The significance of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen in infection and clearance of hepatitis B virus

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

One of the key features chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is inability to mount sufficient and coordinated adaptive immune responses against HBV. Recent studies on HBV-specific cells antibody surface antigen (anti-HBs) have shed light their role in pathogenesis (CHB). Anti-HBs recognized as a protective marker, both for HBV clearance following vaccination, it also considered an important indicator functional cure CHB. Notably, impairment may be reversible. The restoration cell function, along with induction anti-HBs response, regarded pivotal terminating achieving cure. This article reviews significance HBV, discusses potential neutralizing antibodies therapeutic vaccines promising future strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Targeting immune cellular populations and transcription factors: unraveling the therapeutic potential of JQF for NAFLD

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) constitutes the most prevalent chronic worldwide. Progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), immune cell reservoir within undergoes remodeling, exacerbating inflammation and potentially leading fibrosis. Jiangtang Qingre Formula (JQF) is an effective prescription for clinical treatment of NAFLD. However, its underlying mechanism action remains unclear. Using a high-fat diet-induced NAFLD mouse model, we evaluated JQF's effects with biochemical tests histopathology. Single-cell RNA sequencing spatial transcriptomics furthered our understanding pathophysiology mechanisms. Our findings initially revealed significant improvements in JQF on hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis glucose tolerance mice. Furthermore, changes were observed cells including monocytes, macrophages, T livers Notably, regions infiltrated by presented severe Importantly, effectively modulated these cells. Advanced subcluster communication analyses identified key macrophage (KCs, MoMFs) (Tc, Th2) subpopulations therapeutic actions. Further SCENIC analysis additionally uncovered essential transcription factors that regulate subclusters, such as Stat2, Mta3, Eomes, Etv5. Overall, research suggests promising potential agent identifies critical populations contribute effects, thereby revealing targets

Язык: Английский

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Combination of rapamycin and adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells enhances therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

The regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) has been extensively studied in clinical trials the past decade. However, despite promising properties documented preclinical studies, for instance osteoarthritis (OA), therapeutic translation these results patients not fully conclusive. One factor contributing to this barrier could be presence senescent OA joints. This study evaluated a novel approach treatment by combining adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) with rapamycin, clinically approved immunosuppressive drug anti-senescence properties. First, rapamycin effects on senescence and fibrosis markers were investigated freshly isolated chondrocytes immunostaining. Next, vitro differentiation capacities AD-MSCs, their regulatory immune functions activated chondrocyte signature assessed rapamycin. In chondrocytes, reduced marker p15INK4B COL1A1 without affecting expression master chondrogenic SOX9 COL2. Rapamycin also enhanced AD-MSC into adipocytes. addition, improved immunoregulatory promoting factors, such as IDO1, PTGS2 CD274 (encoding PD-L1). Finally, RNA sequencing analysis showed that AD-MSCs displayed chondroprotective co-cultured chondrocytes. Our findings suggest combination enhances efficacy senescence-driven degenerative diseases OA, notably improving anti-fibrotic anti-inflammatory

Язык: Английский

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Immunological Features and Potential Biomarkers of Systemic Sclerosis–Associated Interstitial Lung Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

The Clinical Respiratory Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19(4)

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

ABSTRACT Background This study aims to summarize the similarities and differences in immune cell characteristics, potential therapeutic targets between systemic sclerosis‐associated interstitial lung disease (SSc‐ILD) idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods included SSc‐ILD SSc‐nonILD patients who were admitted Beijing Chaoyang Hospital April 4th, 2013, June 30th, 2023. Publicly available datasets, including peripheral blood monocular (pbmc) single‐cell data, SSc, pbmc transcriptome SSc‐ILD, IPF tissue data analyzed. Statistical analyses conducted using SPSS R software, employing standard statistical methods bioinformatics packages such as Seurat, DESeq2, enrichR, CellChat. Results The results revealed that CD4+/CD8+ T ratio of was significantly higher than patients. In patients, an elevated also observed progressive group, Treg mature CD4+ cells might cause this change. JAK–STAT pathway cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction activated CD30, CD40, FLT3 signaling pathways found play crucial roles interactions with other among SPA17 a commonly upregulated gene lung, its expression correlating positively severity function progression. Conclusion associate ILD initiation progression; key it. serve pan‐ILD marker associated

Язык: Английский

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Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit hepatic stellate cells activation to alleviate liver fibrosis via Hippo pathway

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Artemisitene ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulating immune responses

International Immunopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 146, С. 113818 - 113818

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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