effectiveness was also assessed through immunofluorescence assay, interactions were analyzed via SynergyFinder+. examined P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression drug genes’ MDR NSCLCs after treatment, as well sensitizing effect on accumulation. Results: significantly boosts effectiveness multiple applications. It enhances these drugs’ cytotoxicity single application without acting synergistically. Additionally, reduces P-gp NSCLCs, them increasing its Conclusions: drugs against cells, presenting promising strategy modulation.

Язык: Английский

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Developing a risk score using liquid biopsy biomarkers for selecting Immunotherapy responders and stratifying disease progression risk in metastatic melanoma patients

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 44(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Abstract Background Despite the high response rate to PD-1 blockade therapy in metastatic melanoma (MM) patients, a significant proportion of patients do not respond. Identifying biomarkers predict patient is crucial, ideally through non-invasive methods such as liquid biopsy. Methods Soluble forms PD1, PD-L1, LAG-3, CTLA-4, CD4, CD73, and CD74 were quantified using ELISA assay plasma cohort 110 MM at baseline, investigate possible correlations with clinical outcomes. A risk prediction model was applied validated pilot studies. Results No biomarker showed statistically differences between responders non-responders. However, number observed among certain Through univariate multivariate Cox analyses, we identified sPD-L1, sCTLA-4, sCD73, sCD74 independent predicting progression-free survival overall survival. According ROC analysis discovered that, except for values lower than cut-off predicted disease progression reduced mortality. comprehensive score developed by incorporating ​​of two factors, sCTLA-4 sCD74, which significantly improved accuracy outcome prediction. Pilot validations highlighted potential use treatment-naive individuals long responders. Conclusion In summary, based on circulating reflects immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) patients. If confirmed, further validation, these findings could assist recommending likely experience long-lasting response.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring Breast Cancer-Related Biochemical Changes in Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Using Raman Spectroscopy

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 278, С. 117287 - 117287

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Genetic polymorphism and current biotechnology approaches of therapeutic aspects within endometrial tumors

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Among oncological diseases of women, gynecological deserve special attention. Gynecological tumors are important to women's health throughout the world. Notably, gynecologic malignancies represent a prevalent category cancers affecting women globally. Single nucleotide polymorphisms have emerged as promising source genetic information better understand complex such cancer, in terms etiology, interindividual differences and treatment response. In this review, we summarize some selected gene single polymorphisms’ implication cancer susceptibility/predisposition, well potential use markers for improved diagnosis individualized cancers. Furthermore, review explores advances biotechnology that contributed management tumors, particular endometrial with focus on molecular diagnostics, therapeutic innovations, personalized medicine. It is critical investigate sociated susceptibility/predisposition them might be utilized useful assessing predisposition further used modalities individuals similar polymorphism profile. Moreover, recent advancements biosensing technologies, particularly nano-biosensors microfluidic biosensors, significantly enhanced detection tumor markers. Taken together, revolution research, diagnosis, has been made possible by decades.

Язык: Английский

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Advancing Breast Cancer Treatment: The Role of Immunotherapy and Cancer Vaccines in Overcoming Therapeutic Challenges

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(4), С. 344 - 344

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant global health challenge due to its complex biology, which complicates both diagnosis and treatment. Immunotherapy vaccines have emerged as promising alternatives, harnessing the body’s immune system precisely target eliminate cells. However, several key factors influence selection effectiveness of these therapies, including BC subtype, tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), PD-L1 expression, HER2 resistance, microenvironment (TME). subtypes play critical role in shaping treatment responses. Triple-negative breast (TNBC) exhibits highest sensitivity immunotherapy, while HER2-positive hormone receptor-positive (HR+) often require combination strategies for optimal outcomes. High TMB enhances responses by generating neoantigens, making tumors more susceptible checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); whereas, low may indicate resistance. Similarly, elevated TIL levels are associated with better immunotherapy efficacy, expression serves predictor inhibitor success. Meanwhile, resistance an immunosuppressive TME contribute evasion, highlighting need multi-faceted approaches. Current immunotherapies encompass range targeted treatments. HER2-directed such trastuzumab pertuzumab, block dimerization enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), small-molecule inhibitors, like lapatinib tucatinib, suppress signaling curb growth. Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) improve targeting coupling monoclonal antibodies cytotoxic agents, minimizing off-target effects. ICIs, pembrolizumab, restore T-cell function, CAR-macrophage (CAR-M) therapy leverages macrophages reshape overcome While particularly TNBC, has demonstrated promise eliciting durable responses, efficacy varies across subtypes. Challenges immune-related adverse events, mechanisms, high costs, delayed remain barriers widespread vaccines—including protein-based, whole-cell, mRNA, dendritic cell, epitope-based vaccines—aim stimulate tumor-specific immunity. Though clinical success been limited, ongoing research is refining vaccine formulations, integrating identifying biomarkers improved patient stratification. Future advancements will depend on optimizing through biomarker-driven approaches, addressing heterogeneity, developing innovative therapies By leveraging strategies, researchers aim ultimately

Язык: Английский

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