Taming neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: The protective role of phytochemicals through the gut−brain axis
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
178, С. 117277 - 117277
Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2024
Язык: Английский
Brain repair mechanisms after cell therapy for stroke
Brain,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
147(10), С. 3286 - 3305
Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2024
Cell-based
therapies
hold
great
promise
for
brain
repair
after
stroke.
While
accumulating
evidence
confirms
the
preclinical
and
clinical
benefits
of
cell
therapies,
underlying
mechanisms
by
which
they
promote
remain
unclear.
Here,
we
briefly
review
endogenous
ischaemic
stroke
then
focus
on
how
different
stem
progenitor
sources
can
repair.
Specifically,
examine
transplanted
grafts
contribute
to
improved
functional
recovery
either
through
direct
replacement
or
stimulating
pathways.
Additionally,
discuss
recently
implemented
refinement
methods,
such
as
preconditioning,
microcarriers,
genetic
safety
switches
universal
(immune
evasive)
transplants,
well
therapeutic
potential
these
pharmacologic
manipulations
further
enhance
efficacy
therapies.
By
gaining
a
deeper
understanding
post-ischaemic
mechanisms,
prospective
trials
may
be
refined
advance
post-stroke
therapy
clinic.
Язык: Английский
Neuroprotective and plasticity promoting effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS): a role for microglia
Brain stimulation,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
(rTMS)
is
a
non-invasive
brain
technique
used
to
modulate
neocortical
excitability,
with
expanding
applications
in
neurological
and
psychiatric
disorders.
However,
the
cellular
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
its
effects,
particularly
role
of
microglia-the
resident
immune
cells
central
nervous
system-remain
poorly
understood.
This
review
synthesizes
recent
findings
on
how
different
rTMS
protocols
influence
microglial
function
under
physiological
conditions
disease
models.
Emerging
evidence
indicates
that
modulates
activation,
promoting
neuroprotective
plasticity-enhancing
processes
not
only
models
disorders,
such
as
Alzheimer's
Parkinson's
disease,
but
also
healthy
neural
circuits.
While
much
current
research
has
focused
inflammatory
profile
microglia,
critical
aspects
activity-dependent
synaptic
remodeling,
phagocytic
activity,
process
motility
remain
underexplored.
Given
substantial
heterogeneity
responses
across
regions,
age,
sex,
well
their
differential
roles
health
deeper
understanding
involvement
rTMS-induced
plasticity
essential.
Future
studies
should
integrate
selective
manipulation
advanced
structural,
functional,
profiling
techniques
clarify
causal
involvement.
Addressing
these
gaps
will
be
pivotal
optimizing
maximizing
therapeutic
potential
spectrum
neuropsychiatric
conditions.
Язык: Английский
Neuroprotective effects of Withania somnifera on ischemic stroke are mediated via anti-inflammatory response and modulation of neurotransmitter levels
Neurochemistry International,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 105867 - 105867
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Vascular Cognitive Impairment—The Molecular Basis and Potential Influence of the Gut Microbiota on the Pathological Process
Cells,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(23), С. 1962 - 1962
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2024
Cognitive
impairment
is
a
major
healthcare
challenge
worldwide,
with
vascular
cognitive
(VCI)
being
its
second
leading
cause
after
Alzheimer’s
disease.
VCI
heterogeneous
group
of
disorders
resulting
from
various
pathologies.
Therefore,
it
particularly
difficult
to
determine
underlying
and
exact
molecular
basis.
Nevertheless,
the
current
understanding
pathophysiological
processes
has
changed
evolved
in
last
decades.
The
aim
this
narrative
review
summarize
state
knowledge
on
pathogenesis
analyze
potential
role
gut
microbiota
process,
considering
most
recent
scientific
reports
accordance
these
processes.
Chronic
cerebral
hypoperfusion,
which
results
impaired
blood
supply,
i.e.,
oxygen
nutrient
deficiency,
main
mechanism
VCI.
Furthermore,
chronic
hypoperfusion
triggers
cascade
changes,
starting
an
energy
imbalance,
glutamate
excitotoxicity,
acidotoxicity,
oxidative
stress.
Also,
all
above
provoke
activation
microglia
release
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
that
recruit
systemic
immune
cells
lead
their
infiltration
into
central
nervous
system,
neuroinflammation.
Blood–brain
barrier
dysfunction
may
occur
at
stages
ultimately
increasing
permeability
allowing
potentially
toxic
substances
enter
brain
parenchyma.
Gut
metabolites,
have
been
identified
numerous
inflammatory
conditions,
also
influence
Язык: Английский
Effects of immunological processes and mild ambient atmosphere alterations on the brain in health and disease
Neuroprotection/Neuroprotection (Chichester, England. Print),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2024
Язык: Английский
P2Y12 receptor ligands enable design of fluorescent imaging probes for microglia
Chemistry Letters,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
53(10)
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Abstract
Microglia,
the
resident
macrophages
of
brain,
have
recently
been
revealed
to
be
essential
in
regulating
brain
functions.
However,
there
are
limited
methods
that
allow
fluorescence
labeling
microglia
for
their
functional
analysis.
Herein,
we
demonstrate
a
ligand
P2Y12
receptors,
which
is
specifically
expressed
can
leveraged
rational
design
imaging
probes.
Our
strategy
flexible
as
it
tune
wavelength,
affording
new
fluorescent
probes
microglia.
Язык: Английский